Yadda ake lilo a keɓance tare da kariya ta bin sawu

Bayan badakalar leken asiri da aka samu a shekarun baya, sirri da tsaro kamar sun zama na zamani. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka sake haifar da wasu kayan aikin da ke taimaka mana zirga-zirga cikin aminci ko inganta sirrinmu. Kusan duk abin da muke yi ana bibiyan sa, ko don riba ko don samun bayanai don siyarwa ga wasu kamfanoni. Wannan ba kawai yana faruwa ba yayin hawan igiyar ruwa, amma kuma lokacin da muke amfani da aikace-aikace ko wasa wasanni.

A cikin wannan labarin zamu yi ƙoƙari don yin cikakken koyawa kan yadda ake hawa yanar gizo ta hanyar da ta fi aminci da ta sirri. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar kawar da bin diddigi tare da wasu kayan aikin da dabarun da zamu gani a cikin darasin. Ka tuna cewa akan hanyar sadarwar akwai hanyoyi da yawa na bi don aiwatar da wani cikakken kulawa da cikakken motsi, ba kawai ta hanyar tarihi ko cookies ba, amma da ƙari sosai.

Gabatarwa da manufofin asali

Bin da muka gabatar akan hanyar sadarwar, wani nau'i ne na bin sawu wanda ake amfani dashi don dalilai daban-daban. Misali, shafukan yanar gizo suna amfani da kukis don sanin inda kayi bincike a baya ko kuma kamfanonin talla (Google da kanta) don bayar da tallace-tallace daidai da bincikenka. Shin kun taɓa lura cewa idan kukayi bincike akan Google, kowa "cikin al'ajabi" yana bayyana tallace-tallace masu alaƙa da wannan binciken akan shafukan yanar gizon da kuka samu dama daga baya?

Misali, idan kuna Google "talabijin", mai yuwuwa, idan kun sami dama ga kowane gidan yanar gizo, komai shi, tallan ko wani bangare daga cikinsu za a jagoranta don siyar da talabijin. Wannan ingantaccen tallan yana da tasiri sosai kuma an keɓance shi ga kowane mai amfani, yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako. Amma don wannan ya yiwu, tsarin talla dole ne ya san bincikenka ko tarihin bincikenka.

Wani misali da muke da shi a ciki bin yanar gizo, saka idanu wanda yanar gizo da muke shiga ta keyi kuma inda aka rubuta bayanai kamar lokacin samun dama, asali, masarrafar da muke amfani da ita, tsarin aiki da muka samu, da sauransu. Wannan na iya taimaka wa masu gudanarwa da masu kula da gidan yanar gizo, amma kuma yana ɗauka cewa ana raba bayanai ba tare da yardar ku ba, tunda ba ku da wata yar ƙaramar damar ƙi raba ta.

Kukis wani batun ne, kuma a kwanan nan an canza manufofin su kuma wataƙila kun lura cewa lokacin shiga yanar gizo da yawa saƙo ya bayyana cewa dole ne ku yarda ko rufe game da manufofin kuki na shafin. A cokkie ko cookie, ƙaramin fayil ne mai bayanai na mai amfani wanda mai binciken ya adana saboda yanar gizo zata iya tuntuɓar ayyukan da mai amfani ya gabata. Ana amfani dasu duka don sarrafa masu amfani, tattara bayanai akan halayen bincike, da sauransu. Mafi haɗari sune waɗanda aka raba tare da wasu kamfanoni kuma waɗanda ake amfani dasu don tallata kamar yadda muka faɗa a sakin layi na baya.

Kuma kamar wannan bai isa ba, ba mu daina barin bayanai game da mu ba a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar jama'a, da sauran bayanan yanar gizo. Kusan muna lissafin rayuwarmu kuma muna tabbatar da shi ta hanyar hotuna, muna faɗin abin da muke yi a kowane lokaci, wanda muke tare da shi, inda muke, cikakken sunaye, har ma da tarihin likita. Bayanai masu mahimmanci waɗanda za a iya amfani dasu da ƙeta akan mu. Kamar a cikin finafinan bincike, duk abin da kuka faɗi za a iya amfani da ku ...

