Yadda ake girka Linux akan SSD

Idan ka tuna ‘yan shekarun baya, lokacin da suka fara kasuwa na farko SATA rumbun kwamfutarka kuma tsarin aiki bai hada da direbobi ko direbobi ba don wannan nau'ikan mahaɗan, shigar da tsarin aiki a ɗayan waɗannan rumbun kwamfutocin ya ma fi rikitarwa fiye da na IDE ko PATA rumbun kwamfutoci. A waɗancan lokuta, lokacin da aka shigar da tsarin, ana buƙatar ƙarin direba a ɗora a kan diski na floppy ko kafofin watsa labarai na waje don tsarin shigarwar zai iya gane rumbun kwamfutar da za a sanya OS ɗin a kai.

Haka abin ya kasance ga rumbun kwamfutoci na SCSI, kodayake waɗannan ba su da farin jini sosai a cikin kwamfutocin gida tun da daɗewa, saboda sun ɗan fi tsada. A wannan yanayin, an bi hanya iri ɗaya, ana ƙarawa ƙarin direbobi. Duk wannan ya canza lokacin da tsarin aiki ya fara asali don haɗawa da masu kula da SATA kamar yadda sukayi IDE / PATA kuma babu ƙarin matakan da za a yi.

Amma yanzu, mun sami matsala irin wannan lokacin girkawa sabuwar madogara mai wuya ko SSD a cikin tsarin aiki. Ba na magana ne game da waɗancan rumbun kwamfutar ta SSD tare da hanyar SATA ba, a cikin wannan yanayin babu matsala idan muna amfani da SSOOs na yanzu. A wani bangaren, idan muka yi amfani da wani karin tsari na '' waje '' wanda bashi da tallafi na asali a wannan lokacin, dole ne mu kara irin wannan karin direbobin yayin shigar da tsarin aiki a kwamfutar mu, in ba haka ba ba zata iya ganewa ba matsakaiciyar ajiya.

Da kyau, idan kuna son sanin yadda ake ci gaba shigar da GNU / Linux da kuka fi so A cikin dukkan waɗannan nau'ikan kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya tare da maɓamai daban-daban, a nan za mu nuna muku duk abin da ya kamata ku sani, tun da yana da matsala da ke fara damuwa kuma za ta yi haka har ma da ƙari da kaɗan irin wannan rumbun kwamfutocin suka fara baza ta kasuwa. Koyaya, dole ne in guji samar da ƙararrawa, tunda waɗannan direbobin za a aiwatar da su ta asali a cikin sabbin sigar ...

Me yakamata in sani tukunna?

Ka tuna cewa a cikin wannan jagorar, na gabatar da aikin da zai iya aiki ga mafi yawan shari'o'in lokacin da rarrabawar ta ɗan girme kuma kar a aiwatar da nau'in direban da ake buƙata don irin wannan rumbun kwamfutocin ko tunanin. Amma ya kamata ku sani cewa a cikin sabon juzu'in, babu babbar matsala tare dashi kuma zaku iya girka ba tare da matsala mai yawa ba ...

Ina ba ku shawarar ku fara gwadawa ta hanyar hanya ta al'ada, kuma idan kuna da matsala, to ku aiwatar da waɗannan hanyoyin gwargwadon yanayin ku ... Idan har yanzu ba ku sayi rumbun kwamfutarka ba, ga zaɓi na mafi kyawun SSDs don ku zaɓi wanda ya fi dacewa da bukatunku.

Game da shigarwar Windows, da alama dai a wasu lokuta dole ne a ɗora wa direbobi wani abu daga mai sakawa daga mai sakawa, lokacin da za a yi bangarorin, tunda a wasu lokuta ba za a iya gano faifai mai ƙarfi ba (bear Ka lura cewa idan kana da DVD na girkawa na Windows 10, ba za a sabunta shi ba ...). Amma akan Linux, yayin da ake aiwatar da direbobi tare da sabbin abubuwan kwaya, wannan ba lallai bane. Saboda haka, akan Linux na fi mai da hankali kan aikin, ma'ana, Me muke yi ba daidai ba don kada ya yi aiki idan ya kamata ya yi aiki?

