Ildar Rakhmatulin, umcwaningi e-Imperial College e-UK, usungule umshini lokho iguqula i-Raspberry Pi ibe i-brain-computer interface
Le divayisi ishaye ucingo I-PiEEG, iyimojuli eyengeziwe exhuma ku-Raspberry Pi. Njengamanye amadivaysi e-electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG) kanye ne-electrocardiography (ECG), i-PiEEG izokwazi ukukala amasignali kagesi asuka ebuchosheni futhi iqhubeke ihumushe lawo atholiwe.
Ngokusho kukaRakhmatulin, le phrojekthi yaqalwa ngoba waqaphela ukuthi isithakazelo ku-neuroscience anda ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ekuqaleni, uRakhmatulin wasungula isixhumi esibonakalayo esincane esiphathwayo sobuchopho nekhompiyutha. Ngokwencazelo eyenziwe umcwaningi, le mishini ye-EEG ehlangene eyayinomumo oyindilinga kanye ne-radius engama-25 mm kuphela yavumela ukusetshenziswa okunethezekile kwansuku zonke imini nobusuku.
I-Los idatha eqoqwe idivayisi bekumele ithunyelwe kuseva yomuntu siqu kusetshenziswa iphrothokholi ye-TCP-IP, evumela ukusebenza okungenantambo kanye nebanga elihloniphekile lokunyakaza komsebenzisi. Le modeli yakuqala futhi yayinamandla akhelwe ngaphakathi okucindezela umsindo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokurekhodiwe ngomsindo wokufakwayo omkhulu ongaphansi kuka-0,35 μV.
ngemva kokuklama, izindleko eziphelele zale modeli yokuqala zazingaba ngu-$350 kuma-electrode angu-24. Kepha ukushoda kwe-chip okwenzeka phakathi kuka-2020 no-2021 kunyuse kakhulu izindleko zedivayisi. Ukuze angalahli iphrojekthi yakhe, umcwaningi wanquma ukwethula inguqulo yesibili yesixhumi esibonakalayo se-brain-computer, kodwa kulokhu ngokusekelwe ku-Raspberry Pi, evumela ukusebenza okungenantambo kanye nokunyakaza okuhloniphekile komsebenzisi.
Ukukhethwa kwe-Raspberry Pi kwenziwa ngoba, ngokusho kuka-Rakhmatulin, iyikhompyutha yebhodi elilodwa ethandwa kakhulu emakethe futhi iyindlela elula yokuqala ukuthatha izinyathelo zakho zokuqala ku-neuroscience. Kulokhu kuphindaphindwa kwesibili, umcwaningi uchaza ukuthi isihlangu singatholakala kusetshenziswa i-Raspberry Pi 3 noma i-4, ebiza ngaphansi kwe-$ 100. Ngakho-ke, ishibhile futhi kulula ukuyinakekela.
Ihlanganiswe ne-plugin, i-PiEEG izobiza phakathi kuka-$250 no-$350 ngezici ezilandelayo:
- Ihambisana ne-Raspberry Pi 3 noma 4
- Iziteshi eziyi-8 zokuxhuma ama-electrode amanzi noma omile
- Ukudluliswa kwedatha nge-SPI protocol ene-frequency engu-250 SPS kuya ku-16 kSPS kanye nesinqumo samabhithi angu-24 isiteshi ngasinye.
- Inzuzo yesiginali ehlelekayo: 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
- Ikhono lokukala impedance
- I-CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio: 120
- Umsindo wangaphakathi: 0,4 μV
- Umsindo wangaphandle: 0,8 μV
- I-Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR): 130dB
- I-LED yenkomba yamandla kanye nenkomba yokuxhuma ye-ADS1299
- Izikhonkwane ezi-3 zamahhala zokuxhuma izinto zangaphandle (umhlabathi nesiteshi i-Raspberry Pi)
- Izikhonkwane ezingama-33 Raspberry Pi GPIO zingasetshenziselwa imisebenzi eyahlukene, njengokuxhumanisa amadivaysi angaphandle.
- Ukuhlela okulula okuhlinzekwa ngesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile yokufunda nokucubungula idatha ku-Python, C kanye ne-C++
Kulabo abafisa ukuyithola, umkhankaso wokusiza abantu abaningi usanda kwethulwa. Inguqulo yeziteshi ezi-4 ze-PiEEG ingu-$250 kanti inguqulo yeziteshi ezingu-8 ingu-$350.
U-Rakhmatulin nabahlanganyeli bakhe baphinde bashicilela iphepha elibonisa ukusebenza kwalo: Bakwazi ukulawula igundane lokudlala ngokucwayiza.
"Kodwa amandla amakhulu kakhulu futhi idivayisi ingasetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi ezahlukene, kuye ngokuthi izifiso namakhono omsebenzisi," wabhala.
Eqinisweni, uRakhmatulin uyabika, Izimpawu ze-PiEEG zingasetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukulawula ikhaya elihlakaniphile, imidlalo, amarobhothi, okokufaka kwekhibhodi ebonakalayo, noma ukuhlolwa kwe-DIY polygraph. Idivayisi "ingasetshenziswa futhi ngabashisekeli bokufunda komshini ukudala amaphrojekthi okulawula amarobhothi nezitho zomzimba ezinamandla okucabanga, ukulawula ukulala, ukulawula ukuzindla, noma njengomtshina onyakazayo, umtshina wamanga, nokunye okuningi," kuphawula u-Rakhmatulin.
Izindaba ezinhle ngalezi zinhlobo zamaphrojekthi ashibhile ukuthi zingakwazi ukufunda okwengeziwe ngobuchopho eminyakeni eyi-10 ezayo kunalokho esikufunde eminyakeni engu-50 edlule. Nokho, inkinga manje kungaba ukuthola abantu abakwamukelayo ukuthi noma ubani angakwazi. xhuma ebuchosheni bakho. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, ubunzima bezinto ezibonakalayo abukwazi ukukhishwa. Eqinisweni, ama-electrode kubikwa ukuthi aguga ngokushesha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okungase kwenyuse izindleko zokusebenzisa lolu cingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthola indlela yokugcina lawa ma-electrode ekhona isikhathi eside, okungelula ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
Kodwa kakade ngekhono lokufunda amasiginali obuchopho ngeshibhile nokwenza imisebenzi esekelwe kulawo masignali, impikiswano ewumdonsiswano ngokugcina inkumbulo yomuntu kudivayisi yokugcina iyavela kabusha.
Umthombo: https://arxiv.org