Dabarun rage software na Specter basu isa ba

Kwanan nan kungiyar masu binciken da ke aiki da Google sun yi jayayya cewa zai yi wuya a kauce wa kurakurai da suka shafi Specter a nan gaba, sai dai idan an yi amfani da CPUs sosai.

A cewarsu, dabarun rage kayan masarufi kadai ba zai wadatar ba. Don kaucewa amfani da irin wannan lahani na kayan masarufi, magance hanyoyin magance software waɗanda suke la'akari da mafi yawansu basu cika ba.

Game da Bakan

Dole ne mu tuna da hakan godiya ga Google ne da muka san cewa mawuyacin yanayin lahani da ya shafi kwakwalwan zamani kuma tabbas dukkan masana'antar semiconductor, sun fi shafar 86-bit Intel x64 CPUs.

Amma wadannan lamuran tsaro suma suna shafar masu sarrafawa bisa tsarin gine-ginen ARM (Samsung, Qualcomm, MediaTek, Apple, Huawei, da dai sauransu) zuwaee kamar gine-ginen CPU da IBM ya haɓaka kuma zuwa ƙarami zuwa ga masu sarrafa AMD.

Mai kallo ya dace da bambance-bambancen guda biyu na farko: 1 (Kewaya Duba Kewaya) da kuma 2 (Injection Inpass Branch) Kamfanin Mountain View ne ya gano waɗannan mawuyacin yanayin raunin kuma ya fallasa su da takamaiman nau'ikan hare-hare masu alaƙa.

Specter yana fasa shingen tsakanin aikace-aikace kuma yana bawa maharin damar samun bayanan sirri a asirce akan aikace-aikace masu gudana, koda kuwa suna da kariya.

Bude rami ɗaya don rufe wani

Masu binciken Google sun gano que ana iya cin zarafin lokacin data processor na zamani wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don dawo da bayanai ba bisa ka'ida ba daga kwamfuta.

Wannan fasalin ana amfani dashi da mafi yawan masana'antar zamani don inganta aikin, amma kuma yana iya haifar da babbar matsalar tsaro.

Masu binciken Google sun iya nuna cewa maharan na iya amfani da wannan fasalin (wanda kuma aka sani da zartarwa) don amfani da matakan matakin mai amfani ta hanyar keta MMU da karanta abubuwan cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kernel.

Kwamfutar da yakamata ta kasance bata isa gare su ba. Wannan matsalar ta kayan aiki ce, ma'ana, tana nufin kwakwalwan da ba za a iya sake tsara su ba Ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da faci ta hanyar microcode don gyara dukkan nau'ikan bambance-bambancen tsaro da aka saukar a cikin watanni 14 da suka gabata, musamman ga raunin Specter.

Don magance wannan matsala yadda ya kamata, zai zama wajibi ne don amfani da dabarun keɓance teburin taswira ko tsara sabbin masu sarrafawa tare da sake fasalin gine-ginen da suka dace.

A cikin takaddar da ArXiv ta rarrabaMasu bincike a reshen Alphabet yanzu suna tabbatar da cewa duk masu sarrafawa da ke tallafawa aiwatar da hasashe na kasancewa mai saukin kai wa ga hare-hare ta tashar tashar daban-daban, duk da matakan rage kaifin da za a iya ganowa a nan gaba.

Wadannan gazawar dole ne a gyara su ta kowane hali

A cewar su, Don gyara ainihin kwari masu alaƙa da Specter na yanzu da kuma nan gaba da barazanar da suke yi, dole ne masu zanen CPU suyi ƙoƙari don bayar da sabbin gine-gine don microprocessors.

Intel ta ce za ta haɗa da gyara kayan aiki don kwari takamaiman sanannen kayan aiki ne a cikin kwakwalwan sa na gaba.

Matsalar, a cewar masu binciken Google, ita ce lAna ɗaukar kwari masu alaƙa da Specter cikakken aji da kuma cewa, a Bugu da kari, rashin lafiyar da ke da nasaba da aiwatar da hasashe na musamman ya fi dacewa da kai hare-hare ta tashar tashar.

Masu binciken Google sun gabatar da shawarwari da dama da dama, Waɗannan sun haɗa da cikakken kashe aikin zato, da kuma daidai haɓakar jinkiri da ƙarshe "ɓoyewa".

Masu binciken Google Sun kuma nuna cewa waɗannan matakan ragewa ba tare da matsaloli ba kuma ana iya aiwatar da wannan hukuncin idan aka aiwatar dashi.

A ƙarshe su Sun karkare da cewa Specter na iya yin matukar kyau ga sunansakamar dai da alama an ƙaddara ta daɗe mana.

Wanda ke nuna gaskiyar cewa mun daɗe muna mai da hankali kan yin aiki da rikitarwa bisa lamuran tsaro.