Gwamnati ko ISPs (Masu samar da Intanet kamar Telefónica, Vodafone, Ono, Jazztel, Orange, ...) suna da cikakken tarihin duk bincikenmu, sun san abin da muke yi kuma kawai suna tuntuɓar tarihin da aka yi rajista a kan sabobin don sanin abin da muke yi , koda kuwa mun share keken tarihinmu, cookies, da sauransu. Wannan shine abin da wasu jihohi ke amfani dashi don yaƙar fashin teku, tunda ISP na iya sani idan kun sami damar shiga yanar gizo ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ko amfani da BitTorrent, aMule ko makamancin shirye shiryen saukarwa ...

Akwai ma kamfanoni ko wasu kamfanoni waɗanda suka haɗa da lamba a kan kowane rukunin yanar gizon don zubar da bayanan da ISPs ko gwamnatoci ke da damar yin amfani da su sannan a yi da su…. menene? A ƙarshe, kawar da hanyarmu ta intanet abu ne mai wahala Kuma kodayake akwai kamfanonin da suka sadaukar da kansu ga wannan, banyi tsammanin abu ne mai sauƙi ba ko sauƙi a yi shi don takamaiman mai amfani ba tare da babban ilimi ba. Sabili da haka, zamu yi ƙoƙari mu bar ƙananan alama yadda zai yiwu kuma wannan shine abin da wannan labarin yake game da shi, kodayake bai kamata mu zama masu zafin rai ba, amma saboda ɗabi'a da ɗabi'a, muna da haƙƙin sirrinmu.

Anti-tracking da kuma bayanin tsare sirri

Zamuyi bayanin jerin mafita don kaucewa bin sawu da kuma yawo a yanar gizo sosai ba tare da suna ba. Kamar yadda kuka gani a cikin sashin da ya gabata, sirrin rayuwa babu a kan yanar gizo, amma zamu iya yin wani abu don zama ɗan rashin sani. Zamu bayyana daga mafi inganci kuma mafi ƙarancin matakai zuwa mafi inganci da tasiri.

Share cookies

Magani mai sauki shine share kukis da tarihinmu duk lokacin da muka rufe burauzar mu, wannan zai taimaka mana. Wasu masu bincike, irin su Safari a kan na'urorin Apple ko Internet Explorer na Microsoft, ba su da zaɓuɓɓuka don share kukis kai tsaye yayin fita, duk da cewa suna da zaɓi don share su da hannu. Wannan baya damu damu da yawa, tunda gidanmu shine Linux kuma bamuyi amfani da waɗannan masu binciken ba. Don share kukis:

• Google Chrome / Chromium: je zuwa Saituna, danna "Nuna zaɓuɓɓukan ci gaba", sannan je sashin Sirri kuma danna maɓallin Saitunan Abun ciki. A can ne muke canza zaɓi na Cookies zuwa "Ajiye bayanan gida har sai na rufe mai binciken."
• Mozilla Firefox da Kalam: muna zuwa Zaɓuɓɓukan Zaɓuɓɓuka, muna latsa shafin sirri, a cikin ɓangaren Tarihi, mun zaɓi "Saitunan keɓaɓɓu" kuma mun canza zaɓi don adana kukis zuwa "Har sai na rufe Firefox".

