Ukusabalalisa kwe-Linux Okuhamba phambili kwango-2022

Isistimu yokusebenza ye-GNU/Linux itholakala ku-flavour eminingi noma ama-distros. Ngo-2022 senze ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu futhi umphumela umi kanje. Njengoba uzobona, kukhona uhlu lwakho konke okuthandayo nezidingo. Ngakho nalu uhlu nge Ukusatshalaliswa okuhle kweLinux 2022 ngencazelo, isixhumanisi sokulanda, kanye nabasebenzisi esihloselwe bona. Khumbula ukuthi ukukhetha kuphela, nokuthi maningi amanye ama-distros amahle. Kodwa lezi yizona esizithande kakhulu:

Kubuntu

Ilungele: kubo bonke abasebenzisi ngokujwayelekile, noma ngabe inhloso yabo.

Ubuntu bungenye yokusabalalisa okuthandwa kakhulu, akungabazeki ngalokho. Kepha kulabo abangaluthandanga ushintsho kusuka ku-Unity Shell kuya ku-GNOME noma abangathandi ngokuqondile i-GNOME, unenye indlela enhle esebenza kahle, njengokuthi I-Kubuntu, esekelwe kwimvelo yedeskithophu ye-KDE Plasma. Isizathu sokuthandwa kwayo ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux okuthembekile nokusekelwa kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ayiyona inkimbinkimbi nhlobo, ngakho-ke kungaba okuhlosiwe okuhle uma usanda kushintsha kusuka kuWindows kuya kuLinux.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-KDE Plasma isiphenduke indawo yedeskithophu elula kakhulu, ene- ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zehadiwe ngaphansi kwe-GNOME, ngakho-ke kuhle kakhulu ukuba nale ndawo ukuze ungamoshi izinsiza futhi ugxile kulokho okubaluleke ngempela kuwe. Futhi hhayi lokho kuphela, "yehlisiwe" ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa i-iota yamandla ayo kanye nekhono lokuyenza ngendlela oyifisayo. Futhi khumbula ukuthi izinhlelo ze-GNOME nazo ziyahambisana ne-KDE Plasma futhi okuphambene nalokho, kufanele nje wenelise ukuncika kwemitapo yolwazi edingekayo.

Ngenxa yokuduma, i ukusekelwa kwehadiwe kuhle kakhuluEqinisweni, iCanonical yenza izivumelwano namabhrendi ahlukene ukuthuthukisa lokhu kusekelwa. Futhi ku-inthanethi ungathola usizo oluningi...

Landa uKubuntu

I-Linux Mint

Ilungele: kwabaqalayo nalabo abasuka ku-Windows baye ku-Linux.

I-LinuxMint ithola ukuthandwa kakhulu kanye no-Ubuntu ngenxa yokusebenziseka kalula.. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lusekelwe ku-Ubuntu/Debian futhi, futhi lunamathuluzi alo asebenzayo okwenza lula ukuphatha kanye neminye imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Kuyinto a ukumiselela okuhle kweWindows ngoba ideskithophu yeCinnamon inikeza ulwazi lwedeskithophu olufana nesistimu yokusebenza ye-Microsoft. Futhi okuhle kunakho konke, ayidli izinsiza eziningi zehadiwe, nayo enhle.

Njengo-Ubuntu, i-LinuxMint nayo inakho umphakathi omkhulu ku-inthanethi ukuze uthole usizo uma kudingeka.

Landa i-Linux Mint

I-Zorin OS

Ilungele: bonke abasebenzisi.

I-Zorin OS ingenye ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux okusekelwe ku-Ubuntu kanye ne isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo samanje nesisebenziseka kalula. Ngenkathi iphrojekthi iqala ngo-2008, into yokuqala yabathuthukisi kwakuwukwenza uhlelo olusebenziseka kalula olususelwe ku-Linux, futhi baphumelele ngempela.

