Nazarin da masu binciken Jami’ar Arewa maso Yamma biyar, UC Santa Barbara da Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka, ya bayyana cewa a cikin lissafi sanya a cibiyoyin bayanan zamani sun kara yawan kuzarinsu da kashi 6% kawai tsakanin 2010 da 2018.
Da wannan suke bayyana mana cewa wadannan cibiyoyin bayanan can dauki tsawon awanni 205 Na wutar lantarki, wannan yana wakiltar kashi 1% na cin duniya na wutar lantarki, daidai gwargwado kamar na 2010. Duk wannan ya sauko zuwa riba cikin ingancin cibiyar bayanai, godiya ga ingantaccen aikin kuzari da ƙaura zuwa ƙididdigar girgije.
Kodayake wannan binciken ya saba wa wasu son zuciya da kuma imanin cewa cibiyoyin bayanai suna barin sawun sawun ƙafafu irin na masana'antar jirgin sama.
Tunda masana da yawa sun ambata shekarun baya cewa amfani da cibiyar wutar lantarki ya ninka duk shekara hudu, wanda zai haifar da rubanya yawan amfani da makamashin lantarki na wadannan cibiyoyin a cikin shekaru goma kawai, amma da alama hakan tare da sabon bayanan na binciken da aka buga a wannan shekara sun kasance ƙasa da waɗannan adadi.
A cewar daya daga cikin masu binciken da suka gudanar da binciken a wannan shekarar ta 2020, Jonathan Koomey, fitar da bayanan cikin sauki wanda zai kai ga amfani da tsinkayen ci gaban da zai zo nan gaba a yawan kuzarin amfani da cibiyar bayanan yana da son zuciya, wannan hanyar ba ta daukar hankali la'akari da nasarar makamashi.
Bai kamata a hana su ba cewa waɗannan na'urori, kodayake suna cinye kuzari fiye da kusan shekaru goma da suka gabata, yanzu suna yin ƙarin lissafi da yawa don kowane awa-watt da aka yi amfani da shi, ban da yin la'akari da hakan tare da babban ci gaba a cikin sarrafawa, kowane lokaci yana aiki don ƙarfin ku ya ragu.
A gaskiya ma, tsarin kayayyakin zamani na zamani, musamman dangane da sanyaya da kuzari, sun fi inganci fiye da da.
Abin da ake faɗi, raguwar kuzarin da aka cinye sakamakon ya isa ya daidaita karuwar yawan ƙarfin ƙarfin waɗannan na'urori masu sarrafa kwamfuta.
Wannan ya fi damuwa da cibiyoyin bayanan girgije waɗanda a halin yanzu suke karɓar kashi 89% na ƙididdigar lissafi, yayin da a cikin 2010, 79% na ƙididdigar lissafin duniya suna cikin cibiyoyin bayanan gargajiya.
A halin yanzu, akwai ƙaura mai yawa zuwa sababbin wurare yi ta masu samar da sabis na girgije, kamar Google Cloud, Amazon Web Services, da Microsoft Azure. Yanzu ya zama cewa cibiyoyin bayanan girgije da ake sarrafa kasuwanci ana inganta su sosai don ingancin makamashi idan aka kwatanta da cibiyoyin bayanai da kamfanoni ke gudanarwa daban-daban.
Buga wannan sabon binciken daga wannan shekara ta 2020 a cikin mujallar Kimiyya ya zo daidai lokacin da Tarayyar Turai (EU) ke shirin sanya ƙa'idodin ingancin makamashi ga masu aiki waɗanda ke kula da cibiyoyin bayanai a Turai. Saboda haka, waɗannan masu samarwa suna son EU ta ƙarfafa kamfanoni su yi watsi da tsoffin kayayyakinsu don ƙaura zuwa wuraren kasuwanci.
Urs Hölzle, mataimakin shugaban kayayyakin fasaha a Google, ya ce:
Misali, cibiyoyin bayanai na Google sun ninka karfin makamashi ninki biyu kamar wadannan wuraren kasuwancin gargajiya. Bugu da ƙari, Hölzle ya lura cewa a halin yanzu Google yana ba da ikon sarrafa kwamfuta sau bakwai a kan adadin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da cibiyoyin bayananta suka cinye shekaru biyar da suka gabata.
Wannan yanayin zuwa mafi dacewa mai kuzari da alama ta yadu ga manyan kamfanoni Intanet, gami da, misali, Facebook da Apple. A) Ee, suna da ra'ayin sanya cibiyoyin bayanan su a yankuna masu yanayin sanyi don rage yawan kuzarin da ake buƙata don sanyaya wuraren.
Wannan kuma yana sauƙaƙe amfani da makamashi mai sabuntawa don ragowar bukatun waɗannan cibiyoyin bayanan. A kowane hali, ƙaurawar sarrafa bayanai zuwa sabis na girgije shine ɗayan manyan shawarwarin wannan binciken na 2020.
Source: https://science.sciencemag.org