I-Linux ilawula ngokupheleleyo i-500 ephezulu kwii-supercomputer ezinamandla zehlabathi

Eyona Top500 yamva nje, inqanaba lama-500 ee-supercomputer ezinamandla emhlabeni, yapapashwa ngoJuni 17, 2019 kwiNkomfa yaMazwe ngaMazwe yeKhomishini eNkulu yokuSebenza ebibanjelwe eFrankfurt, eJamani.

En Olu hlelo lutsha uyakufumanisa ukuba kukho abantu abatsha abangena kolu luhlu bangama-94, kuquka nabangama-47 baseChina nabase-17 baseUnited States. Umphezulu woluhlu uhlala ungatshintshanga, xa kuthelekiswa nenqanaba langaphambili, linamangeniso amabini kuphela kwi-10 ephezulu, enye yazo yinkqubo esele ihlaziyiwe kwaye amandla ayo athe andiswa.

IFrontera kuphela kwekhomputha entsha kwi-10 ephezulu, ikwindawo yesihlanu kule TOP500 enamandla angama-38 eepetaflops.

Kolu hlelo lutsha loluhlu Siyabona ukuba iUnited States yongeze oomatshini abasixhenxe abaphezulu kwi-Top500 zezona supercomputer zinamandla emhlabeni, zomeleza ukuhlala kwazo ekusebenziseni iikhomputha zeekhomputha ngee-116 zeekhompyuter zizonke kunye ne-38,4% yamandla okusebenzisa iikhompyuter.

Ukuhanjiswa kweekhomputha ezinkulu ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• I-China: 219
• IUnited States: i-116
• IJapan: 29
• EFransi: 19
• I-UK: 18
• EJamani: 14
• I-Ireland: 13
• ENetherlands: 13
• ECanada 8
• UMzantsi Korea: 5
• ElamaTaliyane: 5
• IAustralia: 5
• ISingapore 5
• ISwitzerland 4
• ISaudi Arabia, iBrazil, iIndiya, uMzantsi Afrika: 3
• IRashiya, iFinland, iSweden, iSpain, iTaiwan: 2

Ii-Supercomputers ezikhokelela kwi-Top 500

Ngelixa i-China iwele ukusuka kwindawo yokuqala neyesibini ukuya kwindawo yesithathu neyesine ukusukela ngoNovemba 2017, kodwa Kusephambi kwe-US njengoko inani lase China leekhompyuter ezinkulu zingama-219 ngenani xa kuthelekiswa ne-116 eMelika.

Nangona eli candelo liza kunika njengesalathiso sokuba i-China inamandla amakhulu, le nto yahlukile kuba i-United States iyinkokheli yoluhlu ithathela ingqalelo amandla okusombulula.

Iikhompyuter ezimbini eziyilwe yi-IBM yase-United States yiNgqungquthela eyiphi inamandla e-200 petaflops kunye neSierra ene-125.7 petaflops, ebekwe e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) eTennessee naseLawrence Livermore National Laboratory eCarlifonia, ngokulandelelana, zigcina ezi zikhundla zimbini ziphambili.

Kwindawo yesithathu neyesine Ukusuka kolu luhlu ziiTshayina ezinkulu:

Ilanga leTayhuLight, Inkqubo ephuhliswe liZiko leSizwe loPhando kwiTekhnoloji yeComputer yeKhompyuter (NRCPC) eWuxi (125.4 iipetaflops)

Ewe Ingca-2A iphuhliswe yiDyunivesithi yase China iTekhnoloji yoKhuselo kaZwelonke (NUDT) eGuangzhouZiyi-100 iipetaflops).

Ukusasazwa ngokubanzi kwenani labasebenzisi beekhompyuter kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kulandelayo: Iikhompyuter ezingama-267 ziseAsia (261 kunyaka odlulileyo), i-127 eMelika (131) kunye nama-98 eYurophu (101), 5 e-Oceania kunye ne-3 e-Afrika .

I-Linux, inkqubo ekhethiweyo yeekhompyuter

Kuludwe lweenkqubo zokusebenza ezisetyenziswa kwiikhompyuter ezinkulu, Kufuneka iqatshelwe ukuba zonke ii-supercomputer ezikule TOP500 ngoku zisebenza phantsi kwenkqubo yokusebenza esekwe kwi-Linux, phakathi kwazo kukho oku kulandelayo kulwabiwo lwe-Linux kubo:

I-48.8% (50.8%) ayiniki zinkcukacha kulwabiwo

I-27.8% (23.2%) isebenzise i-CentOS

7.6% (9.8%) -iCray Linux

3% (3.6%) - ISUSE

4,8% (5%) - RHEL

1.6% (1.4%) -Ubuntu

0.4% (0.4%) -iNzululwazi yeLinux

isibulali

Ngelixa sithetha ngabavelisi abanika amandla ezi supercomputer sinokuzifumana:

ILenovo ikwangumboneleli omkhulu weekhompyuter kule TOP500, kuba imele i-34.6% yeenqanawa eziphononongwe yi-Inspur (14.2%), i-Sugon (12.6%), HPE (8%) kunye neCray (7.8%).

Ngelixa entliziyweni isinika amandla ezi supercomputer Ii-CPU ze-Intel ezikhokelela kwindlela ebonakalayo: 95.6%, ilandelwe yi-IBM Power ene-2.6%, SPARC64 - 0.8%, kwindawo yesine, 0.4% kwi-AMD kuphela nge-0.4%.

Uninzi lwazo lusekwe kwiiprosesa ze-Intel Xeon kunye nezinyusi ze-NVIDIA.

Apha kufanelekile ukuqaqambisa enye yazo, ekule Top 500, ukusukela kuphela ikhompyuter ye-Astra iza neprosesa ye-ARMInto emangazayo ukubona ikhompyuter inikwe obu buchwephesha baninzi abanokucinga ukuba ayinayo into eyenzayo kwimisebenzi emikhulu.

Okokugqibela isikhundla seGreen 500 asisakhululwa ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye sidibana ne-Top 500njengoko ukusebenza kwamandla ngoku kubonakala kwinqanaba eliphezulu le-500 ephezulu (umlinganiso we-LINPACK FLOPS kusetyenziso lwamandla kwii-watts kuthathelwa ingqalelo).