Tutorial: Rikodin allo a cikin rarrabawar GNU / Linux

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don ba da gudummawa ga motsin software kyauta, ba kawai ta hanyar layin lambar tushe zuwa ayyukan ba. Haka nan za mu iya haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar fassara software, bayar da rahoton matsalolin da muka samu ga al'ummomin ci gaba don su iya magance su, yada labarai da koyarwa kamar yadda muke yi a cikin wannan rukunin yanar gizon, da dai sauransu. Kuma daya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyin yada koyarwar shine shan hotunan kariyar kwamfuta ko rikodi abin da ke faruwa a teburin mu da muhallin mu, don samar da ƙarin bayanai kai tsaye da amfani.

Kari akan haka, sabon abu na youtuber yana tafiya da karfi, da yawa mutane suna shigowa cikin wannan duniyar, kuma da alama wani abu ne mai ban sha'awa don gwadawa, musamman yanzu da duniyar wasannin bidiyo akan Linux take bunkasa sosai, kuma tabbas masu amfani da yawa sun bayyana Yan wasa Linux waɗanda ke ɗokin yin rikodin wasanninsu don sanyawa a kan sanannen dandamali mai gudana, da nuna nasarorinsu, bita, da sauransu. Don haka idan baku san yadda ake ɗaukar abin da ya faru a kan PC ɗin ku ba, a cikin wannan koyarwar za mu nuna mafi kyawun hanyoyin da kuke da yadda ake yin sa ...

Shirye-shiryen baya:

Kafin fara girka duk wani shiri zuwa haskakawa ko kama abin da ya faru akan allo, ina baka shawara da ka bi wadannan nasihun, ko kuma kai za ku ci karo da wasu matsaloli wannan yawanci abin ban haushi ne kuma a lokuta da yawa, idan kai sabon mai amfani ne ba zaka ma san asalin menene ba. Wadannan matsalolin sun samo asali ne daga ginshiƙan zane-zane na Linux ko tari na sauti, ma'ana, a cikin duk direbobin da ƙananan tsarin da ke kula da zane-zane da sarrafa sauti a cikin distro ko tsarin aiki.

Gabaɗaya, shahararrun mashahuran riga sun riga sun saita wannan rukunin sosai kuma suna da duk direbobin da ake buƙata don komai yayi komai aiki yadda ya kamata daga farko. Koyaya, Ina ba da shawara cewa ku ba da hankali na musamman ga waɗanda 100% masu ba da kyauta, waɗanda ke kawar da sanannun ɓarnar binary, tunda wani abu ba zai iya aiki da kyau a cikinsu ba, kodayake bai kamata ba, bisa ƙa'idar shahararrun GPUs da katunan sauti ya kamata suyi aiki ba tare da matsala ba tare da direbobi kyauta. Amma kuma ku tuna cewa waɗannan 100% masu ba da kyauta na iya kawo wasu matsaloli idan ya zo na multimedia, kuma wannan shi ne cewa ba su da wasu kodin kodin na mallaka waɗanda suke da muhimmanci don aiwatar da sauti da bidiyo na rikodinku.

Kuma idan kun kasance mai amfani da cigaba kuma kun yanke shawara ku gina distro ɗinku daga karce ko kuma kun zaɓi distros kamar Arch Linux, Gentoo, Slackware, da dai sauransu, waɗanda sukan zo da ɗan "tsirara" dangane da software kuma dole ku girka ta yadda kuke so , ka tuna kar ka Manta game da fakiti kamar PulseAudio, ALSA, codec packs, da sauransu, tunda a gogewa ta sun zama sune mafi yawan matsalolin yayin aiki tare da irin wannan shirin da muke gabatarwa a kasa.

Misali, daya daga cikin matsalolin wauta da na shiga ciki shine cewa ba ta rikodin kowane sauti kwata-kwata, kuma kawai na tafi don daidaitawa da kyau ASLA da PulsAudio tunda akwai wasu tashoshi ko kafofin watsa labarai na sauti tare da saukar da sautin zuwa iyaka. Ko kuma har ma zamu iya gyara daidaitaccen tsarin don rage hayaniyar baya da haɓaka ƙimar.

