Tabbas kun san dumbin kayan aiki da madadin don aiwatarwa kwafin ajiya A cikin yanayin GNU / Linux, daga kayan aikin yau da kullun waɗanda aka girka a wasu ɓarna kamar su Dejavù a Ubuntu, ko wasu kamar Timeshift, har ma da rubutun bash waɗanda kuka iya yi a wani lokaci a rayuwarku, kun sauke daga yanar gizo ko kun yi kwafi kai tsaye ta amfani da umarnin dd, da sauransu.
A wannan darasin mun gabatar muku da wani sabon kayan aiki da ake kira CYA wanda shine acronym na Cover Your AssIna nufin, a zahiri rufe jakin ku. Kamar yadda zaku iya amfani da sunansa, wannan kayan aikin na Bash a cikin Linux yana ba ku damar ceton jakinku lokacin da wani abu ya sami matsala a cikin tsarin aikinku kuma yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar hoto cikakke don ku sami damar dawo da shi don matsalar ba ta zama wasan kwaikwayo, musamman idan muna da bayanai masu mahimmanci, kasuwanci, ko kuma muna da hadaddun gine-ginen da bamu so mu rasa ba.
Mahimmancin goyan baya
Una tanadi ko tanadi ko akiyaye Kwafi ne na ainihin bayanan da aka yi tare da nufin samun wata hanya ta daban don zuwa idan bayanan sun ɓace, sun lalace ko wani abu ya faru da kayan aiki ko tsarin da ya bar shi daga aiki. A wannan halin, ba za mu rasa komai ba, saboda za mu sami takamaiman kwafin da za mu jefa cikin gaggawa. Za a iya yin su ba tare da matsi ba, kodayake a lokuta da yawa ana iya yin su a kan rumbun kwamfutoci, kafofin watsa labarai na gani, a cikin gajimare, da sauransu, ko da tare da matsawa, kodayake hakan na buƙatar ƙarin albarkatun kayan aiki da lokaci don yin matsi da damuwa, ƙari zuwa Wasu lokuta idan fayil ɗin da aka matsa ya ɓata zai iya soke madadin ...
Ajiyayyen suna bayyane amma yawancin masu amfani da mafi munin, kamfanoni, manta yi lokaci-lokaci. Kuma idan matsaloli suka zo, kowa yana tuna su, amma ya makara. Musamman yanzu tare da barazanar ransomware, yana da mahimmanci kar a manta da kwafin ajiya, tunda wannan nau'in malware yana ɓoye rumbun kwamfutarka kuma yana kiyaye bayanan da ba za a iya shiga ba sai dai idan ka biya fansar da wasu masu aikata laifuka ke nema don samar maka da mabuɗin da zai iya ɓata shi. Kudin da galibi suke nema suna da yawa kuma suna ƙaruwa gwargwadon mahimmancin wanda abin ya shafa, misali idan kamfani ne mai bayanai masu mahimmanci, adadi da zasu nema zai fi haka. A gefe guda, idan mun yi kwafin ajiya, za mu guji wannan matsalar ta hanya mai sauƙi.
Menene hoto?
Un hoto ko kwafin hoto nan take Yana da ɗan yanayi na musamman na ajiyar waje, tunda sun wuce yin kwafin wasu bayanai daga matsakaitan ajiya, da kwafa yanayin tsarin a wani lokaci. Saboda haka sunan ta, tunda kamar mun ɗauki hoto ne na yadda tsarin aiki yake a cikin lokaci kaɗan kuma ta hanyar kayan aikin dawo da kayan aikin da ya dace don samun damar dawo da yanayin daidaitaccen yanayin da ainihin yanayin.
