http://www.cellbiol.com/bioinformatics_web_development/chapter-2-the-linux-operating-system-setting-up-a-linux-web-server/the-linux-filesystem/
da izini Batutuwa ne masu ban sha'awa a cikin duniyar Unix kuma ɗayan mahimman ƙididdiga na irin wannan tsarin aiki. Linux tana aiwatar da wannan tsarin na tsarin kundin adireshi da fayilolin tsarin, kuma za mu iya haɓaka tare da sauran matakan tsaro irin su haɓakar halayen da wasu tsarin fayil ke aiwatarwa, ko kuma wasu nau'ikan tsarin tsaro kamar jerin hanyoyin samun dama ko ACL.
A cikin wasu labaran munyi magana game da halaye ko izini, duk abin da kuke so ku kira su, kuma tabbas kun riga kun san cewa zamu iya ganin izinin da namu kundayen adireshi da fayiloli tare da umarni mai sauki ls -l, amma a cikin na'urar wasan bidiyo zai nuna mana nau'in haruffa kamar yadda muka sani. A gefe guda kuma, zamu iya amfani da wannan bayanin iri ɗaya ko octal ɗin don canza waɗannan izini ta amfani da umarnin chmod, kamar yadda kuka riga kuka sani ... Amma me zai faru idan muna so mu lissafa izini a cikin tsarin octal?
Da kyau, don duba alamun rubutu Zamu iya amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban, kodayake ɗayan mafi sauki shine ta ƙa'idar ƙa'idar aiki:
stat /etc/passwd
Tare da umarnin da ya gabata zamu ga bayanai da yawa game da wannan takamaiman fayil ɗin, a cikin misali / sauransu / passwd. Amma idan kawai muna so mu ga yanayin o izini a cikin tsarin octal, zaka iya amfani da:
stat -c '%a' /etc/passwd
Tsakanin Tsarin da damar Akwai, wanda zaku iya gani tare da mutum, akwai% A don ganin tsari tare da haruffa, da sauran zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don tace cikakken fitowar kuma kawai ku nuna wasu filayen da aka samo idan bamu bayyana komai ba. Misali, idan muna so a nuna mana hanyoyi guda biyu na kallon izini ko hanyoyin Unix na fayil ko shugabanci, zamu iya amfani da wannan umarnin:
stat -c '%A %a' /etc/passwd
Sabili da haka zamu sami duka a cikin daidaitaccen fitarwa ...