ToaruOS, OS da aka rubuta daga karce tare da kwaya mai kama da Unix

Kwanan nan sakin sigar tsarin aiki mai kama da Unix «ToaruOS 2.0 ″, rubuta daga karce kuma samar da nata kwaya, bootloader, madaidaicin ɗakin karatu na C, mai sarrafa fakiti, abubuwan haɗin sararin mai amfani, da ƙirar hoto tare da mai sarrafa taga.

Wannan aikin ya fara a 2010 a Jami'ar Illinois kuma an fara haɓaka shi azaman aikin bincike a fagen ƙirƙirar sabbin mu'amalar zane-zane.

Tun daga 2012, An canza ci gaba zuwa tsarin aiki na ToaruOS, ci gaban al'umma masu sha'awar ci gaba.

Game da ToaruOS

A cikin tsarin sa na yanzu, tsarin yana sanye take da mai sarrafa taga mai hade, yana goyan bayan fayilolin aiwatarwa masu ƙarfi a cikin tsarin ELF, multitasking, tari mai hoto, na iya tafiyar da Python 3 da GCC.

Tsarin OS ya dogara ne akan kernel ta amfani da tsarin gine-gine na zamani wanda ya haɗu da tushe na monolithic da kayan aiki don amfani da na'urori masu ɗaukar nauyi, ta hanyar da aka tsara yawancin direbobin na'urorin da ake da su, kamar masu kula da faifai (PATA da ATAPI), EXT2 da ISO9660 FS, framebuffer, keyboard, mice, katunan cibiyar sadarwa. (AMD PCnet FAST, Realtek RTL8139 da Intel PRO / 1000), guntun sauti (Intel AC'97) da kuma VirtualBox plugins don tsarin baƙi.

Kwayar tana goyan bayan Unix, TTY, zaren tsarin fayil na kama-da-wane, pseudo-filesystem/proc, multithreaded, IPC, ramdisk, ptrace, sharing memory, multitasking da sauran hankula fasali.

Ana amfani da Ext2 azaman tsarin fayil. Bootloader shine BIOS da EFI mai yarda. Tarin hanyar sadarwa yana ba da damar APIs irin BSD soket kuma yana goyan bayan mu'amalar hanyar sadarwa, gami da madauki.

Don ToaruOS, shirye-shirye kamar Vim, GCC, Binutils, FreeType, MuPDF, SDL, Alkahira, Doom, Quake, Super Nintendo emulator, Bochs, da sauransu.

Daga cikin aikace-aikacen asali, editan code na Vi-like Bim ya fito waje, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan don haɓaka takamaiman aikace-aikacen ToaruOS kamar mai sarrafa fayil, mai kwaikwayo ta ƙarshe, panel mai hoto tare da tallafin widget din, mai sarrafa tsari, da kuma dakunan karatu don tallafin hoto (PNG, JPEG) da kuma fonts na TrueType.

Aikin kuma yana haɓaka harshensa mai ƙarfi Kuroko, tsara don maye gurbin Python a cikin haɓaka kayan aiki da aikace-aikacen al'ada don tsarin.

Yaran yana kama da tsarin rubutu zuwa Python (wanda aka sanya shi azaman gajeriyar yaren Python tare da bayyanannen ma'anoni masu canzawa) kuma yana da ingantaccen aiwatarwa. Ana tallafawa tattarawa da fassarar lambobin byte. Mai fassarar Bytecode yana ba da mai tattara shara, yana goyan bayan multithreading ba tare da amfani da kulle duniya ba.

Ana iya haɗa mai tarawa da mai fassara a cikin nau'i na ƙananan ɗakin karatu (~ 500 KB), wanda za'a iya haɗa shi tare da wasu shirye-shirye da kuma fadada ta hanyar C API. Baya ga ToaruOS, ana iya amfani da harshe akan Linux, macOS, Windows, kuma yana iya aiki a cikin masu bincike masu goyan bayan WebAssembly.

Menene sabo a cikin ToaruOS 2.0?

A cikin wannan sabon tsarin tsarin an ambaci cewa Misaka core yana ƙara ayyuka don ba da damar abubuwan amfani na al'ada saman, strace, dbg, ping, da cpuwidget.

An kuma ambata cewa da damar da graphics library da aka fadada , gami da ƙari na sauye-sauye masu alaƙa da cewa an inganta firam ɗin taga.

Har ila yau abin lura shi ne cewa an ƙara rubutun rasterizer tare da goyon bayan TrueType, an ƙara ɗakin karatu don tsara rubutu tare da alamar alama, an inganta bootloader na BIOS tare da ingantaccen tallafi don daidaitawar kayan aiki, kuma an sake rubuta bootloader na EFI.

Na wasu canje-canje cewa tsaya a waje:

• Ƙara goyon baya don gyaran layin umarni na kernel a duka bootloaders.
• An sabunta ƙirar panel ɗin.
• Ƙarin tallafi don ɗakunan karatu masu ɗaukar nauyi, shimfidar wuri mai ƙarfi, da sabbin fafutukan widget din.
• An sake rubuta mai kallo tare da ƙarin sabbin palettes.
  An ƙara sabon aiwatar da kalkuleta.
  An ƙara tallafi don yankunan lokaci zuwa daidaitaccen ɗakin karatu.
• Ƙara direba don Ensoniq ES1371 chipset wanda aka kwaikwayi a cikin VMware.
• Ana sa ran babban sigar 2.1 na gaba don tallafawa AHCI, xHCI da na'urorin HID na USB.
• A cikin reshe na 2.2, an shirya aiwatar da tallafi don gine-ginen AArch64.

A ƙarshe, idan kuna sha'awar ƙarin sani game da shi, kuna iya bincika cikakkun bayanai A cikin mahaɗin mai zuwa.