Yanayin Incognito

Duk Google Chrome da Mozilla Firefox, da sauran masu bincike da muke amfani dasu akan Linux, suna ba da yanayin ɓoye-ɓoye ko bincike na sirri. Da wannan muke cimma wani abu makamancin wanda aka bayyana a sashin da ya gabata, ma'ana, cewa rukunin yanar gizon basu da damar samun takaddun shaidarmu kuma ba a adana alamunmu a cikin tarihi ba. Amma dole ne a bayyana cewa wannan ba yana nufin cewa hanyar wucewa ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa ba a santa ba. A gare shi:

• Google Chrome / Chromium: Muna zuwa menu na Kayan aiki kuma danna kan «Sabon taga da ba a sani ba», wannan zai buɗe sabon taga tare da wannan hanyar mafi aminci ta yin bincike. Hakanan akwai gajeriyar hanyar maɓalli ta danna maɓallan Ctrl + Shift + N.
• Mozilla Firefox da Kalam: a Firefox da sauransu, ba a kiran shi yanayin ɓoye-ɓoye, amma "Binciken Keɓaɓɓu". Muna zuwa menu na Kayan aiki sannan mun danna «Sabuwar taga mai zaman kansa». Idan kanaso gajerar hanya, latsa Ctrl + Shift + P.

Firefox Anti-Bin-sawu

Mozilla kamfani ne wanda koyaushe ke kula da software kyauta da sirri da bukatun masu amfani. Saboda wannan dalili, suna ci gaba da aiki, wani lokacin akan kowa da kuma tare da tarin matsaloli, don yin bincike a zaman sirri kuma mai aminci kamar yadda zai yiwu. Firefox daga na 43 shima yana haɗa hanyar toshewa don bin sahun ɓangare na uku. Yana amfani da jerin tsoffin da Disconnect.me ya bayar, kodayake ana iya canza shi.

Amma ga kunna anti-tracking kariya, dole ne mu je menu na kayan aiki, sannan zuwa Zabi, da Sirri, don kunna "Faɗa wa shafuka kada su bi ku" da "Yi amfani da kariya daga bin saiti a cikin fa'idodi masu zaman kansu". Don canza jerin abubuwan toshewa, za mu iya zuwa menu na Kayan aiki (kun sani, sanduna uku na sama a dama), Zabi, sannan zuwa Sirrin, "Maɓallin Lissafin Canjin" kuma zaɓi jerin toshewar da muke so. Muna adana canje-canje kuma muna karɓa. Zai fara aiki bayan sake kunna Firefox.

Ganawa

Akwai add-ons na duka Chrome (Chromium) da Firefox (da abubuwan ban sha'awa), waɗanda zamu iya girkawa daga kantin toshe-da kuma ƙarawa wanda waɗannan masu binciken biyu suka bayar. Girkawa mai sauƙi ce, muna samun dama ga Shagon burauzarmu kuma tare da injin bincike muna neman tsawo da muke so sannan danna maɓallin ƙarawa ko shigarwa. Ya game ƙari waɗanda zasu taimaka mana kiyaye sirrinmu:

• Adblock: ana ba da shawarar sosai don toshe tallace-tallace, don haka ba kawai muna guje wa tallace-tallace na ɓacin rai da ke ɓata lokacinmu ba, amma kuma guje wa sa ido kan wasu shafuka da maɓallan zamantakewar.
• Ghostery: Yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda aka fi so, kuma kodayake ta tsoho ba ya toshe shafuka kuma dole ne ku saita su, yana da tasiri sosai. Da shi muke gujewa ba da bayanai ga wasu kamfanoni lokacin da muke nema.
• Rariya ba ka damar toshewa da duba ƙididdigar shafukan da aka katange don kiyaye waƙa. Kodayake yana da zaɓuɓɓuka kaɗan kamar Ghostery, yana da tasiri sosai, kodayake yana iya zama m lokacin rufe taga ...
• Kada a Biɗa Plusari: Ba shi da amfani sosai, amma yana da kyau a guji cewa rukunin yanar gizon ba sa bin mu ko bin mu. Nace ba shi da amfani saboda komai ya dogara da wanda ya bayar da tallan, tunda daidai wadanda ba su da matsala za a toshe su kuma ba za a toshe masu cutarwa ba ...
• NoScript: Yana toshe rubutu ko lambobin yanar gizo, yana da tasiri sosai, amma yana iya hana abubuwa da kayan aiki da yanar gizo suke bamu, saboda yana toshe abun ciki a JavaScript da Java, saboda haka yana da tsattsauran ra'ayi.
• Cire: Abu ne mai sauqi ka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar sauqinsa, kuma ya yi kama da Ghostery ko DoNotTrackMe, kodayake yana da fa'ida, kuma dama ce ta tilasta HTTPS a kan dukkan shafukan yanar gizo don inganta tsaro.

