Ogast 25, 1991, shan bilood ka dib korriinka, ardayga 21-jirka ah, Linus Torvalds, ayaa lagaga dhawaaqay teleconference-ka comp.os.minix in hab-shaqayneed la dhammaystiray ee nidaamka cusub ee hawlgalka Linux, bash 1.08 iyo gcc 1.40.
Sidan isagoon ogayn waxay noqonaysaa sii dayntii ugu horaysay ee dadwaynaha ee kernel Linux kaas oo la soo bandhigay 17-kii September. Kernel 0.0.1 waxaa lagu cadaadiyay 62 KB wuxuuna ka kooban yahay 10.000 oo xariiq oo koodhka isha ah, kaas oo ka duwan nooca hadda jira, kernel-ka casriga ah ee Linux wuxuu leeyahay in ka badan 30 milyan oo xariiq oo kood ah.
Kernel-ka Linux waxaa dhiirigeliyay nidaamka hawlgalka ee MINIX, kaas oo aan ku haboonayn Linus shatigiisa xadidan. Ka dib, markii Linux noqday mashruuc caan ah, dacaayadihii wuxuu isku dayay inuu ku eedeeyo Linus inuu koobiyeeyay si toos ah koodka nidaamyada hoosaadka qaarkood MINIX.
Weerarka waxaa iska celiyay Andrew Tanenbaum, qoraaga MINIX, kaas oo u wakiishay arday inuu sameeyo isbarbardhig tafatiran oo ku saabsan koodka Minix iyo noocyadii ugu horreeyay ee Linux. Natiijooyinka daraasadda ayaa muujisay joogitaanka afar kaliya oo isku-dheellitir ah oo kood ah, sababtoo ah shuruudaha POSIX iyo ANSI C.
Linus wuxuu asal ahaan ka fikiray inuu magacaabo Freax kernel, laga bilaabo erayada "free", "freak" iyo X (Unix). Laakin Magaca "Linux" waxaa u bixiyay kernel Ari Lemmke, kaasoo, codsi Linus, dhigay kernel-ka server-ka FTP ee jaamacadda, isaga oo magacaabay hagaha faylka ku jira ee aan ahayn "freax", sida uu Torvalds codsaday, laakiin "linux".
Waxaa xusid mudan in ganacsadaha ganacsiga William Della Croce uu ku guuleystey in uu diiwaan geliyo ganacsiga Linux oo uu doonayey in uu ururiyo royalties waqti ka dib, laakiin markii dambe uu bedelay maskaxdiisa oo u wareejiyay dhammaan xuquuqda ganacsiga Linus. Mascot-ka rasmiga ah ee kernel Linux, penguin Tux, ayaa loo doortay natiijada tartan la qabtay 1996 oo magaciisa Tux uu u taagan yahay Torvalds UniX.
Sida for taariikhda horumarinta kernel, waxaan la wadaagnaa in yar oo ka mid ah:
- Sebtembar 1991: Linux 0.0.1, sii -deyntii ugu horreysay ee dadweyne oo kaliya taageerta i386 CPU iyo kabaha ka soo baxa diskooga.
Janaayo 1992: Linux 0.12, koodhku wuxuu bilaabay in lagu qaybiyo shatiga GPLv2 - Maarso 1992: Linux 0.95, ayaa bixisay awoodda lagu socodsiiyo Nidaamka Daaqadda X, taageeridda xusuusta dalwaddii iyo is -weydaarsiga qaybinta, iyo qaybinta ugu horraysay ee SLS iyo Yggdrasil ayaa soo baxday.
- Xagaagii 1993, mashaariicda Slackware iyo Debian ayaa la aasaasay.
Maarso 1994: Linux 1.0, nooca ugu horreeya ee si rasmi ah u deggan.
Maarso 1995: Linux 1.2, koror weyn oo ku yimid tirada darawalada, taageerada Alpha, MIPS iyo SPARC dhufto, ballaarinta awooda xidhmada shabakadda, muuqaalka shaandhada baakadka, taageerada NFS. - Juun 1996: Linux 2.0, oo taageerta nidaamyada hawlwadeenada badan.
- Janaayo 1999: Linux 2.2, kordhinta hufnaanta nidaamka maareynta xusuusta, taageerida loogu daray IPv6, hirgelinta dab -damis cusub, waxay soo bandhigtay nidaam hoosaad cusub
- Febrero de 2001: Linux 2.4, taageeridda nidaamyada 8-processor iyo 64 GB ee RAM, nidaamka faylka Ext3, USB, taageerada ACPI.
- Diisambar 2003: Linux 2.6, taageerada SELinux, aaladaha toosinta kernel -ka otomaatiga ah, sysfs, nidaamka maareynta xusuusta dib loo qaabeeyey.
- Bishii Sebtember 2008, nuqulkii ugu horreeyay ee aaladda Android ee ku saleysan kernel Linux ayaa la sameeyay.
- Bishii Luulyo 2011, ka dib 10 sano oo horumarin ah laanta 2.6.x, u -gudubka lambar 3.x ayaa la sameeyey.
- In 2015, Linux 4.0, tirada walxaha git ee bakhaarka ayaa gaaray 4 milyan.
- Bishii Abriil ee 2018, Waxaan ka adkaaday caqabaddii 6 milyan ee walxaha git-core ee bakhaarka.
- Bishii Janaayo 2019, Laanta kernel Linux 5.0 ayaa la sameeyay.
- La dhajiyay Ogosto 2020, kernel 5.8 wuxuu ahaa kan ugu weyn marka la eego tirada isbeddelada dhammaan kernels intii mashruucu noolaa.
- In 2021, koodh loogu talagalay horumarinta darawalada luqadda Rust ayaa lagu daray laanta xigta ee kernel Linux.
- Ogosto 2022, laanta Linux kernel 6.0 ayaa la sameeyay, maadaama ay jireen noocyo ku filan laanta 5.x si loo beddelo lambarka koowaad ee lambarka nooca.