Kukhona ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux okuningana esingakubiza ngokuthi “mama distros”, njengeDebian, Arch, Slackware, Fedora, njll., okuvela kuyo abanye abaningi. Usuwazi iningi labo, njengoba sike sakhuluma ngabo kule bhulogi. Noma kunjalo, muva nje kuzalwa amaphrojekthi amasha e-distro kuyathakazelisa futhi kubonakala sengathi banganikeza okuningi ukukhuluma ngakho. Kungakho kulesi sihloko sikukhombisa lezi zinto ezintsha emhlabeni we-GNU/Linux ukuze ukwazi ukuzithola futhi ube nohlu oluhambisana nazo. i-distro yethu ephezulu yango-2022.
vanilla OS
Okunye okusatshalaliswa kweLinux ohlwini lwethu vanilla OS. Iphrojekthi ethembisayo futhi enesifiso sokuvelela okufanele wazi ngayo. Le distro isuselwe ku-Ubuntu, kepha ayiguquki, okungukuthi, iningi lesistimu yayo yefayela ifundwa kuphela futhi izibuyekezo azilubhali ngaphezulu uhlelo lwefayela. Ngale ndlela, uma kukhona okungahambi kahle ngesibuyekezo, ingalandwa futhi ibuyiselwe ngokuzenzakalelayo enguqulweni yasekuqaleni, ukuze uhlale unesistimu yokusebenza ezinzile. Nokho, isakhiwo sokuhlukanisa ukuze lokhu kwenzeke siyinkimbinkimbi impela.
Esinye isici esiphawulekayo se-Vanilla OS yilokho ihlanganisa i-Distrobox. Leli ithuluzi elikuvumela ukuthi udale iziqukathi zokusatshalaliswa kweLinux phakathi kwabanye, okungukuthi, sengathi uneWindows WSL, kodwa ku-Vanilla OS distro yakho. Ngaleyo ndlela ungafaka futhi usebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ngokwendabuko kunoma iyiphi enye i-distro oyifunayo ngaphandle kokushiya i-Vanilla OS njengohlelo oluyisisekelo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukusho ukuthi i-Vanilla OS iyi-distro ene- Umphathi wephakheji obizwa nge-Apx, nokuthi iyahambisana nezinhlelo ezintathu zephakeji yendawo yonke (i-Snap, i-Flatpak ne-AppImage), ngakho inani lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo kulokhu kusatshalaliswa likhulu kakhulu. Futhi konke lokho endaweni ehlanzekile ye-GNOME, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezenziwe ngokwezifiso nama-plugin Ubuntu angezayo, ngakho-ke kufana nesipiliyoni se-Fedora.
Iphrojekthi yeNobara
Okulandelayo ohlwini lwe-distros yethu encane Iphrojekthi yeNobara. Le phrojekthi ikhishwe ngo-2023, futhi iyinguqulo eguquliwe ye-Fedora enezinguquko ezithile ukuze isebenziseke kalula. Vele, akuyona i-spin esemthethweni noma ukunambitheka kwe-Fedora, kodwa iphrojekthi ezimele ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezinhlelo ezintathu: i-GNOME (ngokwezifiso), i-GNOME (ejwayelekile) ne-KDE Plasma.
Ukwenza izinto zibe lula kakhulu kule "Fedora", yonke into yenziwe ukuze abasebenzisi bavele bachofoze futhi bajabulele okuhlangenwe nakho okulula kakhulu. Okusho ukuthi, abasebenzisi akudingeki bavule itheminali futhi usebenze kumodi yombhalo cishe lutho. Vele, ikwenze kwaba lula nokufaka amaphakheji engeziwe afana ne-Steam, i-Lutris, Iwayini, i-OBS Studio, ama-codec we-multimedia, abashayeli be-GPU abasemthethweni, njll., kanye nokunika amandla amakhosombe afana ne-RPM Fusion ne-FlatHub ngokuzenzakalelayo.
