I-10 ehamba phambili yokusabalalisa kwe-GNU / Linux ka-2021

Ukusabalalisa okungcono kakhulu kwe-Linux, i-distros engcono kakhulu

Uma unyaka usushiywe ngemuva, kuyenzeka kuhlaziywe ukuthi yiziphi ezike zaba khona ukusatshalaliswa okuhle kakhulu kwe-GNU / Linux kwe-2021. Nakuba, njengoba ngivame ukuphawula, kuyindaba yokunambitha nokuthi umsebenzisi ngamunye uzizwa ekhululekile, nazi ezivelele kakhulu ukusiza ukukhetha okunganqunyiwe, noma abasebenzisi abasanda kufika emhlabeni we-Linux distros abangazi kahle. kungani ukuqala yiphi.

Yini i-distro ehamba phambili? (Imigomo)

thola

Akekho ofanele wonke umuntu. Ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux okungcono kakhulu yikhona ozizwa ukhululeke kakhulu ngakho, kungaba yiGentoo, Arch, noma iSlackware. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunzima kangakanani noma kuyivelakancane kangakanani, uma uthanda, qhubeka. Kodwa-ke, abanye abasebenzisi abanganqunyelwe noma abasanda kungena emhlabeni weLinux, badinga umhlahlandlela, ireferensi ongakhetha kuyo.

Kubasebenzisi abadinga ukunconywa okuthile kanye zivela kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ungabona lezi zihloko:

Indlela yokukhetha i-distro enhle

Uma ungabaza, kungcono ukuhlaziya amapharamitha athile noma izici ze-Linux distros. I amaphuzu afanele kakhulu okufanele unake ukuze ukhethe okungcono kakhulu Yilezi:

  • Ukuqina nokuqinaUma ufuna isistimu yokusebenza ongayisebenzisa ekukhiqizeni, ngokuqinisekile awufuni ukuchitha isikhathi ngeziphazamisi noma izinkinga. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-distros enamandla kakhulu futhi ezinzile esebenza njengamawashi aseSwitzerland. Ezinye izibonelo ezinhle nge-Arch, Debian, Ubuntu, openSUSE, kanye ne-Fedora.
  • Ukuphepha: ukuvikeleka akukwazanga ukushoda, kuyindaba ebalulekile. Ama-Linux distros amaningi ahlonipha ubumfihlo bakho kakhulu kunezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, ngoba awabiki idatha yomsebenzisi, noma okungenani anikeze ukukhetha ukungakwenzi lokho. Nakuba i-GNU / Linux iwuhlelo oluyisisekelo oluvikelekile, ungayethembi, izigebengu ze-inthanethi ziya ngokuya zinaka le sistimu futhi kuba nohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha oluyithintayo. Ngakho-ke, uma uzokhetha i-distro yenkampani noma iseva, lokhu kufanele kube umbandela obalulekile. Okunye okufana ne-SUSE, RHEL, CentOS, njll. kungaba yizimo ezinhle zeseva. Futhi unamaphrojekthi aqondile agxile kwezokuphepha njenge-Whonix, QubeOS, TAILS, njll.
  • Ukuhambisana nokusekelwa- I-Linux kernel isekela inqwaba yezakhiwo ezahlukene, njenge-x86, i-ARM, i-RISC-V, njll. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke ama-distros anikeza lokhu kusekelwa ngokusemthethweni. Ngakho-ke, uma uzosebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa ekwakhiweni okuhlukile, kubalulekile ukuthi uthole ukuthi banokusekelwa okunjalo noma cha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona indaba yabashayeli nokuhambisana kwesofthiwe. Uma kunjalo, Ubuntu kanye ne-distros esekelwe kuyo "izindlovukazi", njengoba kunamaphakheji amaningi kanye nabashayeli bayo (ingenye ethandwa kakhulu).
  • Iphasela: Nakuba amaphakheji ajwayelekile kufanele abe i-RPM, njengoba kucaciswe ku-LBS, iqiniso liwukuthi ukusatshalaliswa okudumile okufana no-Ubuntu kwenze i-DEB yahamba phambili. Ngokufika kwamaphakheji wendawo yonke, ezinye izinkinga zixazululiwe, kodwa uma ufuna ukuba nenani elikhulu lesofthiwe, kungaba izinhlelo zokusebenza noma imidlalo yevidiyo, inketho engcono kakhulu yi-DEB ne-Ubuntu.
  • Ukusetshenziswa: lokhu akuncikile ekusabalaliseni ngokwako, kodwa endaweni yedeskithophu, nakwezinye izingxenye ezifana nomphathi wephakheji, noma ngabe inezinsiza ezisiza ukuphatha njengalezo ezifakwe ku-Linux Mint, noma i-YaST 2 ku-openSUSE / SUSE , njll. Nakuba, ngokuvamile, ukusabalalisa kwamanje kuvame ukuba lula futhi kube nobungane, ngaphandle kokumbalwa ...
  • Ukukhanya vs kuyasinda: ama-distros amaningi esimanje athambekele ekubeni esindayo, okungukuthi, afuna izinsiza eziningi zehadiwe noma asevele asekela i-64-bit. Esikhundleni salokho, kunezindawo zedeskithophu ezingasindi njenge-KDE Plasma ("esiyinciphile" kakhulu muva nje futhi ayiseyona ideskithophu esindayo ebiyiyo), i-LXDE, i-Xfce, njll., kanye ukusabalalisa okulula eyenzelwe amakhompyutha amadala noma ngezinsiza ezimbalwa.
  • Ezinye izici: Enye into okufanele inakwe izintandokazi zakho noma okuthandayo kumasistimu athile. Ngokwesibonelo:
    • SELinux (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL,…) vs AppArmor (Ubuntu, SUSE, openSUSE, Debian…)
    • systemd (iningi) vs SysV init (Devuan, Void, Gentoo, Knoppix,…)
    • I-FHS (iningi) iqhudelana nabanye njengeGoboLinux.
    • njll

