Ryan Dahl, mahaliccin Node.js ne ke haɓaka dandalin.
Kwanan nan An saki labarai na sakin sabon tsarin tsarin Deno 1.28, wanda ke ba da damar aiwatar da aikace-aikacen JavaScript da TypeScript na tsaye waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don ƙirƙirar masu sarrafawa waɗanda ke gudana akan sabar.
An ƙirƙiri Deno don samarwa masu amfani da muhalli mafi aminci da kuma kawar da rashin fahimta a cikin gine-ginen Node.js. Don inganta tsaro, an rubuta daurin da ke kewaye da injin V8 a cikin Rust, wanda ke hana yawancin lahani da ke tasowa saboda ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
Don aiwatar da buƙatun a yanayin da ba tare da toshewa ba, ana amfani da tsarin Tokio, wanda kuma aka rubuta cikin Tsatsa. Tokio yana ba ku damar ƙirƙira manyan aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace dangane da gine-ginen da ke haifar da aukuwa, tallafawa multithreading da sarrafa buƙatun hanyar sadarwa a daidaita.
Wasu daga cikin siffofi Manyan abubuwan Deno sune kamar haka:
- Gina-ginen tallafin yaren TypeScript ban da JavaScript. Don bincika nau'ikan da samar da JavaScript, ana amfani da mai tarawa na yau da kullun na TypeScript, wanda ke haifar da raguwar aiki idan aka kwatanta da fassarar JavaScript a cikin V8.
- Lokacin gudu yana zuwa a cikin nau'i na tsaye guda ɗaya wanda za'a iya aiwatarwa ("deno"). Don gudanar da aikace-aikacen ta amfani da Deno, kawai kuna zazzage fayil ɗin da za a iya aiwatarwa don dandamalin ku, girman girman 30MB, wanda ba shi da abin dogaro na waje kuma baya buƙatar kowane shigarwa na musamman akan tsarin ku.
- Ingantacciyar sarrafa aikace-aikacen buƙatun hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar HTTP, an tsara dandalin don gina aikace-aikacen cibiyar sadarwa mai inganci
- Ikon ƙirƙirar aikace-aikacen yanar gizo na duniya waɗanda zasu iya gudana duka a cikin Deno da kuma a cikin mai binciken gidan yanar gizo na yau da kullun
- Kasancewar ma'auni na ƙayyadaddun kayayyaki, wanda amfani da su baya buƙatar haɗi zuwa abubuwan dogaro na waje.
- Modules daga daidaitattun tarin an kuma duba su kuma an gwada su don dacewa
- Kunshin ya haɗa da ginanniyar tsarin duba abin dogaro (umarnin "deno info") da kuma kayan aikin tsara lamba (deno fmt).
- Ana iya haɗa duk rubutun aikace-aikacen zuwa fayil ɗin JavaScript ɗaya.
Babban labarai na Deno 1.28
Makullin canji a cikin sabon sigar shine daidaita daidaituwa tare da fakitin da aka shirya a ma'ajiyar NPM, menene yana ba Deno damar amfani da kayayyaki sama da miliyan 1,3 gina don dandalin Node.js. Misali, aikace-aikacen tushen Deno yanzu na iya amfani da tsarin samun damar bayanai na ci gaba kamar Prisma, Mongoose, da MySQL, da kuma tsarin gaba-gaba kamar React da Vue.
Wasu samfuran NPM har yanzu basu dace da Deno ba, misali, saboda ɗaure zuwa takamaiman mahallin Node.js, kamar fayil ɗin package.json. Hakanan ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da umarnin "deno compile" tare da kayan aikin NPM ba. Ana shirin sakewa na gaba don magance waɗannan rashin daidaituwa da iyakoki.
Tsarin tsarin Deno gadon ECMAScript da samfurin API ɗin Yanar Gizo sun kasance iri ɗaya, kuma Deno sanannen tsarin lodi na tushen URL ana amfani dashi don shigo da samfuran NPM.
Amfani da fakitin NPM a cikin Deno ya fi sauƙi fiye da na Node.js, saboda babu buƙatar pre-shigar kayayyaki (ana shigar da kayayyaki lokacin da aka fara aikace-aikacen a karon farko), fayil ɗin kunshin.json ba a yi amfani da shi ba kuma ba a amfani da littafin node_modules, ana amfani da su ta tsohuwa (ana adana moduloli a cikin kundin adireshi, amma yana yiwuwa a mayar da halin da ya gabata tare da zaɓin "- node-modules-dir").
aikace-aikace dangane da NPM yana riƙe da ikon yin amfani da hanyoyin sarrafa damar shiga, Deno keɓewa da kunnawa don ayyukan ci-gaba waɗanda ke shafar tsaro. Don magance hare-hare ta hanyar dogaro da abin dogaro, Deno tubalan ta tsohuwa duk ƙoƙarin samun dama ga tsarin daga abin dogaro kuma yana nuna gargaɗi game da matsalolin da aka gano. Misali, lokacin da tsarin ya yi ƙoƙarin rubutawa zuwa /usr/bin/, za a nuna saurin tabbatarwa don wannan aiki:
Abubuwan haɓakawa marasa alaƙa da NPM a cikin sabon sigar sun haɗa da haɓaka injin V8 don sigar 10.9, gano fayiloli ta atomatik tare da makullai, daidaitawar Deno.bench(), Deno.gid(), Deno.networkInterfaces(), Deno.systemMemoryInfo(), da Deno APIs. .uid(), ƙara sabon API mara ƙarfi Deno.Command() don aiwatar da umarni (masanin duniya don Deno.spawn, Deno.spawnSync da Deno.spawnChild).
A karshe yana da kyau a ambaci hakan Kamar Node.js, Deno yana amfani da injin V8 JavaScript., wanda kuma ake amfani da shi a cikin masu bincike na tushen Chromium. A lokaci guda, Deno ba cokali mai yatsa ba ne na Node.js, amma sabon aikin da aka gina daga karce. An rarraba lambar aikin a ƙarƙashin lasisin MIT kuma akwai shirye-shiryen ginawa don Linux, Windows da macOS.
Idan kun kasance mai sha'awar ƙarin sani game da shi, zaka iya tuntuba mahada mai zuwa.