Tsarukan aiki na tushen diski (DOS) sun shahara sosai a cikin 70s da 80s.
Me yasa a cikin blog game da Linux muna rubuta wani matsayi mai suna FreeDOS: Menene? Ko da yake a cikin 'yan shekarun nan samar da kwamfutoci ya fadada damar masu saye su sayi kwamfutoci ba tare da Windows ko macOS psake shigar da shi, ba haka ba ne mai girma da za mu sami injin da ya zo tare da fifikon rarraba Linux wanda aka riga aka shigar.
A matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar da Microsoft don samun damar siyar da kwamfutoci tare da Windows, lBa a yarda masu kera su sayar da kwamfutoci ba tare da tsarin aiki ba. Wasu sun zaɓi yin amfani da rarrabawar Linux a matsayin maye gurbin Windows, amma saita shi yana ɗaukar lokaci kuma yawancin masu amfani suna iya ƙarewa da cire shi don goyon bayan samfurin Microsoft.
Amfani FreeDOS kamar yadda tsarin aiki ya ba da damar, lokacin da mai amfani ya kunna kwamfutar zai iya yin wasu ayyuka na yau da kullun fiye da waɗanda kayan aikin da ke cikin motherboard suka yarda da su.
A cikin wannan sakon za mu ga dalilin da yasa siyan kwamfuta tare da FreeDos shine kyakkyawan madadin tunda yana guje mana biyan lasisin tsarin aiki wanda ba za mu yi amfani da shi ba kuma a gaskiya za mu cire.
Bayanan Bayani na FreeDOS
Don amsa tambayar menene FreeDOS muna bukatar mu fara bayyanawa game da menene tsarin aiki na faifai (DOS) da kuma wane aiki yake cika a kwamfutar.
Menene Tsarin Gudanarwa
Tsarin aiki shine shirin da ke aiki azaman fassarar tsakanin abubuwan da ke cikin kwamfutar da mai amfani. Aikace-aikace kamar Firefox ko LibreOffice suna amfani da tsarin aiki don haɗa ta hanyar modem zuwa gidan yanar gizo ko buga takarda. Ba tare da tsarin aiki gama gari don gudanar da ayyuka masu maimaitawa ba, nauyin kowane aikace-aikacen zai ma fi girma.
Duk da cewa tsarin aiki na farko da na'ura mai hoto ya samo asali ne tun a shekarun 60, har zuwa shekarun 80, tsarin gargajiya bisa umarnin rubutawa ya kasance al'ada. Wannan shi ne yanayin waɗanda aka ambata a wannan talifin.
Tsarukan aiki na tushen diski (DOS) Ana ajiye su a kan faifan floppy, rumbun diski, na’urar gani ko alƙalami kuma a lokaci guda ana amfani da su azaman wurin ajiya.. Babban fasalinsa shine samar da tsarin fayil wanda zai iya tsarawa, karantawa da rubuta fayiloli akan faifan ajiya.
Rukunin tsarin aiki na tushen faifai baya haɗa da tsarin aiki na tushen mu'amalar hoto na yanzu.
IBM PC DOS
Bill Gates ya samu daga wani kamfani tsarin tsarin da zai zama tushen wanda ya sayar wa IBM
A al’adance, IBM, wanda ya dade yana kera manyan kwamfutoci a duniya, ya kera dukkan abubuwan da ake bukata. Duk da haka, Lokacin da ya fara aiki a kan kwamfutarsa ta farko, ya yanke shawarar fitar da abubuwan haɓaka waɗannan, gami da tsarin aiki.
Abin da zai yiwu ya zama mafi munin yanke shawara na kasuwanci a cikin masana'antar fasaha (yana kashe jagorancin jagoranci a cikin sashin) ya jagoranci kamfanin canja wurin zuwa wani ɓangare na uku ba kawai ci gaba ba har ma da ikon mallakar tsarin aiki na sababbin kwamfutoci na sirri.
A lokacin, motsi ya yi ma'ana. IBM ya yi hasarar babbar hasarar kuɗaɗen doka a cikin ƙarar satar kayan fasaha. Yawancin sun fito ne daga masu siyar da software waɗanda lambar IBM ta gyara kuma ta sabunta su.
Abin da ya sa, lokacin da aka fara tattaunawa da Microsoft a farkon shekarun 80, ya bayyana a fili cewa IBM zai tsara abubuwan da ake bukata kuma Kamfanin Bill Gates ne zai dauki alhakin ci gaban kuma zai ci gaba da mallakar sakamakon karshe.
Sigar farko ta PC DOS ba cikakkiyar ci gaban Microsoft bane. Kamfanin ya fara lasisi sannan ya sami tsarin aiki wanda Seattle Computer Products ya ƙera, ko da yake ya gudanar da dukkan ayyukan daidaitawa da kayan aiki da bukatun IBM. Labarin ya nuna cewa Bill Gates ya fara kulla yarjejeniya da IBM sannan ya fita neman tsarin aiki da zai zama tushen wanda yake bukata ya gina.