Daga wannan ya biyo baya cewa babban bambanci daga hoto kuma sauki mai sauki shine cewa na farko yana fuskantar da yanayin OS kuma na biyu yafi maida hankali akan mutuncin bayanan. Yawancin shirye-shiryen ajiya suna ba da zaɓi na ɗaukar hoto na tsarin aiki, kamar yadda lamarin yake tare da kayan aikin CYA da muke gabatar muku don yin kwafi ko hotunan hoto na tsarin bakuncin ku, ba baƙi ba, kodayake kamar yadda na yi bayani a gaba sakin layi yana yiwuwa…
Mutane da yawa hypervisors ko tsarin amfani da tsarin Hakanan suna ba da ikon ƙirƙirar hotunan hoto na yanayin mahalli, abu mai matukar amfani don yin kwafin injunan kamala ɗin da muke aiki da su. Ina son shi musamman lokacin da nake da wasu nau'ikan sabar da aka ɗora a kan VM, tunda da zarar na girka duk abubuwanda ake buƙata kuma aka saita su kuma suke aiki, sai na ɗauki hoto don idan wani abu ya faru, zan iya dawo da tsarin daga wannan yanayin da komai ke aiki a kowane lokaci.
Yi amfani da CYA akan Linux
Idan baka sani ba CYA Na gabatar muku da shi, kodayake kuna iya samun bayanai da yawa daga ciki shafin yanar gizon daga masu kirkirarta. Kamar yadda na fada a baya, yana bamu damar daukar hoton tsarin mu daga Bash, tunda kayan aiki ne don bude hanya don wannan harsashi da lambar asalinsa wanda zaka iya samu akan gidan yanar gizon GitHub. Ba wai kawai yana aiki a kan Linux ba, har ma a kan kowane tsarin aiki na Unix tare da wannan kwasfa kamar FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, da dai sauransu.
CYA bisa ka'ida yana aiki a ƙarƙashin kowane tsarin fayil, tunda kayan aiki ne gaba ɗaya zaman kanta daga FS kuma ba'a iyakance shi ga nativean asalin ƙasar nan na waɗannan * tsarin nix kamar ext2, ext3, ext4, UFS, XFS, ZFS, btrfs, da dai sauransu, wani abu da ake yabawa lokacin da muke aiki tare da yawancin waɗannan tsarukan a cikin OS ɗin mu, tunda wasu Manhajoji don yin wannan nau'in kwafin dogaro ko iyakance ga wasu FS.
Tare da CYA zamu iya sauƙaƙe sarrafa kansa kwafin tsarinmu da kuma sarrafa su cikin sauki dan kiyaye ka koyaushe daga duk wata barazana, walau malware, kura-kurai a cikin masarrafin kanta, matsalolin kafofin watsa labarai na ajiya, ko kurakuran gudanarwa.
para ta amfani da CYA zaka iya bin waɗannan matakai masu sauƙi:
- Saukewa CYA ZIP fayil daga mahadar da na bar muku a baya.
- Kasa kwancewa ka bashi izini 755 ko 700 zuwa fayil ɗin da ake kira cya:
chmod 700 cya
- Idan kana so zaka iya kwafa cya a cikin hanyar / gida / sunanku / bin / ko a cikin / usr / na gida / bin don iya aiwatar da shi ta hanyar kiran sunansa kawai ba tare da zuwa kundin adireshi inda yake ba kowane lokaci ...
- Yanzu zaku iya yin sharhi gudanar da shi (don samun rubutun dawowa wanda ake kira recovery.sh kuma cewa dole ne ku ajiye akan USB ko wani wuri mai aminci, yayin da umarni na biyu yana da amfani ga zaɓuɓɓukan da zaku iya amfani dasu):
cya script cya help
- Don ƙirƙirar a madadin mirgina daidaito zaka iya gudu:
cya save
- Madadin haka, idan kun ƙirƙiri rubutun recovery.sh ta hanyar rubutun cya, zaku iya dawo da tsarin daga kowane ɗayan kwafin da kuka yi ta aiwatar da rubutun:
./recovery.sh
Kar ka manta barin ra'ayoyin ku, shakku, shawarwari, da sauransu. Yanzu ba ku da uzuri don rashin kiyaye kyawawan manufofin kwafi don tsarinku ...