Sanya GNU / Linux akan Intel Optane:

Intel Optane asali yana hanzarta SSD ɗinka, kodayake kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman matsakaiciyar ajiya kuma wannan biyun shine wanda zai iya gabatar da matsala, gwargwadon abin da muke son amfani dashi a cikin Linux ... Wato, a farkon lamarin zai zama wani abin adanawa wanda aka sanya akan kwamfutar tsakanin babban SSD ko HDD da kuma babban memorin. Wannan yana ba da damar shigar da bayanan da ake buƙata a cikin wannan maɓallin kuma ana iya samun damarsu da sauri. Da wannan na bayyana karara cewa distro din mu, bisa manufa, ba lallai bane mu girka shi akan Intel Octant, amma a kan matsakaicin ajiya da muke da shi, ko dai SATA, ko ɗayan masu zuwa da muke nunawa a ɓangarori na gaba.

Watau, Optane zai zama wani nau'in ƙwaƙwalwa DRAM, kamar babban ko RAM, kawai cewa ba mai canzawa bane, kyale bayanai su sami damar dorewa ba tare da an goge su ba idan kuma aka daina kawowa kamar yadda yake faruwa da RAM. Amma abin takaici ba gaskiya bane yayin shigar da tsarin aiki kuma zamu iya fuskantar matsaloli yayin ƙoƙarin shigar da distro ɗinmu da kansa ko a dualboot tare da Windows ...

Don komai yayi aiki yadda yakamata, dole ne ya zama yana da direba na Intel Optane da kuma ɗan kwaya da ke tallafawa Intel Rapid Storage Technology ko Farashin Intel RST. Saboda haka, babu matsala kuma zaku ci gaba kamar yadda aka saba. Yanzu, wannan bai gama shirya ba tukuna kuma direbobi na yanzu basu riga sun gyaru ba kuma basu isa duk ɓarnar ba, tunda da farko kawai ya dace da Windows. Don haka idan kuna da distro wanda baya tallafinta har yanzu kuma idan kun sami kanku kuna shirya sabon shigarwa kuma saboda wannan dalili baya aiki yadda yakamata, zaku iya musaki Intel Optane a cikin BIOS / UEFI. A gare shi:

1. Samun damar zuwa BIOS / UEFI (yawanci ta latsa mabuɗin Share a farawa, ko wasu maɓallan kamar F2, F3, ... ya dogara da alama)
2. Duba cikin shafikan menu don zaɓi na AHCI da Intel RST
3. Yana hanawa Intel RST / Optane da canje-canje zuwa AHCI.
4. Da zarar kayi, danna F10 kuma ajiye canje-canje kafin ka fita, ko gungura zuwa shafin Ajiye & Fita ka ajiye sannan ka fita daga menu daga can.
5. Yanzu injin yana sake farawa tare da wannan daidaitawa, kuma idan ya kasance ɗayan waɗannan tsoffin rikicewar da basu bari ku ba gano rumbun kwamfutarka Saboda Optane, yanzu zai gano shi.

A halin yanzu, ana iya amfani dashi tare da tsari ZFS, amma ina tsammanin wannan zai canza tsawon lokaci… Lura cewa Intel Optane ba fasaha ba ce ga talakawa, amma ƙari don amfani da kasuwanci. Don haka ƙila ba ku damu da shi ba sosai.

