http://www.cellbiol.com/bioinformatics_web_development/chapter-2-the-linux-operating-system-setting-up-a-linux-web-server/the-linux-filesystem/
Los iimvume Ziyinto enomdla kakhulu kwilizwe le-Unix kwaye yenye yezona zinto zixabisekileyo kakhulu zolu hlobo lwenkqubo yokusebenza. I-Linux iphumeza le nkqubo yeendlela zemikhombandlela kunye neefayile zenkqubo, kwaye sinokuhambelana nezinye iindlela zokhuselo ezinje ngeempawu ezandisiweyo ezenziwa zezinye iinkqubo zefayile, okanye nezinye iintlobo zenkqubo yezokhuseleko ezinje ngoluhlu lolawulo lofikelelo okanye i-ACL.
Kwamanye amanqaku sithethile ngeendlela okanye iimvume, nantoni na ofuna ukuyibiza, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo sele uyazi ukuba siyazibona iimvume zethu Imikhombandlela kunye neefayile ngomyalelo olula ls -l, kodwa kwikhonsoli iya kusibonisa uhlobo loonobumba njengoko sele sisazi. Kwelinye icala, sinokusebenzisa kwa le notation inye okanye i-octal ukuguqula ezi mvume sisebenzisa i-chmod command, njengoko sele usazi ... Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba sifuna ukudwelisa iimvume kwifom ye-octal?
Ewe, ukuze Jonga ubhalo lwe-octal Singasebenzisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, nangona enye yezona zilula kukuyalela umthetho:
stat /etc/passwd
Ngomyalelo odlulileyo siza kubona ulwazi oluninzi malunga nale fayile ithile, kumzekelo / njl / ukudlula. Kodwa ukuba sifuna nje ukubona okanye iimvume kwifomathi ye-octalungasebenzisa:
stat -c '%a' /etc/passwd
Phakathi kwe iifomathi kunye nezinto ezinokwenzeka Iyafumaneka, onokuthi uyibone ngomntu, nazo zi-% A ukubona ifomathi ngoonobumba, kunye nezinye izinto onokukhetha kuzo ukucoca imveliso kwaye ubonise kuphela amanye amasimi afunyenweyo ukuba asichazi kwanto. Umzekelo, ukuba sifuna ukuboniswa zombini iindlela zokujonga iimvume okanye iindlela ze-Unix zefayile okanye isikhombisi, sinokusebenzisa lo myalelo:
stat -c '%A %a' /etc/passwd
Kwaye ke sizakufumana zombini kwimveliso esemgangathweni ...