Tor da VPNs

Amma idan muna son ɗaukar ƙarin ƙwarewar sana'a don neman keɓancewa, to dole ne muyi amfani da hanyoyi masu tsauri. Kuma ɗayan mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka shine Tor da Tor Browser (dangane da Firefox). Kodayake za mu iya daidaita Chrome da Firefox, ban da sauran masu bincike don amfani da Tor, yana iya zama da sauƙi a yi amfani da Tor Browser kai tsaye, tunda yana da fasalin da aka gyara na Firefox don daidaita shi da Tor kuma tare da wasu hanyoyin magance sa ido masu ban sha'awa.

Kodayake Tor ma za a iya kai mu zurfin zurfin yanar gizo (Ka tuna cewa hanyar sadarwar kamar dusar kankara ce take, kuma idan ka bincika Google da sauran injunan bincike, wannan babbar duniya tana wakiltar ƙarshen dutsen kankara ne kawai, amma akwai nutsuwa sosai a cikin wannan zurfin Intanet ɗin da ba dukkanmu muke da damar zuwa ba tare da Tor), hanyar sadarwa mai duhu inda zaka iya samun manyan abubuwa da munanan abubuwa, ba lallai bane ka shiga cikin matsala idan ba ka so. Amma hey, wannan wani batun ne wanda ba zamu shiga ...

Yin amfani da Tor gabaɗaya na iya zama da damuwa, amma yana iya dacewa sosai da kewaya ba tare da an bi diddigi ba a takamaiman lokaci. Sauran zaɓin shine a yi amfani da VPN (Virtual Private Network) ko Virtual Private Network, wanda aka ɓoye hanyoyin kuma zai zama rashin fahimta ga ɓangare na uku har ma da ISP. Kamar dai munyi wani sirri ne akan Intanet, ramin VPN wanda zamu iya samu tare da wasu hanyoyi masu sauƙi don ƙirƙirar VPNs kamar Astrill (yana da arha kuma yana da shirin biyan kuɗi na wata kusan $ 6, ba tare da iyakokin saukarwa da yawa ba). Kodayake wannan yana nuna cewa wasu kwamfutocin da ke cikin ko tare da samun damar wannan hanyar sadarwar ne kawai zasu iya gani.

Sabili da haka, yana da rahusa kuma mafi amfani don amfani Tor, kamar yadda yake buɗewa ce kuma kyauta, tare da duk abin da muke nema. Don shigarwa da kunna shi akan Linux, bi waɗannan matakan:

• Zazzage shi daga wannan mahaɗin
• Yanzu muje zuwa directory saukarwa:

cd Descargas

• Mun kwance kwando, alal misali:

tar -xvJf tor-browser-linux-64-5.0.2_LANG.tar.xz

cd tor-browser_en-US

• Yanzu mun girka, kodayake wannan na iya bambanta:

./TorBrowser

[/ lambar alawa]

• Bude Tor Browser kuma za ka ga cewa kamanninta har yanzu yana kama da Firefox, don haka ba za ka sami matsala amfani da shi ba. Idan kuna da Firewall mai aiki akan tsarinku, kuna so ku saita tashoshin jiragen ruwa don haɗi daga Saitunan Gidan yanar gizon Tor. Hakanan zaka iya saita amfani da sabin wakili da sauran zaɓuɓɓukan ci gaba idan kuna buƙata. Kuma kar a manta, kasancewar akan Firefox, yana iya aiki tare da ƙari, don haka zaku iya shigar da waɗanda muka gani a baya, misali NoScript ...

Kar ka manta da barin maganganunku tare da shakka, gudummawa, da dai sauransu.