Idan kuna ƙoƙarin sanya kowane bangare Saka azaman / taya a cikin Intel Octane kuma baya aiki, kodayake bisa ka'idar datarka tana goyan bayanta, duba littafin mahaifiyarka. Akwai wasu da suke da ramuka da yawa don wannan nau'in SSD amma zasu iya taya daga ɗaya kawai. Bincika cewa yana cikin madaidaicin madaidaiciyar da mahaifiyar ku ta ba da damar amfani da shi azaman matsakaicin matsakaici. Wani zaɓi shine sanya / taya akan wata rumbun kwamfutarka kuma a kan matsayin SSD / gida ko duk abin da kuke so. Kuma har ma da amfani da LVM idan ba ku da isasshen sarari don faɗaɗa ikonta sama da ... 

Ta wannan hanyar, bai kamata mu samu ba matsaloli kwata-kwata. A hanyar, kadan-kadan Optane yana kaiwa sama da Windows, kuma hargitsi zai dace. Kun riga kun san cewa SUSE na ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka fara ba da sanarwar goyan baya ga yarjejeniya da Intel na SLES, kuma kun riga kun san cewa waɗannan nau'ikan direbobin suma ɓangaren ƙwaya ne, don haka babu abin da zai hana a amfani da su a cikin wasu .. .

Sanya GNU / Linux akan M.2 SSD:

Shigar da rarraba Linux a kan M.2 SSD Ba shi da ɗan matsala fiye da na Optane, tunda a wannan yanayin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ce wacce ta zama sananne ga kwamfutoci na kowane nau'i, gami da waɗanda muke amfani da su a gida. Wannan nau'in rumbun kwamfutar ya yi daidai da SATA SSD, kawai keɓaɓɓiyar hanyar sadarwa ko fasahar da aka yi amfani da ita ta bambanta, sabili da haka saurin canja wurin bayanai da aiki.

Ka tuna cewa M.2 wani nau'i ne na nau'i, kuma waɗannan rumbun kwamfutar na iya zama duka SATA da NVMe. A halin kasancewa SATA babu matsala mafi girma da ta wuce ta HDD ko SSD ta yau da kullun, amma idan sun kasance NVMe zasu iya gabatar da wasu matsalolin.

Koyaya, wasu masu amfani sun ci karo baƙin allo ko matsaloli lokacin da suke farawa daga M.2 SSD lokacin da suka ɗauki bakuncin / boot bangare ko bootloader akan wannan nau'in na'urar ajiyar. Don warware su, zaku iya karanta waɗannan matakan:

1-Da alama kuna yin sa a cikin yanayin UEFI:

Idan kuna shigar da tsarin a ciki Yanayin UEFI, kuma ba tare da na asali ko Legacy BIOS ba, zaku iya gwada waɗannan masu zuwa:

1. Bincika cewa kuna rabuwa yadda yakamata, kamar waɗancan 100 MiB don ɓangaren UEFI a cikin tsarin FAT kuma kuna da madaidaicin matsayi. Kuna iya amfani da tsarin rabuwa na mai sakawa ko GParted don wannan. Ka tuna cewa Rarraba UEFI dole ne ya zama na farko.
2. Idan kun kwaya halin yanzu kuma mataki daya yayi, bai kamata ka sami matsala wajen aiki da M.2 ba.

2-Ace kana yin hakan ne a cikin BIOS ko Legacy (CSM):

1. Irƙiri bangare game da 1024 KiB a farkon rumbun kwamfutarka kuma sanya alama a matsayin BIOS Boot bangare. Kuna iya amfani da kayan aiki daban don wannan, kamar yadda na ambata a baya, kamar cgdisk, ko waɗanda aka ambata a sama.
2. Ci gaba tare da sauran ayyukan kuma yakamata suyi aiki yadda yakamata idan kwaya tana da direbobin tallafi masu dacewa. Af, idan sabuwar na'ura ce da kuka ƙara a cikin tsarin ko kuma kuna da shi GRUB an shigar, kuna buƙatar sake shigar da shi.

Idan babu ɗayan da ya yi aiki kuma har yanzu kuna da matsaloli, je zuwa sashin kan NVMe...

