XiangShan, mai sarrafa RISC-V na China wanda ya zarce Cortex-A75

'Yan kwanaki da suka gabata an gabatar da Cibiyar Fasahar Ba da Bayani ta kwalejin kimiyya ta kasar Sin aikin XiangShan, wanda ke haɓaka tun daga shekarar 2020 wani babban mai bude aiki wanda ya dogara da koyarwar RISC-V (RV64GC) wanda aka tsara tsarin gine-gine kuma wanda aikinsa ya kusanci saurin SiFive's latest Performance P550 core.

A cewar masu haɓaka, RISC-V mahimmin tushen Xiangshan CPU zai zama sananne sosai daga cikin masu tsara kayan sarrafawa kamar Linux don tsarin aiki. Za a samar da Xiangshan ta hanyar amfani da fasaha ta hanyar 28nm ta Taiwan ta TSMC (sai dai in Amurka ta sanya takunkumi) kuma wannan zai zama ƙarni na farko da aka sanya wa suna Lake Lake.

RISC-V yana ba da tsarin koyar da inji mai buɗaɗɗe hakan yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar microprocessors don aikace-aikacen son zuciya ba tare da buƙatar sarauta ko sanya ƙa'idodin amfani ba. RISC-V yana baka damar ƙirƙirar buɗe SoCs da masu sarrafawa.

A halin yanzu, bisa ga takamaiman bayanin RISC-V, kamfanoni da al'ummomi da yawa a ƙarƙashin lasisi daban-daban na kyauta (BSD, MIT, Apache 2.0) suna haɓaka nau'ikan bambance-bambancen dozin da dama waɗanda aka riga aka samar da ƙwayoyin microprocessor, SoCs da kwakwalwan kwamfuta.

Game da XiangShan

Wannan aikin an buga shi a ƙarƙashin bayanin tubalin kayan masarufi a cikin harshen Chisel, wanda aka fassara zuwa Verilog, aiwatar da tunani bisa ga FPGA da hotuna don yin kwatancen aikin guntu a cikin na'urar kwaikwayo ta Verilog ta buɗe.

“Kodayake babban burinmu na ci gaba shine ya dace da [Cortex-] A76, har yanzu yana kan ci gaba. Muna buƙatar ingantawar amfani da ƙasa-da-ƙasa. Dalilin ci gaba mai sauri ba shine ya wuce wani kusurwa ba. Kwarewar da Intel da Arm suka tara tsawon shekaru, dole ne kuma mu tattara sannu a hankali.

Hakanan ana samun tsari da kwatancen gine-gine (sama da takardu 400 da layin lambobi dubu 50 a cikin duka), amma yawancin takaddun suna cikin Sinanci, kuma ana amfani da Debian azaman tsarin aiki na tunani don gwada aiwatar da FPGA.

XiangShan ya yi ikirarin cewa shi ne mafi girman wasan RISC-V, wanda ya fi SiFive P550 kyau. An shirya gwajin FPGA a wannan watan da sunan lamba "Yankin Lake" sigar nau'ikan samfurin 8 ne wanda ke aiki a kan 1,3 GHz kuma ana kerashi a TSMC ta amfani da fasahar aiwatarwa daga 28 nm.

Bao ya ce, "Muna fata cewa XiangShan zai iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru 30," in ji Bao, wanda aka fassara, a cikin wani gabatarwa na kwanan nan game da aikin. “Mun yi yarjejeniyar sake haduwa cikin shekaru 30 sannan mu ga yadda XiangShan zai zama. Koyaya, don tabbatar da wannan fata, har yanzu akwai matsaloli da kalubale da yawa waɗanda suke buƙatar warwarewa.

Chip ya hada da ma'ajin 2MB, Mai kula da ƙwaƙwalwa tare da goyon baya ga ƙwaƙwalwar DDR4 (har zuwa 32 GB na RAM) da kuma haɗin PCIe-3.0-x4.

Aikin guntu na farko a cikin ma'aunin SPEC2006 an kiyasta shi a 7 / Ghz, wanda ya dace da ARM Cortex-A72 da Cortex-A73 kwakwalwan kwamfuta.

Bao ya ce "Tsarin kere-kere da tsarin da muka gina a baya suna tallafawa wata kungiyar ci gaba ta mutane sama da 20, wanda hakan bai isa ba." "Abin da ya kamata mu yi la’akari da shi a yanzu shi ne yadda za mu gina wasu daidaitattun hanyoyin budewa da budewa wadanda za su iya tallafawa ci gaban bude tushen jama’a na mutane 2000.”

A ƙarshen shekara, ana shirin samar da samfuri na biyu "Kudancin Kudancin" tare da ingantaccen gine-gine, wanda SMIC za ta samar dashi tare da fasahar aiwatarwa ta 14nm da kuma saurin ƙaruwa zuwa 2 GHz.

Samfurin na biyu ana tsammanin samun nasarar aikin 10 / Ghz akan ma'aunin SPEC2006, wanda yake kusa da kayan aikin ARM Cortex-A76 da Intel Core i9-10900K, kuma ya fi SiFive P550, RISC-V CPU mafi sauri a 8.65 / Ghz.

A ƙarshe, idan kuna da sha'awar sanin game da shi, kuna iya tuntuɓar lambar tushe na XiangShan, wanda aka buga a ƙarƙashin MulanPSL2, akan GitHub.

Source: https://www.zhihu.com