A yau Linux Kernel yana bikin cika shekaru 30 kuma har yanzu yana da abubuwa da yawa da zai bayar

A farkon watan mun saki bayanin bikin cika shekaru 30 na buga gidan yanar gizon farko, gaskiyar cewa babu alamar tarihi kuma a koyaushe ina da ɗan alaƙa da Linux, tunda duka biyun gidan yanar gizon farko da kuma samfurin farko na Linux Kernel suna tafiya hannu da hannu, tunda duka biyun an sake su a cikin shekara guda.

Tunda 25 ga Agusta, 1991, bayan watanni biyar na ci gaba, Dalibin mai shekaru 21 Linus Torvalds talla a cikin kiran taron comp.os.minix Ina aiki akan samfur mai aiki na sabon tsarin aiki Linux, wanda aka kammala ɗaukar nauyin bash 1.08 da gcc 1.40. An fito da wannan sigar jama'a ta farko na Linux kernel a ranar 17 ga Satumba.

Kernel 0.0.1 ya kasance 62 KB a cikin tsari mai matsawa kuma ya ƙunshi kusan layin dubu 10 na lambar tushe wanda idan aka kwatanta da kwaron Linux na yau yana da layuka sama da miliyan 28.

Dangane da binciken da Tarayyar Turai ta ba da izini a cikin 2010, ƙimar kuɗaɗen haɓaka aikin da ya yi kama da kwaron Linux na zamani daga karce zai kasance sama da dala biliyan (ƙididdige lokacin da kernel ɗin ke da layuka miliyan 13), a cewar wani kiyasin sama da biliyan 3.

A bit game Linux

Kernel na Linux An yi wahayi zuwa ga tsarin aikin MINIX, wanda Linus bai so ba tare da iyakance lasisi. Daga baya, lokacin da Linux ta zama sanannen aikin, mugaye sun yi ƙoƙarin tuhumar Linus da kwafin lambar kai tsaye wasu nau'ikan tsarin MINIX.

Marubucin MINIX ya tunkude harin, Andrew Tanenbaum, wanda ya umarci ɗalibi ya yi cikakken kwatancen lambar Minix tare da nau'ikan jama'a na farko na Linux. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna kasancewar wasanni guda huɗu kawai na sakaci saboda lambar POSIX da ANSI C.

Linus asalin tunanin tunanin kernel Freax, daga kyauta, freak da X (Unix). Amma kwaya ta sami sunan "Linux" tare da hannun Ari Lemmke, wanda, bisa buƙatar Linus, ya sanya kwaya a kan uwar garken FTP na jami'a, yana mai ba da adireshi tare da fayil ɗin ba "freax," kamar yadda Torvalds ya buƙaci, amma "Linux".

Musamman, ɗan kasuwa William Della Croce ya sami nasarar yin alamar kasuwanci ta Linux kuma yana son tattara sarauta akan lokaci, amma daga baya ya canza shawara kuma ya canza duk haƙƙoƙin zuwa alamar kasuwanci ga Linus. An zaɓi mascot ɗin hukuma na kernel na Linux, Tux penguin, ta hanyar gasar da aka gudanar a 1996. Sunan Tux yana tsaye ne don Torvalds UniX.

Game da ci gaban Kernel a cikin shekaru 30 da suka gabata:

• 0.0.1 - Satumba 1991, layin lambobi dubu 10
• 1.0.0 - Maris 1994, Layi dubu 176
• 1.2.0 - Maris 1995, Layi dubu 311
• 2.0.0 - Yuni 1996, layuka dubu 778
• 2.2.0 - Janairu 1999, layuka miliyan 1,8
• 2.4.0 - Janairu 2001, layuka miliyan 3,4
• 2.6.0 - Disamba 2003, layuka miliyan 5,9
• 2.6.28 - Disamba 2008, layuka miliyan 10,2
• 2.6.35 - Agusta 2010, layuka miliyan 13,4
• 3.0 - Agusta 2011, layuka miliyan 14,6
• 3.5 - Yuli 2012, layuka miliyan 15,5
• 3.10 - Yuli 2013, layuka miliyan 15,8
• 3.16 - Agusta 2014, layuka miliyan 17,5
• 4.1 - Yuni 2015, layuka miliyan 19,5
• 4.7 - Yuli 2016, layuka miliyan 21,7
• 4.12 - Yuli 2017, layuka miliyan 24,1
• 4.18 - Agusta 2018, layuka miliyan 25,3
• 5.2 - Yuli 2019, layuka miliyan 26,55
• 5.8 - Agusta 2020, layuka miliyan 28,4
• 5.13 - Yuni 2021, layuka miliyan 29,2

Yayin da ɓangaren ci gaba da labarai:

• Satumba 1991: Linux 0.0.1, sakin jama'a na farko wanda kawai ke goyan bayan i386 CPU da takalmi daga faifan floppy.
  Janairu 1992: Linux 0.12, an fara rarraba lambar a ƙarƙashin lasisin GPLv2
• Maris 1992: Linux 0.95, ya ba da ikon gudanar da Tsarin Window na X, goyan baya ga ƙwaƙwalwar kama -da -wane da musayar musanyawa, da rabe -raben SLS na farko da Yggdrasil sun bayyana.
• A lokacin rani na 1993, An kafa ayyukan Slackware da Debian.
  Maris 1994: Linux 1.0, sigar barga ta farko a hukumance.
  Maris 1995: Linux 1.2, ƙaruwa mai mahimmanci a cikin adadin direbobi, tallafi ga dandamali na Alpha, MIPS da SPARC, faɗaɗa ƙarfin tari na cibiyar sadarwa, bayyanar fakitin fakiti, tallafin NFS.
• Yuni 1996: Linux 2.0, tallafi don tsarin sarrafawa da yawa.
• Janairu 1999: Linux 2.2, haɓaka tsarin sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ƙara tallafi don IPv6, aiwatar da sabon firewall, gabatar da sabon tsarin sauti.
• Featurer daga 2001: Linux 2.4, tallafi don tsarin sarrafawa 8 da 64 GB na RAM, tsarin fayil na Ext3, USB, tallafin ACPI.
• Disamba 2003: Linux 2.6, tallafin SELinux, kayan aikin gyaran kernel na atomatik, sysfs, tsarin sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
• A cikin Satumba 2008, an ƙirƙiri sigar farko ta dandamalin Android dangane da kernel na Linux.
• A watan Yulin 2011, bayan shekaru 10 na bunƙasa reshen 2.6.x, an yi sauyi zuwa lambar 3.x.
• A 2015, Linux 4.0, adadin abubuwan git a cikin wurin ajiya ya kai miliyan 4.
• A watan Afrilu na 2018, Na shawo kan shingen abubuwa miliyan 6 git-core a cikin ma'ajiyar ajiya.
• A watan Janairun 2019, An kafa reshen kernel Linux 5.0.
• An buga a watan Agusta 2020, kernel 5.8 shine mafi girma dangane da yawan canje -canjen dukkan kernels a duk tsawon rayuwar aikin.
• A 2021, lambar don haɓaka direbobi a cikin harshen Rust an ƙara shi zuwa reshe na gaba na kernel Linux.