Yadda ake yin rikodin yanayin zane

Akwai shirye-shirye da dama da yawa Don yin rikodin allo a kan GNU / Linux distro ɗin ku, tsawon shekarun da nake aiki tare da tsarin Linux na gwada da yawa. Misali, daya daga cikin farkon wadanda nayi kokarin shine RecordMyDesktop a kan SUSE distro. Sannan na gwada shirye-shirye da yawa don ganin wanne na fi so, daga cikin su Kazam da mai tsayi, da dai sauransu, amma a karshe na kasance tare da Vokoscreen (kuna iya ganin sa a cikin hoton da na yi) wanda na fi so da shi na rikodin don kwasa-kwasan horo, da sauransu.

Wanne ne za a sake zaɓa shine mawuyacin hali, amma zan gabatar muku da jerin shirye-shirye don yin rikodin allo Mafi sani:

• Vokoscreen: a ganina yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawu, mai sauƙi amma mai ƙarfi, wannan shine dalilin da ya sa na fi so kuma wanda nake ba da shawarar kaina. Goyan bayan daban-daban fitarwa video Formats, damar rikodi na bidiyo, daban-daban zabin rikodi, Webcam goyon baya da, da dai sauransu. Kuma tabbas na ga 'yan kaɗan ...
• KazamIdan kuna son wani abu mafi ƙanƙanci, haske da sauri don masu farawa, watakila Kazam shine abin da kuke nema. Rashin dacewar idan aka kwatanta da Vokoscreen shine tallafin kyamaran gidan yanar gizo kuma yana da ƙananan zaɓuɓɓukan daidaitawa, wanda ke iyakance shi kaɗan.
• SimpleScreenRecorder: shi ne tushen aikace-aikacen Qt wanda ya dace da sunansa, yana da sauƙi. Hakanan an inganta shi don aiki tare da inji tare da ƙaramar aiki kuma sauki yana da alaƙa da aikinsa, tunda yana da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don daidaitawa, wanda zai iya zama ɗan rikicewa a cikin zane-zane na hoto.
• rikodinMyDesktop: Yawanci kayan aikin layin umarni ne wanda aka rubuta a cikin C wanda aka ƙara GUI biyu bisa Qt4 da GTK. Abu ne mai sauƙi kuma mai sauƙin amfani (har ma zaka iya amfani dashi daga na'ura mai kwakwalwa tare da umarnin rikodin rikodin komputa), amma ka manta game da tallafi ga WebCam da kuma sauti da bidiyon bidiyon masu fafatawa ...
• ScreenStudio: shi ne aikace-aikacen rikodi da yawa da aka rubuta a cikin Java. Ari ko lessasa yana da zaɓuɓɓuka iri ɗaya da Vokoscreen ko Kazam, kuma kuna iya amfani da shi a kowane dandamali. Babbar matsalar ita ce ta dogara da Java RE 8.0.
• Recorder Green: abu ne mai sauƙin gaske kuma mai saukin ganewa, tare da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa kuma hakan na iya zama kyakkyawan madadin ga Kazam ko Vokoscreen, amma ba shi da tallafi don yin rikodin WebCam. Koyaya, yana da wani abu wanda naji daɗi sosai, kuma shine yana tallafawa Wayland.
• Bude Gidan Watsa shirye-shirye na Broadcaster: wanda ake kira OBS Studio shine tsarin da yafi kowane cigaba kuma tare da ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan da zaku iya samu na Linux. Kuna iya rikodin wurare da yawa kuma ku canza tsakanin su, kuna da filtata don bidiyo, mai haɗa sauti, zaɓuɓɓuka don yawo kai tsaye, da dai sauransu. Akasin haka, dole ne ku san sharuɗɗa da zaɓuɓɓukan da ake sarrafawa don yin daidaitaccen tsari ko kuma zaku rasa kanku ta hanyar babban aikin sa.

Shigar kowanne daga cikinsu bai kamata ya zama matsala ba, tunda akwai abubuwan DEB, RPM a shafukan yanar gizan kowane ɗayansu, za ku same su a maɓuɓɓugan diro ɗinku don ku sami sauƙin shigar da su tare da yum, APT , zik din, da dai sauransu Kuma akwai ma wasu, kamar yadda yake a yanayin Vokoscreen, waɗanda zaku iya samu a cikin binary kunshin .run ba ma za ku girka ba, kawai ku gudu kuma shi ke nan!