I-Zorin OS iyatholakala ukuze uyilande futhi uyifake ku izinhlelo ezintathu ezihlukene:

• ngoba inesakhiwo sedeskithophu eyi-premium efana ne-macOS noma Windows 11, kodwa kuzodingeka ukhokhe ukuze uyilande. Iphinde iza nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokudala zezinga lochwepheshe kanye nesofthiwe yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe.
• Core Kuyinguqulo efana neyangaphambili, nakuba iphelele kancane kuneyangaphambili. Kodwa ngokubuyisela kumahhala.
• Lite Inguqulo encane kunazo zonke kulezi ezintathu, futhi imahhala.
  

Landa i-Zorin OS

i-OS eyisisekelo

Ilungele: kulabo abafuna indawo enhle futhi efana ne-macOS.

I-OS yokuqala ingenye ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux enendawo yokwakha. Ideskithophu ecwengeke kakhulu nenhle, ene-interface ehlanzekile, yesimanje, futhi efana ne-macOS kuzo zonke izici. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohliswa ukubukeka kwayo, kufihlwe ngaphansi kwayo i-distro enamandla esekwe ku-Ubuntu.

Uhlelo lwakamuva lwe I-Elementary OS yi-OS 6 Odin, eza noshintsho olubonakalayo olubalulekile kanye nezindaba ngokwemisebenzi. Izici ezintsha zifaka ukusekela kokuthinta okuningi, imodi entsha emnyama, i-sanboxing yohlelo lokusebenza ukuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka, nesifaki esisha esisebenziseka kalula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumahhala ngokuphelele futhi kuyabuhlonipha ubumfihlo bakho, ngakho-ke kuncane ongakucela.

Landa i-elementaryOS

MXLinux

Ilungele i: labo abafuna ukuzinza, ukukhululeka namandla ku-distro efanayo.

I-MX Linux ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux okungathathwa njengokungasindi, okunezindawo zedeskithophu ezifana ne-XFCE, i-KDE Plasma ne-Fluxbox. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaduma kakhulu ngokuba uzinzile futhi unamandla, futhi iqiniso liwukuthi, nakuba lingasetshenziswa kakhulu, lihlala likuhlu lwama-distros angcono kakhulu.

Le distro yavela ngo-2014, Isekelwe ku-Debian kanye nezinye izinguquko ezithakazelisayo, njengendawo eguquliwe yedeskithophu ukuze kusetshenziswe intofontofo kulabo abavela ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo ezifana neWindows noma i-macOS. Konke kulula futhi kulula ukukusebenzisa ingxenye enkulu.

Landa i-MX Linux

I-Nitrux

Ilungele: abasebenzisi abasha be-Linux nabathandi be-KDE.

I-Nitrux iyi-distro elandelayo ohlwini. Ithuthukiswe kusisekelo se-Debian kanye nemvelo yedeskithophu ye-KDE Plasma kanye nemitapo yolwazi yezithombe ye-Qt Ngaphezu kwalokho, unokuthile okukhethekile okungeziwe, okufana nokulungiswa kwe-NX yedeskithophu yakho kanye ne-firewall ye-NX ehlanganisa le distro. Njengoba kulula ukuyisebenzisa, abasebenzisi abasha ku-Linux bazozithola benethezekile ngesikhathi sokufuduka, futhi iza nokusekelwa kwe-AppImage ukuze kube lula ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza zomhlaba wonke.

Enye imininingwane enhle ukuthi i-distro inakho umphakathi osebenzayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana lapho ungaxhumana nabo kunoma yisiphi isihloko esihlobene noma umbuzo. Nakuba kungafanele ube nenkinga enkulu ngokusebenzisa lesi esinye isimangaliso...

Landa i-Nitrux

Solus

Ilungele: kubahleli bezinhlelo nabathuthukisi.

Yize i-Ubuntu iyi-distro ethandwa kakhulu phakathi konjiniyela nabahleli bezinhlelo, i-Solus ingaba uhlelo olusebenzayo lwale misebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inendawo yedeskithophu enhle nenhle futhi ebukeka kancane. Ithuthukiswe ngokuzimela, ngokusekelwe ku-Linux kernel futhi ungayithola enezindawo ezifana neBudgie, I-MATE, i-KDE Plasma ne-GNOME. Ngokuqondene nomphathi wephakheji, isebenzisa i-eopkg, okungenzeka ukuthi iyisithiyo esikhulu kubasebenzisi...