Sanya GNU / Linux akan PCI Express SSD:

Ya kamata ku sami damar kora ko shigar da tsarin a kan rumbun kwamfutarka PCIe SSD Babu matsala. Amma idan kun shiga wata matsala, zaku iya gwada wannan:

• Tabbatar cewa kai BIOS / UEFI (firmware) karɓar taya don irin wannan rukunin Abin takaici ba dukansu sukeyi ba, kodayake idan suna zamani dole ne su jure.
• Bincika idan tsarin yana farawa (ko ƙoƙari) kai tsaye daga wani SATA Hard disk da ke cikin tsarin maimakon tare da faifai na PCIe. A irin wannan yanayin, yana iya zama batun kawai na motsawa da fifiko taya a menu na BOOT na BIOS / UEFI saboda ya fara ɗaukar PCIe ...
• Sabunta GRUB kuma tare da umarnin sudo grup-sabuntawa.
• Gwada amfani da wani FS ko tsarin fayil, saboda wasu firmware na SSD ba kasafai suke goyan bayan ext4 da kyau ba. Gwada wani ko karanta littafin ka na SSD don gano irin tsarin da yake tallafawa.

Shigar GNU / Linux akan NVMe SSD:

A cikin hali na NVMe, Zai zama wani abu mai kama da abin da na fada a sashe na M.2, amma idan babu ɗayan da ya yi aiki a gare ku kuma har yanzu kuna da matsaloli, kodayake bai kamata ba idan sun kasance masu lalata zamani, zaku iya bin waɗannan ƙarin matakan. Don magance waɗannan matsalolin:

1. Bincika cewa BIOS / UEFI ɗinku suna amfani da daidaiton RAID maimakon AHCI tare da zabin na Kati mai tsabta naƙasassu Wasu zaɓuɓɓuka kamar Quick Boot na iya rikici… Fita da ajiye canje-canje.
2. Tare da shirye-shiryen kafofin watsa labarai, fara shigarwa al'ada. Ina maimaitawa, wannan yana ɗauka cewa kwayar ku tana tallafawa irin wannan fasaha kuma ba tsohuwar damuwa bane ...
3. A wasu yanayin, ya bayyana cewa wasu masu amfani sun kunna wani zaɓi a ciki GRUB. A cikin daidaitawarsa, a layin da wannan ya bayyana, sun ƙara zaɓi nvme_load = YES da nvd_load = YES, sannan kuma sun sabunta GRUB. Game da layin sanyi, ya kamata yayi kama da:
   GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT = »shiru fantsama nvme_load = YES nvd_load = YES»

Tare da waɗannan ƙananan gyare-gyare ya kamata aiki kuma ba haifar da matsala ba. Idan kayi amfani da kowane irin SSD, zaka iya shigar da bangare na EFI, / boot, / SWAP, da / akan SSD da / gida akan matsakaitan ajiya kamar HDD ko wani SSD na ƙananan saurin da kake dashi akan kwamfutarka ... Af, ka sani cewa wannan nau'in diski yana bayyana kamar / dev / nvme (nvme0n1, nvme0n1p1, ...) akan tsarin, kuma ba kamar na al'ada / dev / sda ko / dev / sdb, da sauransu ba.

Magani na gaba ɗaya:

Na sake nace cewa idan muka yi amfani da shahararren rarrabawa, tare da ingantaccen kwaya kuma muna da direbobin da suka dace, SSD na kowane nau'i bazai zama matsala ga Linux ba. Don haka, mafi kyawun zaɓi don yin yaƙi tare da waɗannan nau'ikan matsalolin shine ƙoƙari don shigar da mafi kyawun sigar distro ɗin da kuka fi so. Idan kwamfutarka tana da SSD yana nufin yakamata ya zama komputa mai ƙarancin aiki na yau da kullun, don haka babu wani dalili da yawa don amfani da tsoffin distro ...

Ina fatan ya kasance taimako a gare ku. Kar ka manta da barin naka comentarios...