Nyamavhuvhu 25, 1991, mushure memwedzi mishanu yebudiriro, mudzidzi wemakore makumi maviri nerimwe, Linus Torvalds, yakaziviswa pane teleconference comp.os.minix kuti muenzaniso wekushanda wakanga wapera yeiyo itsva yekushandisa system linux, porting bash 1.08 uye gcc 1.40.
Nenzira iyi yaizove nekusaziva yekutanga kuburitswa pachena kweLinux kernel iyo yakaitwa musi waSeptember 17. Kernel 0.0.1 yakatsikirirwa kuita 62 KB uye yaive yakatenderedza mitsara gumi yekodhi yekodhi, iyo kusiyana neshanduro yazvino, Linux kernel yemazuva ano ine anopfuura mamirioni makumi matatu emitsara yekodhi.
Iyo Linux kernel yakafemerwa neiyo MINIX inoshanda sisitimu, izvo zvaisaenderana naLinus nerezinesi rake ranga rakaganhurwa. Zvadaro, apo Linux yakava chirongwa chinozivikanwa, vadzivisi akaedza kupomera Linus mhosva yekukopa zvakananga kodhi yemamwe ma subsystems MINIX.
Kurwiswa uku kwakadzoserwa naAndrew Tanenbaum, munyori weMINIX, uyo akapa mudzidzi basa rekuita kuenzanisa kwakadzama kweMinix kodhi uye yekutanga vhezheni yeruzhinji yeLinux. Mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi yakaratidza kuvepo kwemane madiki kodhi machisi evhavha, nekuda kwePOSIX uye ANSI C zvinodiwa.
Linus pakutanga akafunga kutumidza kernel Freax, kubva pamashoko okuti "mahara", "freak" uye X (Unix). Asi zita rekuti "Linux" rakapihwa kernel naAri Lemmke, uyo, pakukumbira kwaLinus, akaisa kernel paFTP server yeyunivhesiti, achitumidza dhairekitori nefaira kwete "freax", sezvakakumbirwa naTorvalds, asi "linux".
Zvinokosha kuziva kuti muzvinabhizinesi aishambadzira William Della Croce akakwanisa kunyoresa mucherechedzo weLinux uye aida kuunganidza mari nekufamba kwenguva, asi akazochinja pfungwa dzake ndokuendesa kodzero dzese kuchiratidzo kuna Linus. Iyo mascot yepamutemo yeLinux kernel, iyo penguin Tux, yakasarudzwa semhedzisiro yemakwikwi akaitwa muna 1996 uye ane zita rekuti Tux rinomiririra Torvalds UniX.
Kana ari nhoroondo yekukura kwe kernel, tinogovana zvishoma zvacho:
- Svondo 1991: Linux 0.0.1, yekutanga kuburitswa neruzhinji inongotsigira i386 CPU uye bhutsu kubva kufloppy disk.
Ndira 1992: Linux 0.12, kodhi yakatanga kugoverwa pasi peGPLv2 rezinesi - Kurume 1992: Linux 0.95, yakapa kugona kumhanyisa iyo X Window System, rutsigiro rwechokwadi ndangariro uye kupatsanura, uye yekutanga SLS neYggdrasil kugoverwa kwakaonekwa.
- Muzhizha ra1993, iyo Slackware uye Debian mapurojekiti akavakwa.
Kurume 1994: Linux 1.0, yekutanga yakagadzika vhezheni.
Kurume 1995: Linux 1.2, kuwedzera kwakakura muhuwandu hwevatyairi, rutsigiro rweAlpha, MIPS uye mapuratifomu ePSARC, kuwedzerwa kweiyo network stack kugona, kutaridzika kwepaketi firita, rutsigiro rweNFS. - Chikumi 1996: Linux 2.0, rutsigiro rwema multiprocessor masisitimu.
- Ndira 1999: Linux 2.2, yakawedzera memory management system kunyatsoshanda, yakawedzera rutsigiro rwe IPv6, kuiswa kweye new firewall, yakaunza nyowani ruzha subsystem
- Febrero de 2001: Linux 2.4, inotsigira 8-processor masisitimu uye 64 GB ye RAM, Ext3 faira system, USB, ACPI rutsigiro.
- Zvita 2003: Linux 2.6, SELinux rutsigiro, otomatiki kernel tuning maturusi, sysfs, yakagadziriswazve memory management system.
- MunaSeptember 2008, yekutanga vhezheni yeiyo Android chikuva inoenderana neLinux kernel yakaumbwa.
- Muna Chikunguru 2011, mushure memakore gumi ekuvandudza kwebazi re 10.x, iyo shanduko kuenda ku2.6x kuverenga yakaitwa.
- Uye 2015, Linux 4.0, iyo nhamba yezvinhu zvegit mune repository yasvika mamirioni.
- MunaEpril we2018, Ini ndinokunda chipingamupinyi chemamirioni matanhatu git-core zvinhu munzvimbo yekuchengetera.
- Muna Ndira 2019iyo Linux 5.0 kernel bazi rakaumbwa.
- Yakatumirwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 2020, tsanga 5.8 yakanga iri hombe maererano nenhamba yekushandurwa kwezviyo zvese panguva yehupenyu hweprojekti.
- Uye 2021, kodhi yekuvandudza vatyairi mumutauro weRust yakawedzerwa kubazi rinotevera reLinux kernel.
- Muna Nyamavhuvhu 2022, Linux kernel 6.0 bazi rakaumbwa, sezvo paiva neshanduro dzakakwana mubazi re 5.x kushandura nhamba yekutanga munhamba yeshanduro.