I-RisiOS
I-RisiOS Kungenye yokusabalalisa okuncane futhi kusekelwe ku-Fedora. Kulokhu wazalelwa e-American Pacific Northwest, ikakhulukazi eSeattle. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza luyakwazi ukunikeza izici zakamuva zokusika ngaphandle kokuphula noma yini phakathi nemijikelezo yokukhululwa njengamanye ama-distros, ukuze ukwazi ukulindela uhlelo olunakamuva, kodwa oluzinzile kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-RisiOS iphinde izuze ifa ku-Fedora ezinye zezici zayo, njengokusekelwe kuseva yesithombe ye-Wayland, ukuze kube nendawo yesimanjemanje, uhlelo lwefayela le-btrfs, noma iphrojekthi edumile yePipewire, phakathi kwezinye izici eziningi ezithakazelisayo. Futhi, vele, njengendawo yedeskithophu igcina i-GNOME njengaku-distro yomzali wayo.
Kumander Linux
Kumander Linux i-distro ehlonipha amakhompyutha amadala e-Commodore. Kodwa-ke, baye babheka ukuthintwa kogqozi ohlelweni lokusebenza lwe-Microsoft Windows 7. Eqinisweni, uma ubheka kuqala imvelo yedeskithophu yale distro ungase ucabange ukuthi usesistimu ye-Redmond, nakuba ingekho. Ngakho.
Inhloso ebekwe onjiniyela bayo ukunikeza imvelo elula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kulabo bantu abavela emafasiteleni, ukuze bangalahleki ekuqaleni kwe-Linux emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, enye yezinjongo ukubuyisa izithonjana ezimibalabala namaphephadonga amahle.
Ezingeni lobuchwepheshe, lokhu I-distro isuselwe ku-Debian, ukuze ukwazi ukulindela indawo eqinile futhi ezinzile, ngaphezu kokukhetha imvelo yedeskithophu ye-XFCE (elungisiwe) ukuze unikeze isistimu engasindi engafakwa kumakhompyutha anezinsiza ezimbalwa noma ama-laptops. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le distro kufanele ibonakale kulo nyaka wonke enguqulweni yayo yokugcina, ngoba okwamanje kutholakala Umuntu Ozokhishwa 1 kuphela...
exodia OS
Ngo-2022 kwethulwa okunye ukusatshalaliswa okusekelwe ku-Arch Linux, kuleli cala igama layo exodia OS. Ngokungafani namanye amaphrojekthi athathwe ku-Arch angalethi okuningi okusha, kulokhu sinezindaba ezinhle, njengendawo yedeskithophu ekhanyayo kakhulu esekelwe kumphathi wewindi le-BSPWM namawijethi e-EWW. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igxile kochwepheshe be-cybersecurity, ihlinzeka ngenani elihle lezicelo ukuze benze ukuhlola.
Futhi, kuyinto customizable ngokwedlulele. Eyakho Igobolondo elizenzakalelayo yi-ZSH, esikhundleni sokuba yi-Bash njengokusatshalaliswa okuningi. Futhi uma lokho kungenele kuwe, kuhlanganisa negobolondo le-Microsoft Powershell elifakwe ngaphambili. Futhi, njengelukuluku elingeziwe, qaphela ukuthi linikeza inguqulo ethile yamalaptops ochungechunge lwe-Acer Predator.
XeroLinux
Okokugcina, nathi sinokusatshalaliswa XeroLinux. Le distro yakhiwe eLebanon futhi isekelwe ku-Arch Linux. Idalwe ngemibhalo ye-ArcoLinux ALCI. Iphinde ibe nokusekelwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kwamakhosombe e-AUR kanye namaphakheji e-Flatpak.
Ezinye zezici zayo zifaka imvelo yayo yedeskithophu ye-KDE Plasma, isifaki se-Calamares, Isistimu yefayela ye-XFS, Isitolo sangaphambili se-Pamac GUI, imenenja yefayela le-Dolphin, i-Konsole njengetheminali, kanye nethuluzi lokuphatha amandla le-System76. Kukho konke lokhu kumele sengeze ukuthi i-XeroLinux nayo iza nezindikimba zokwenza ngokwezifiso zemvelo yedeskithophu, kanye nezindikimba zangokwezifiso ze-GRUB.
I-Nobara Project ibikhona kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2022, hhayi i-2023.