Ngalokho kusho, woza hamba uhla olusha kulo nyaka...

I-Linux distros ehamba phambili 2021

Njengakwi i-athikili ye-distros engcono kakhulu ka-2020, kulonyaka kukhona futhi Amaphrojekthi afakiwe okufanele wazi:

Debian

I-Debian 11.2

I-Debian ingenye ye-Linux distros endala futhi isebenza njengesisekelo sokunye ukusatshalaliswa okuningi okufana no-Ubuntu. Isikhathi sokuqala le distro yakhululwa ngo-1993, futhi kusukela lapho igcinwe umphakathi omkhulu eziqhubeka nokuthuthuka kwazo ngokungaphezi. Futhi, nakuba ekuqaleni bekuyi-eyesore ehloselwe abasebenzisi abathuthukile, kancane kancane iye yaba nobungane futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.

Lokhu kusatshalaliswa uthole ukuqashelwa okuningi, futhi ithandwa kakhulu omakadebona be-GNU / Linux. Iphrojekthi ye-mega enamandla ngempela, ezinzile, futhi evikelekile, enenombolo engapheli yamaphakheji esofthiwe atholakalayo kanye nomphathi wayo wephakheji osekelwe ku-DEB. Lokho kwenza kube ukusatshalaliswa okuhle kwakho kokubili ideskithophu namaseva.

Landa i-distro

Solus

Ukukhishwa kwe-Solus OS

I-Solus OS enye iphrojekthi ethokozisayo ene-Linux kernel. Lokhu kuzoba phakathi kokusabalalisa okuhle kakhulu kwango-2021. Iphrojekthi yaqala nge-Evolve OS, futhi kamuva yaba yi-Solus. Yethulwe njengohlelo lokusebenza oluzosetshenziswa umuntu, igxile kulowo mkhakha ngokwemibandela yamaphakheji ozowathola ezindaweni zawo zokugcina, kushiye eceleni ibhizinisi noma isofthiwe yeseva.

Ukukhishwa kokuqala kwe-Solus kwenziwa ngo-2015, futhi okwamanje kubhekwa njenge-distro efanelekile. ezinzile futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Futhi, njengamanye ama-distros amaningi, ungakhetha i-Budgie, GNOME, KDE Plasma, noma imvelo yedeskithophu ye-MATE ngendlela othanda ngayo.

