Mune Nyaya yapfuura Takataura nezvekuti nei Linux iri sarudzo yakanakisa yekushandisa iyo inomiririra webhu. Zvino ngatione mamwe akavhurwa sosi sosi yemaseva ewebhu.
Izwi rekuti "web server" rinoreva zvese zviri zviviri hardware uye software.
Kubva pane yekutarisisa mamiriro, dura rewebhu ikombuta iyo inochengeta iyo web server software uye izvo zvikamu zvemafaira zvewebhusaiti. (semuenzaniso, magwaro eHTML, mifananidzo, CSS machira, uye maJavaScript mafaera). Iyo yakabatana neInternet uye inotsigira kuchinjaniswa kwedata remuviri nemamwe madivayiri akabatana newebhu. Kana iri software, Webhu sevha inosanganisira zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinodzora nzira iyo vashandisi vewebhu vanowana mafaira akachengetwa.
Chinhu chikuru chewebhu dura ndeye server yeHTTP. Iyo chirongwa chekomputa chinonzwisisa ma URL (mawebhu kero) uye rutsigiro rweHTTP (iyo protocol inoshandiswa nemabhurawuza kuwana mapeji ewebhu). Kuwana kune zviwanikwa zve server kunoitwa nekunyora zita rezita kana kero ye IP mubrowser bar.
Iyo yekutanga mashandiro mashandiro anotevera. Chero nguva iyo mushandisi paanoda kuona peji rinogarwa pawebhu webhu, bhurawuza rinokumbira iyo peji kuburikidza neHTTP. Kana chikumbiro chasvika pane chaiyo dura rewebhu (Hardware), iyo HTTP server (software) inogamuchira chikumbiro, inowana iro rakakumbirwa peji kana mhosho meseji kana zvisiri, uye inoratidza mhedzisiro zvakare uchishandisa iyo HTTP protocol.
Seva dzewebhu dzinogona kuve dzemhando mbiri:
- Static: Iyo komputa ine server yeHTTP inoratidza webhusaiti sekuiswa kwayakaitwa.
- Dynamic: Iyo software yakaturikidzana ine iyo yakadzika webhu server pamwe nekuwedzera software senge sevha yekushandisa uye injini yedhatabhesi. Iyo sevha yekushandisa inovandudza mafaira akachengetwa usati waatumira iwo kubhurawuza kuburikidza neHTTP server.
Seva dzewebhu hadzingotumire zvirimo, vanogona zvakare kuzvigamuchira. Iyi ndiyo mamiriro emawebhusaiti anosanganisira mabasa senge mafomu kana kurodha faira.
Kuvandudza kudyidzana kwevashandisi nemawebhusaiti, mazhinji maseva ane rutsigiro rwekugadziridza mitauro iyo inobvumira mashandiro senge kutumira mafomu neemail, kuita masvomhu mashandiro, kuita mabasa ekutsvaga, nezvimwe.
Zvinoenderana nenhamba dziripo, 80% yemapeji eInternet anomhanya achishandisa open source webhu server.
Iyo chinzvimbo cheayo mashanu anonyanya kushandiswa webhu seva anogoverwa seinotevera
- Apache 37,2%
- Nginx 32,4%
- Cloudflare (muridzi) 15,0%
- Microsoft IIS (inobata) 7,3%
- LiteSpeed 6,8%
Vhura sosi yewebhu maseva. Dzimwe sarudzo
Apache HTTP Server
Nenhoroondo yemakore makumi maviri nesere kumashure kwake, sevha yakavimbika Iyo ine shanduro dzeLinux, Windows uye Mac. Iyo inovakwa uchishandisa modular architecture inobvumira mabasa kuti awedzerwe sezvaanodiwa.
Iyo ine zvakakwana zvinyorwa uye nekuda kweayo zera uye kufarirwa iyo webhu izere nematidziro ekuti ungaigadzirise sei.
NGINX
Yakagadzirirwa kutsigira akawanda akabatana panguva imwe chete kubatana, kushandirwar inovakwa uchishandisa chiitiko-chinotungamirwa asynchronous akitekicha. ndinoziva inozivikanwa nekushandisa kwayo zvakanaka zviwanikwa uye nekuve nyore kutyisa.
lighttpd
Seva iyi inozivikanwa ne mashandisiro ayo epasi ekurangarira, yakaderera kudiwa pane CPU zviwanikwa uye nekukurumidza kuuraya. Iyo zvakare yakagadzirirwa neyakavakirwa kupindura kuzviitiko uye inotsigira akawanda akabatana panguva imwe chete kubatana.
Lighthttpd web server ine rutsigiro rwe FastCGI, SCGI, Auth, compression outbound, uye url kunyora zvakare
Caddy 2
Uno yezvirongwa zvitsva, zvakanyorwa uchishandisa GO mutauro uye imzvinokanganisa kune iyo HTTPS protocol saka hapana chikonzero chekuita chero chinhu kuisa uye kuvandudza SSL zvitupa. Yayo chengetedzo mutemo inoita kuti isanyanya kutambura nePamoyo-mhando-kurwiswa.
Sezvo iwe haufanire kushandisa Yekutambira OS maraibhurari inogona kuiswa isina kunetseka nezve matambudziko ekutsamira.
Iyo software kune avo vanoda kusafanirwa kunetseka nezve marongero. Kana iwe uchida kuchinjika, iwe uchafanirwa kutarisa kumwe kunhu.