I-distro inamandla kakhulu, futhi ingasebenza ngisho nakumakhompyutha ane-hardware enesizotha. Kungaba uhlelo oluhle lokusebenza kulabo abafika ku-Linux okokuqala ngqa, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa futhi ine-interface ezokukhumbuza okuningi kweWindows. Futhi okuhle kunakho konke, iza nayo amathuluzi angapheli afakwe ngaphambilini onjiniyela, okwenza iphelele.

Landa uSolus

Manjaro

Ilungele: abaqalayo nabasebenzisi abanolwazi.

I-Manjaro ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux okusekelwe ku-Arch Linux distro eyaziwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, inhloso yale distro ithi yenza i-Arch ibe isistimu yokusebenza elula ukusebenzisa ngisho nabaqalayo. Futhi iqiniso liwukuthi baphumelele. Nge-Manjaro uzoba nokuthile okuzinzile futhi okuqinile, ngisho nakubasebenzisi abavela ezinhlelweni ezifana neWindows noma i-macOS kungaba inketho uma kubhekwa ubulula bayo.

I-Manjaro iyashesha futhi ihlanganisa amathuluzi azenzakalelayo ukuze uthole isipiliyoni somsebenzisi wokugcina esingenamthungo, esifana nalokhu okwenziwe yiLinux Mint ngo-Ubuntu. Vele, inesifaki esingeke sikunikeze isikhathi esibi njengokufaka i-Arch Linux bareback, kodwa ngakho konke okuhle okuthandayo nge-Arch.

Landa iManjaro

Ukusakaza kweCentOS

Ilungele: amaseva.

I-CentOS Stream ingaba enye indlela enhle kulabo abafuna i- uhlelo lokusebenza oluzinzile noluqinile esikhundleni seRed Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), kodwa umphakathi ugcinwe futhi uvuleke ngokugcwele. Iwukusabalalisa okunamandla futhi ilungele ukufakwa kumaseva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ine-SELinux ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi ezoyinika ukuphepha okukhulu.

Njengoba wazi, i-CentOS isebenzisa i- rpm kanye nomphathi wephakheji we-yum, futhi ingenye ye-distros esekelwe kuphakheji ye-RPM. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzoba nomphakathi wabasebenzisi omangalisayo ukuze uthole ulwazi uma uludinga.

Landa i-CentOS Stream

AsahiLinux

Ilungele i: Amakhompyutha e-Mac anama-chip we-M-Series.

Le distro esekwe ku-Arch Linux yakamuva, yize inikeze izinkulumo eziningi. Kuwukusabalalisa okuthuthukiswe ngokukhethekile ukuze kuhambisane namakhompyutha asekelwe kukho I-Apple Silicon chips, njenge-M1. Ngakho-ke, uma une-Mac futhi ufuna ukusebenzisa i-Linux ngaphandle kwezinkinga zokuhambisana ne-ARM-based CPU noma i-GPU, i-Asahi Linux iyindlela engcono kakhulu ongayithola ngayo. Kodwa-ke, amanye ama-distros nawo akwazile ukufaka ngaphandle kwezinkinga futhi azinzile kulawa makhompyutha...

Landa i-Asahi Linux

I-Kali Linux

Ilungele: wokungena.

I-Kali Linux iyi-distro engcono kakhulu laphaya abaduni noma ochwepheshe bezokuphepha. Isekelwe ku-Debian futhi inenombolo engapheli yamathuluzi afakwe ngaphambili okuhlola, ubunjiniyela obuhlanekezelwe, i-forensics, namanye amathuluzi ophenyo lokuphepha kwekhompyutha. Ayilungele ukusetshenziswa njenge-distro yansuku zonke, kepha uma udinga isistimu yokusebenza yokungena kuzoba yisixazululo esihle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivele inokusekela ukufakwa kwayo kumadivayisi eselula e-Android, i-Raspberry Pi, nama-Chromebook.

Landa i-Kali Linux

vulaSUSE

Ilungele: abaqalayo nabasebenzisi abangochwepheshe abafuna isistimu yokusebenza ezinzile futhi eqinile.