Kwamfutocin IBM na farko masu dauke da PC DOS sun shigo kasuwa a shekarar 1981. Sabon tsarin aiki yana da fasali da yawa na shahararren CP/M na wancan lokacin kamar yawancin gine-ginensa, kiran aikin sa, da ƙa'idodin sunaye na fayil.. Wannan ya bai wa masu amfani damar jin daɗin sabbin abubuwa kamar sabon tsarin fayil yayin da rage yanayin koyo.
PC Dos ya kasance nasara, yana ƙara fiye da 96% na tallace-tallace. Sauran sun yi daidai da madadin tsarin aiki da IBM ya bayar a matsayin madadin a cikin kwamfutocin sa. Sigar baya, dangane da tushen sake rubutawa gaba ɗaya, an ƙara sabbin fasali da goyan baya ga kayan aikin ɓangare na uku.
MS BIYU
Microsoft ya ba da lasisin MS DOS ga masana'antun clones na kwamfuta na IBM daban-daban.
Na fada a sama cewa shawarar IBM na juya haɓakawa da sarrafa PC DOS ga Microsoft watakila shine mafi munin tunani a tarihin kamfanonin fasaha. IBM bai sanya sharuddan keɓancewa akan masu samar da waje ba, don haka kowane mai ƙira zai iya ba da kayan aiki irin na kwamfutocin IBM a farashi mai arha ba tare da biyan kuɗin sarauta ba. Ga wanda idan sun biya kuɗin sarauta shine Microsoft don amfani da tsarin aiki iri ɗaya, kodayake suna da sunaye daban-daban dangane da wanda yake da lasisi. Daga baya zai bukaci kowa sai IBM yayi amfani da sunan MS DOS. DOS ita ce gajarta ta Ingilishi don tsarin aiki da diski.
MS DOS shine tushen ci gaban Microsoft kuma a farkon Windows shine kawai keɓanta na hoto. Daidaituwa da PC DOS ya kasance har zuwa 1993, kuma ci gabanta ya ƙare a 199, kodayake yiwuwar ƙirƙirar faifan boot ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi an kiyaye shi har zuwa Windows 8.
FreeDOS: Menene kuma me yasa ya kamata muyi la'akari da shi
Yawancin kwamfutoci sun zo tare da an riga an shigar da FreeDOS a matsayin hanya don guje wa biyan kuɗin lasisin Windows.
FreeDOS tsarin aiki ne na bude tushen da ke ba ku damar gudanar da duk aikace-aikace da wasannin da aka kirkira don MS DOS. Har ila yau, ana iya amfani da shi azaman tsarin aiki a cikin tsarin da ba ya buƙatar ƙirar hoto.
Wannan tsarin aiki na tushen faifai yana aiki akan duk kwamfutoci na zamani Farawa da Intel '386 ko na'ura mai sarrafawa mafi girma, mafi ƙarancin 2MB na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da 40MB na sararin diski.
FreeDOS ba kwafin MS DOS bane kawai kamar yadda ya haɗa da fasali daga ƙarin tsarin aiki na zamani. Wasu daga cikinsu sune:
- FreeCOM: Command Line Shell.
- FDAPM: Ikon wutar lantarki gami da farawa kwamfuta, rufewa, da barci.
- CuteMouse: Direban linzamin kwamfuta tare da goyan bayan dabaran gungurawa.
- FDNPKG: Mai sarrafa fakiti tare da yuwuwar haɗi zuwa hanyar sadarwa.
- Tallafin bugu na zane.
- DOSLFN: Yana ba da damar amfani da dogayen sunayen fayil na DOS.
- JEMM386 da HIMEMX don sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
- FDSHIELD da ClamAV don kariya ta riga-kafi.
- Amfani da umarnin Linux.
- Taimako don tsarin fayil- FAT32.
- Matsawa da yanke fayiloli a cikin tsarin Zip da 7zip.
- Dillo da Arachne don binciken yanar gizo a yanayin rubutu.
- Editocin fayil daban-daban gami da Gyara, Biew, Blocek, E3, Freemacs, vim, Elvis, Pico, da FED.
- Mplayer da OpenCP don kunna kiɗan.
- Ya haɗa da wasannin buɗe ido kamar Freedom, Floppy Bird, Nethack, Sudoku, da Tetris.
- Multiboot goyon baya.
Wataƙila mai amfani na kowa ba ya sha'awar FreeDOS. Bayan haka, yawancin motherboards suna zuwa an saita su don yin taya daga na'urar waje tare da tsarin aiki don shigarwa, Koyaya, yana iya zama ingantaccen tsaro don kiyaye shi don ku iya warware matsalolin gaba.