Landa i-distro

I-Zorin OS

I-ZorinOS

I-Zorin OS futhi kufanele ibe khona ohlwini lwama-distros amahle kakhulu. I-distro esekelwe ku-Ubuntu futhi enemvelo yedeskithophu elula kakhulu futhi enomshini ofanayo nowe-Microsoft Windows. Empeleni, ihloselwe abasaqalayo abasuka ku-Windows baye ku-Linux.

Le distro eyethulwe ngo-2009 yinkampani ezinze eDublin iZorin OS Company, igcina enye imfihlo enkulu, ngaphezu kokuphepha, amandla, ukushesha kanye nokuhlonipha ubumfihlo babasebenzisi. Futhi kungenxa yokuthi ivumela abasebenzisi sebenzisa isoftware yomdabu yeWindows ngokusobala kumsebenzisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakhetha phakathi kwezinhlelo ezimbalwa, njenge-Core ne-Lite, zamahhala, kanye ne-Pro, ekhokhelwayo.

Landa i-distro

Manjaro

IManjaro 2022-01-02

I-Arch Linux ingenye ye-distros ethandwa kakhulu, kodwa wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi akuyona eyabasebenzisi abasha ku-Linux. Nokho, kukhona iphrojekthi I-Manjaro, esekelwe ku-Arch, kodwa ilula kakhulu futhi inobungane kubasebenzisi abangafuni izinkinga eziningi.

Lokhu kusatshalaliswa kuyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i umphathi wephakheji ye-pacman, njenge-Arch Linux, futhi iza nemvelo yedeskithophu ye-GNOME, phakathi kokunye.

Landa i-distro

vulaSUSE

kuvulwa

Impela, iphrojekthi ye-openSUSE ayikwazanga ukushoda ohlwini lokusatshalaliswa okuhle kakhulu konyaka. Lona omunye wamaphrojekthi anomphakathi oqinile futhi osekelwa izinkampani ezifana ne-AMD ne-SUSE. Ingabe i-distro egqama ngokuqina kwayo futhi ngenxa yokuthi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kuzo zonke izinhlobo zabasebenzisi.

Ungakhetha phakathi kwezinketho ezimbili zokulanda:

  • Ngakolunye uhlangothi unayo vulaSUSE Tumbleweed, okuyi-distro elandela indlela yokukhula yokukhululwa, enezibuyekezo eziqhubekayo.
  • Enye ingukuthi vulaSUSE Leap, ehloselwe abasebenzisi abangochwepheshe abadinga ukusekelwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zakamuva nezinguqulo zakamuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ilandela umqondo we-Jump, ohlanganisa i-openSUSE backports kanye ne-SUSE Linux Enterprise binaries.

Landa i-distro

Fedora

I-Fedora 35

I-Fedora iyi-distro ixhaswe ngabakwaRed Hat njengokwazi kwakho. Kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa futhi izinzile. Inomphathi wephakheji ye-DNF, ngokusekelwe kumaphakheji e-RPM. Ungathola inani elikhulu lamaphakheji afakwe kuqala, namanye amaningi apakishwe kule sistimu.

Isikhathi sokuqala i-Fedora yakhululwa ngo-2003 futhi kusukela lapho ibilokhu iphakathi kokusatshalaliswa okuhle kakhulu konyaka ngamunye. Futhi, uma uthanda Ukuphrinta kwe-3D, le distro ingezinye ezinokwesekwa okungcono kakhulu kwayo.

Landa i-distro

i-elementaryOS

i-OS eyisisekelo

Enye yalezo distros ukuthi ithanda iso lenyama ngokubukeka kwayo okuyingcaca iyi-OS eyisisekelo. Isistimu yokusebenza esekelwe ku-Ubuntu LTS futhi yathuthukiswa yi-Elementary Inc. Yakhelwe ukuthi ibe nendawo efana ne-macOS, ngakho ingaba isiqalo esihle kulabo abafika besuka ohlelweni lwe-Apple.