I-openSUSE ingenye yezinhlelo ezinkulu ezisatshalaliswa ze-Linux ebezingashoda kulolu hlu. Le distro igqame ngokususelwa kumaphakheji RPM, futhi uzinze futhi uqine. Njengoba wazi, uzothola izinhlobo ezimbili ze-edishini, eyodwa i-Tumbleweed okuwuhlelo lokukhipha olugingqikayo kanti enye i-Leap okuyi-distro esekelwe isikhathi eside. Ngamanye amazwi, uma ufuna ukuzinza okwengeziwe, i-Leap inketho yakho, futhi uma ufuna okwakamuva kuzici nobuchwepheshe, khetha i-Tumbleweed.

Vele, i-openSUSE iza namathuluzi amaningi awusizo nezinhlelo zokusebenza zabo bobabili abasebenzisi abasha nabachwepheshe be-Linux. ngokuqondene nabaqalayo, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Futhi uzokwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwe-KDE Plasma, GNOME ne-Mate njengendawo yedeskithophu yakho. Futhi omunye umniningwane omuhle engingafuni ukuwukhohlwa ukuthi uyahlanganisa I-YaST, iqoqo elihle lamathuluzi okuphatha futhi ikhona ku-SUSE futhi lokho kuzokwenza imisebenzi eyisisekelo ibe lula kuwe.

Landa i-openSUSE

Fedora

Ilungele: wonke umuntu

I-Fedora ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux kuxhaswe futhi kuhlobene ne-Red Hat ne-CentOS, njengoba wazi kahle. Isekelwa ezinye izinkampani, njengoba kwenzeka ku-Ubuntu. Ngakho-ke, i- ukuzinza, ukuqina, nokuhambisana yale distro ayinakho okulingana nayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingenye yezingxenyekazi ezintsha kakhulu zalabo abafuna ukusebenza ngefu, ngeziqukathi, ezinamaphrinta e-3D, njll. Kungaba kuhle futhi kubathuthukisi, futhi njengoba wazi ukuthi u-Linus Torvalds uyifakile ku-Macbook yakhe ukuze asebenze nayo, ngakho futhi ibamba i-M.

Landa i-Fedora

Umsila

Ilungele: abasebenzisi abathintekayo ngobumfihlo nokungaziwa.

Umsila isifinyezo se Uhlelo lwe-Amnesic Incognito Live, i-distro engasetshenziswa kumodi ebukhoma futhi inhloso yayo kuwukugwema ukugadwa, ukuvimbela kanye nokuzuza ubumfihlo obukhulu kanye nokungaziwa lapho uphequlula iwebhu. Isebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-Tor ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi ineziqephu zakamuva zokumboza ubungozi bakamuva. Futhi, njengoba i-Live, ngeke ishiye umkhondo kukhompuyutha lapho uyisebenzisa khona. Uzoba nochungechunge lwamathuluzi azokusiza ngokuvikeleka, njengamathuluzi okubhala ngemfihlo ukuze ubethele ama-imeyili, amafayela, njll.

Landa imisila

Ukutakula

Ilungele: kochwepheshe be-PC.

I-Rescatux ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux kumodi ebukhoma futhi kususelwa ku-Debian. Akuyona i-distro yosuku nosuku, kodwa ilungele ochwepheshe noma kubasebenzisi abadingayo lungisa ukufakwa kwe-Linux noma kwe-Windows. Le distro isebenzisa iwizadi eyisithombe ebizwa ngokuthi i-Rescapp futhi inamathuluzi okulungisa kalula ukufakwa okonakele noma ama-bootloaders e-Linux ne-Windows. Iphinde ibe namanye amathuluzi amaningi okuxazulula ezinye izinkinga (setha kabusha amagama ayimfihlo akhohliwe, lungisa amasistimu wefayela, ukulungisa ama-partitions, njll.), ngisho nakubasebenzisi abangenalwazi. Futhi konke okunemvelo yedeskithophu engasindi njenge-LXDE.

Landa i-Rescatux

I-Arch Linux

Ilungele: Abasebenzisi abathuthukile.