Kamar yadda na riga na fada, Na fi son Vokoscreen don sauki, kuma saboda yana aiki sosai daga abin da na sami damar tabbatarwa. Kamar yadda kake gani a cikin keɓancewa, zaka sami zaɓin allo don yin rikodin duk allon, taga ɗaya ko yanki, koda kuwa kana son rikodin ya bi siginanka, ƙara girman gilashi, ƙididdigar ci gaban daƙiƙoƙi daga abin da fara yin rikodi, da dai sauransu. A gefe guda, kuna da maɓallan don Farawa, Dakatar, da Dakatar da rikodin da zaku gudanar dashi.

Na gaba gashin ido Game da sauti ne, kuma zaka iya zaba tsakanin amfani da PulseAudio da ASLA, kuma idan kana da microphones da yawa a cikin tsarin, zaka iya zaɓar waɗanda kake so su zama masu kula da ɗaukar sautin. Wani mahimmin shafi shine na multimedia, inda zaka zabi tsarin bidiyo da sauti, hotunan daukar hoto duk dakika guda (karka yawaita idan baka da manyan hotuna masu karfi), da kuma kundin sauti da bidiyo (ka tuna zabi mafi dacewa). Kuma sauran shafuka sune zaɓin inda za'a adana, da dai sauransu. Dama mai sauki?

Yadda ake rikodin tashar

Ya zuwa ga yadda ake yin rikodin a cikin hoto, amma ya kamata ku sani cewa akwai kuma waɗanda suke riƙewa don tashar ko wasan bidiyo na distro ɗinku, wani abu mai amfani a cikin duniyar Unix inda kuke aiki sosai daga tashar. Gabaɗaya, a wannan yanayin shirye-shirye ne masu sauƙi waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙasa da shiri ko abubuwan da ake buƙata fiye da waɗanda suka gabata, don haka ina shakkar cewa za ku sami matsaloli. Kuma kamar yadda nayi da na baya, zanyi lissafa wasu daga cikin mafi kyau me zaku samu:

• ttstudio: shiri ne mai sauki wanda zai baka damar yin rikodin abin da ke faruwa a tashar, amma hakan yana faruwa ne ta hanyar GIF mai rai. Yana da matukar amfani don sanya sakamakon daga baya akan yanar gizo. Ba tare da wata shakka ba ɗayan masoyana.
• ascinema: yana baka damar yin rikodin da raba abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin zaman tashar.
• Tsari- Wani shiri ne na yada labarai akan allon rubutu bayyananne.
• Lokacin nuni: Wani amfani mai amfani don yin rikodin.
• TermRecord: yana iya sauƙaƙe rikodin abun cikin zaman m kuma yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar fitowar HTML, mai ban sha'awa don bijirar da sakamakon akan yanar gizo.
• tantawan: kayan aiki don rikodin tashar kuma ya haɗa da kayan aiki don sake kunnawa.
• tt2gif: wani kayan aiki mai sauƙi wanda, kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, yana ba ku damar yin rikodi da fitarwa zuwa GIF.

Yo Ina zama tare da ttystudio, cewa zaka iya girka shi ta hanya mai sauƙi. Amma saboda wannan dole ne ku fara girka kunshin npm tare da manajan kunshin da kuke amfani da shi. Kayan aiki ne wanda zai baku damar sarrafa shirye-shiryen JavaScript, kamar yadda lamarin yake, kuma da zarar kuna dashi, kawai zakuyi:

npm install -g ttystudio

Idan kun rarraba tare da -g zaɓi, shigarwar ba zata zama ta duniya ba. Da zarar an shigar, zaka iya buɗe tashar ka kuma fara rikodi da kuma fitarwa zuwa GIF na umarni da duk abin da ke faruwa a tashar ka tare da:

ttystudio micaptura.gif --log

Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani da lambar tushe a cikin Github site...

Kar ka manta barin naka comentarios, tare da shakku da suka taso, shawarwari, sauran shirye-shiryen madadin da kuka sani, gogewa, da dai sauransu. Ina fatan wannan karatun zai taimaka muku kuma zaku iya yin rikodi mai kyau a cikin distro ...