Sebenzisa a imvelo yedeskithophu yangokwezifiso ebizwa nge-PantheonIyashesha, ivulekile, ihlonipha ubumfihlo, inamaphakheji amaningi atholakalayo, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi inhle. Futhi, kunjalo, kufaka phakathi inqwaba yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakwe ngaphambili ukuze ungaphuthelwa lutho.

Landa i-distro

I-MX Linux

I-MX Linux 19

I-MX Linux nayo ibhekwa njengenye yezindawo ezihamba phambili zokusabalalisa i-Linux. Isekelwe ku-Debian futhi yakhululwa okokuqala ngo-2014. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, le phrojekthi ibangele ukukhuluma okuningi, phakathi kwezinye izinto nikeza okuhlangenwe nakho okulula kubasebenzisi abasha.

Iqale njengephrojekthi phakathi komphakathi we-MEPIS eyajoyinwa i-antiX ukuze ithuthuke. Futhi, phakathi kwezinto ezinhle kakhulu zale distro, uzothola kulula Amathuluzi asekelwe ku-GUI okuphatha kalula, njengesifaki sesithombe esilula kakhulu, isistimu yegraphical yokushintsha i-kernel, ithuluzi lokuthatha izifinyezo, njll.

Landa i-distro

Ubuntu

Ubuntu 21.10 nge-GNOME 40

Vele, ohlwini olunokusabalalisa kweLinux okungcono kakhulu Ubuntu angeke buphuthelwe, njengoba iCanonical's distro enye yezintandokazi. Isekelwe ku-Debian, kodwa kusukela le phrojekthi yaqala bagxile ekunikezeni i-distro elula nesebenziseka kalula. Inokunambitheka okuningana ongakhetha kukho okufana no-Ubuntu (GNOME), Kubuntu (KDE Plasma), njll.

Ineyodwa ye-hardware engcono kakhulu yokukhweza, ngaphezu kokuba nokusekelwa kwesofthiwe engcono kakhulu, kusukela ekubeni enye ye-distros ethandwa kakhulu abathuthukisi abaningi abayiphakheji kuphela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba nabasebenzisi abaningi, kukhona futhi umphakathi osebenza kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukubuza imibuzo noma ukuxazulula izinkinga zakho.

Landa i-distro

I-Linux Mint

I-Xreader ku-Linux Mint

Okokugcina, okunye okusatshalaliswa okuhle kweLinux yiLinux Mint. Isekelwe ku-Ubuntu ne-Debian, imahhala futhi inikwa amandla umphakathi omkhulu. Inenani elikhulu lamaphakheji atholakalayo, isikhombimsebenzisi sayo kulula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi inamathuluzi ayo amaningi okwenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwayo kanye nokuphathwa kwesistimu.

Kusukela yethulwa okokuqala ngo-2006, ayikayeki ukuvela nokuba ngcono. Futhi-ke ungaphinda ukhethe ezindaweni eziningi zedeskithophu.

Landa i-distro


Amazwana ayi-4, shiya okwakho

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

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  1. Unomthwalo wemfanelo ngedatha: AB Internet Networks 2008 SL
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   UFernando Bautista kusho

    I-Linux Mint isakaza kahle kakhulu futhi izoba njalo nakakhulu uma ingancikile ku-Ubuntu futhi ekugcineni baya ngqo ku-Debian, ngiyaqonda ukuthi lolu uhlelo, yingakho i-LMDE ikhona.

    Njengamanje i-FlatPak iyimenenja yephakheji engcono kakhulu ngenhla kwe-Snap, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisheshayo, ezivikelekile, izithonjana zedeskithophu azilahleki futhi izinhlelo eziqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zibuyekeze ngokushesha kanye nemininingwane eyenza i-Linux Mint isabalalise kahle kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezindawo, ikakhulukazi ezomuntu siqu, ezemfundo nezamabhizinisi.

    https://linuxmint.com/

  2.   ana kusho

    I-MX Linux (XFCE) !!!!!!

  3.   U-Antonio José Masiá kusho

    Konke kuhle, manje, ngokubona kwami, okuhle kakhulu akukho, NixOS ?

  4.   ocebile kusho

    ngokuthanda kwami ​​kubukeka kanje 1 linux mint 2 ubuntu 3 zorin os 4 pop os