I-Arch Linux ingenye yokusabalalisa kwe-Linux ezinzile kakhulu etholakalayo, nakuba wazi ukuthi ayilungele abaqalayo njengoba kuyinkimbinkimbi ukuyifaka nokusebenzisa. Kodwa-ke, kusekelwe esimisweni sokulula esenza kube namandla kakhulu futhi ivumela izinga eleqile lokwenza ngokwezifiso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, qaphela ukuthi ilandela imodeli yokukhishwa eqhubekayo, ngakho-ke umsebenzisi uzohlala ethola inguqulo yakamuva ezinzile etholakala ngaleso sikhathi.

Landa i-Arch Linux

Debian

Ilungele: kumaseva nangale kwalokho.

I-Debian ingenye ye imiphakathi yentuthuko emikhulu nehlonishwayo. Lokhu kusatshalaliswa kwagqama ngokuba nzima kakhulu ukukusebenzisa eminyakeni edlule, kodwa manje iqiniso liwukuthi kulula njengabanye, ukususa leso sigcwagcwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingenye yama-distros amadala aqhubeka nanamuhla. Yebo, ivikelekile, izinzile futhi iqinile, ngakho-ke ingaba enye indlela ye-CentOS yamaseva, kodwa kulokhu kusekelwe ekufakweni kwe-DEB. Inokukhishwa kwenguqulo evamile, kanye nezibuyekezo ezivamile nezibushelelezi ukuze uthole iziqephu zakamuva ezidingekayo.

Landa i-Debian

I-Linux ephelele

Ilungele i: abasebenzisi abafuna ukunethezeka nokukhanya.

I-Absolute Linux iyi-distro elula kakhulu eyenzelwe abasebenzisi abafuna a ukugcinwa okulula kanye nokucushwa okulula kakhulu (kufaka phakathi imibhalo nezinsiza zayo). Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lusekelwe ku-Slackware eyaziwayo, kodwa njengoManjaro, ungalindeli ukuthi kube nzima ukuyisebenzisa njengalokhu, abathuthukisi bayo benze yonke into ibe lula kakhulu (kuyiqiniso ukuthi isekelwe emibhalweni hhayi ku-GUI, kodwa iqonde phambili kahle). Uma isifakiwe, uzobona ukuthi iza nomphathi wewindi njenge-IceWM, kanye nenqwaba yamaphakheji afana ne-LibreOffice, Firefox, njll.

Landa i-Absolute Linux

I-Drauger OS

Ilungele i: abadlali bamageyimu.

I-Drauger OS ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux ngokukhethekile yakhelwe ukudlala. Ngakho-ke, kulabo abafuna ukuzijabulisa ngemidlalo yevidiyo, le distro esekwe ku-Ubuntu ingaba yinhle. Iza nezinguquko eziningi nokwenziwa kahle uma kuqhathaniswa no-Ubuntu, ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kwakho nolwazi lokudlala. Isibonelo, i-GNOME ishintshelwe ku-Xfce kanye netimu ezenzakalelayo ye-GTK emnyama, i-kernel eyenziwe kahle, i-PulseAudio ithathelwe indawo yi-Pipewire, njll. Futhi, ngokususelwa ku-Ubuntu, izogcina ukuhambisana okuhle okunikezwa yile distro.

Landa i-Drauger OS

Debianedu/Skolelinux

Ilungele i: abafundi nabafundisi.

Ekugcineni, siphinde sibe nokunye ukusatshalaliswa okukhethekile kakhulu. Lena inguqulo eguquliwe ye-Debian yakhelwe ngokukhethekile izindawo zemfundo. Le distro yakhelwe kucatshangelwa izidingo ezibalulekile zezikole nezikhungo zemfundo. Futhi into engcono kakhulu ukuthi iza nenombolo engapheli yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakwe ngaphambili zalezi zinhloso. Ingaqhubekela phambili, isibonelo, ingaba ilungele amalebhu ekhompiyutha, amaseva, izindawo zokusebenza, neminye imisebenzi edingekayo ezikhungweni zalolu hlobo.

Landa i-Debianedu/Skolelinux

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