Mozilla, Da sauri, Intel da Red Hat suna haɓaka Gidan yanar gizo a matsayin dandamali na duniya

Mozilla, Da sauri, Intel, da Red Hat sun haɗa kai haɓaka fasahar da ke yin Yanar Gizo dandamali na duniya don gudanar da lambar lafiya a kan kowane kayan more rayuwa, tsarin aiki da na'urar. Don haɓaka haɗin gwiwa na lokacin aiki da tarawa, wanda ke ba da izinin amfani da WebAssembly ba wai kawai a cikin masu bincike na yanar gizo ba, an kafa ƙungiyar Bytecode Alliance Alliance.

Don ƙirƙirar shirye-shiryen šaukuwa ts deliveredrar da su a cikin tsarin WebAssembly wanda za a iya aiwatarwa a waje mai bincike, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da WASI API (Tsarin tsarin yanar gizo na WebAssembly), wanda ke bayar da hanyoyin musayar shirye-shirye don hulɗa kai tsaye tare da tsarin aiki (POSIX API don aiki tare da fayiloli, kwasfa, da sauransu).

Wani fasali na musamman na samfurin aiwatarwa na aikace-aikacen da suke amfani da WASIna ƙaddamarwa a cikin yanayin sandbox don keɓancewa daga babban tsarin da amfani da hanyar tsaro bisa tsarin iya aiki, don ayyuka tare da kowane albarkatun (fayiloli, kundayen adireshi, kwasfa, kiran tsarin, da sauransu) dole ne aikace-aikacen ya sami izini daidai (ana ba da damar kawai zuwa ayyana aiki).

Daya na manufofin kawancen halitta shine magance matsalar yaduwa na aikace-aikacen kayan aiki na zamani tare da dogaro da yawa. A cikin waɗannan aikace-aikacen, kowane dogaro na iya zama tushen tushen rauni ko hare-hare. Samun Sarrafa Dogaro yana ba ka damar samun iko kan duk aikace-aikacen da ke tattare da shi.

Membobin Bytecode Alliance suna da niyyar shirya cikakkiyar mafita don amintaccen aiwatar da aikace-aikacen Gidan yanar gizon da ba a amince da shi ba.

Don kariya, an ba da shawarar yin amfani da manufar nanoprocesss, wanda kowane ɗayan tsarin dogaro ya rabu a cikin rarrabaccen rukunin gidan yanar gizon, wanda aka tsara ikonta don ɗaure kawai ga wannan rukunin (misali, ɗakin karatu don sarrafa kirtani ba zai iya buɗe soket ɗin cibiyar sadarwa ko fayil ba).

Ba kamar rarrabuwa ba, Masu kula da Gidan yanar gizo suna da nauyi kuma basu buƙatar ƙarin kayan aiki Kari akan haka, hulda tsakanin masu sarrafawa ba ta da jinkiri sosai fiye da kiran ayyukan yau da kullun.

Don ci gaban haɗin gwiwa, yawancin ayyukan da ke da alaƙa da Gidan yanar gizon, waɗanda aka haɓaka a baya ta hanyar kamfanonin haɗin gwiwar ƙawancen, an sauya su a ƙarƙashin reshen ƙawancen Bytecode:

• Lokaci: a lokaci don gudanar da aikace-aikacen Gidan yanar gizon tare da fadada WASI azaman kayan aikin yau da kullun. Yana tallafawa ƙaddamar da bytecode ta yanar gizo ta amfani da layin-layin umarni na musamman da kuma tsara fayilolin aiwatarwa daga cikin akwatin (an gina lokacin ɓata lokaci cikin aikace-aikacen azaman ɗakin karatu).
• Lucette: ne mai mai tarawa da lokacin gudu don gudanar da shirye-shirye a cikin tsarin WebAssembly. Wani abu na musamman na Lucet shine amfani da cikakken kariya (AOT, gaba) akan lambar injin da ta dace da aiwatarwa kai tsaye maimakon JIT. An haɓaka aikin ne da sauri kuma an inganta shi don cinye albarkatu kaɗan da kuma ƙaddamar da sabbin yanayi cikin sauri.A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin haɗin gwiwa, an shirya canza Lucet mai haɗawa don amfani da Wasmtime a matsayin tushe.
• WAMR (Gidan Yanar Gizon Karamin Jirgin Ruwa): es wani lokacin gudu don gudanar da Gidan yanar gizo, asali Intel ta haɓaka shi don amfani a cikin na'urorin IoT. WAMR an inganta shi don ƙarancin amfani da albarkatu kuma ana iya amfani dashi akan na'urori tare da ƙaramin adadin RAM. Aikin ya hada da mai fassara da na'urar kirkira don gudanar da WebAssembly bytecode, API (wani yanki na Libc), da kayan aikin don gudanar da aikace-aikacen da tsafta.
• Kwancen kwanuka: es lambar janareta wacce ke fassara wakilcin matsakaiciyar masarufi zuwa lambar inji aiwatarwa da aka gyara don takamaiman dandamali na kayan aiki. Cranelift yana tallafawa daidaitaccen aikin hada aiki don samar da kayan aiki cikin sauri, yana baka damar amfani da shi don kirkirar masu hada JIT (ana amfani da JIT mai tushen Cranelift a cikin Wasmtime inji).
• WASI: daya aiwatar da aikin WASI API (Tsarin Gidan yanar gizo na Tsarin Yanar Gizo) don tsara hulɗa tare da tsarin aiki.
• wasi-wasi: un module don manajan kunshin kaya wanda ke aiwatar da umarni don tattara lambar tsatsa zuwa cikin WebAssembly bytecode ta amfani da maɓallin WASI don amfani da Gidan yanar gizon waje na mai binciken.
• wat da wasmparser: ya parsers don nazarin rubutu (WAT, WAST) da wakilcin binary na WebAssembly lambar baiti.