Ezona zisasazo zeLinux zika-2022

Inkqubo yokusebenza ye-GNU/Linux ifumaneka kubuninzi bencasa okanye i-distros. Ngo-2022 senze ukhetho lwezona zilungileyo kwaye umphumo ulandelayo. Njengoko uza kubona, kukho uluhlu lwazo zonke izinto ezithandwayo kunye neemfuno. Ngoko ke nalu uluhlu kunye Olona lawulo lubalaseleyo lweLinux ngo-2022 ngenkcazo, ikhonkco lokukhuphela, kunye nabasebenzisi elungiselelwe bona. Khumbula ukuba lukhetho kuphela, kwaye zininzi ezinye ii-distros ezimangalisayo. Kodwa ezi zezona sizithanda kakhulu:

Kubuntu

Ilungele: kubo bonke abasebenzisi ngokubanzi, nokuba yintoni na injongo yabo.

Ubuntu yenye yezona zisasazo zidumileyo, akukho mathandabuzo ngaloo nto. Kodwa kwabo bangaluthandiyo utshintsho ukusuka kwi-Unity Shell ukuya kwi-GNOME okanye abangayithandi ngokuthe ngqo i-GNOME, unenye indlela emangalisayo esebenza ngokugqibeleleyo, Kubuntu, esekwe kwimeko-bume ye-desktop ye-KDE yePlasma. Isizathu sokuthandwa kwayo kukuba kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, ukuhanjiswa kweLinux ethembekileyo kunye nokuxhaswa kakhulu. Ngaphandle koko, ayintsonkothanga kwaphela, ke inokuba yinto ekujoliswe kuyo ukuba usandula ukutshintshela kwiWindows ukuya kwiLinux.

Kwelinye icala, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-KDE Plasma ibe yindawo engqongileyo ekhanyayo yedesktop, ene ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zehardware ngaphantsi kwe-GNOME, ngoko kulungile kakhulu ukuba nale meko ukuze ungachithi izixhobo kwaye ugxininise kwizinto ezibalulekileyo kuwe. Kwaye ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, "incitshisiwe" ngaphandle kokuphulukana ne-iota yamandla ayo kunye nokukwazi ukuyenza ngokwezifiso. Kwakhona khumbula ukuba iinkqubo ze-GNOME zikwahambelana nePlasma ye-KDE kwaye ngokuphendululekileyo, kufuneka wanelise ukuxhomekeka kwiilayibrari eziyimfuneko.

Ngenxa yokuthandwa, i inkxaso yehardware ilungile kakhuluNgapha koko, iCanonical yenza izivumelwano kunye neempawu ezahlukeneyo zokuphucula le nkxaso. Kwaye kwi-Intanethi unokufumana uncedo oluninzi…

Khuphela uKubuntu

Linux mint

Ilungele: kubaqalayo kunye nabo batshintsha ukusuka kwiWindows ukuya kwiLinux.

I-LinuxMint ifumana ukuthandwa kakhulu kunye no-Ubuntu ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwayo ngokulula.. Le nkqubo yokusebenza isekwe kwi-Ubuntu/Debian ngokunjalo, kwaye inezixhobo zayo ezisebenzayo ukuququzelela ulawulo kunye neminye imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Yiyo indawo efanelekileyo yeWindows kuba idesktop yeCinnamon ibonelela ngamava edesktop afanayo nenkqubo yokusebenza yeMicrosoft. Kwaye okona kulungileyo kuko konke, ayityi izixhobo ezininzi zehardware, ekwayinto entle.

NjengoBuntu, iLinuxMint nayo inakho uluntu olukhulu kwi-intanethi ukufumana uncedo ukuba luyimfuneko.

Khuphela iLinux Mint

Zorin OS

Ilungele: bonke abasebenzisi.

I-Zorin OS yenye ukuhanjiswa kweLinux esekwe ku-Ubuntu kunye ne ujongano lwangoku nolusebenziseka lula. Xa iprojekthi yaqalayo ngo-2008, eyona nto iphambili yabaphuhlisi yayikukuphuhlisa inkqubo ekulula ukuyisebenzisa esekwe kwiLinux, kwaye baphumelele ngokuqinisekileyo.

I-Zorin OS iyafumaneka ukukhuphela kwaye uyifake iintlelo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo:

• ngalinye inoyilo lwedesktop yeprimiyamu efana neMacOS okanye Windows 11, kodwa kuya kufuneka uhlawule ukuyikhuphela. Ikwaza nesuti yee-apps zokuyila zenqanaba lobuchwephesha kunye nesoftware yemveliso ephezulu.
• umbilini Luguqulelo olufana nolo lwangaphambili, nangona lugqibelele kancinci kunolo lwangaphambili. Kodwa ngembuyekezo isimahla.
• Lite Yeyona nguqulelo incinci kwezi zintathu, kwaye isimahla.
  

Khuphela iZorin OS

OS

Ilungele: kwabo bafuna indawo entle kunye ne-macOS-efana ne-macOS.

i-OS yokuqala yenye unikezelo lwe-Linux ngendawo yokwakha. icwecwe kakhulu kwaye intle idesktop, ene-interface ecocekileyo, yangoku, kwaye efana ne-macOS kuzo zonke iinkalo. Nangona kunjalo, ungakhohliswa yinkangeleko yayo, efihliweyo phantsi kwayo yi-distro enamandla esekwe Ubuntu.

Uhlelo lwamva nje lwe I-Elementary OS yi-OS 6 Odin, eza notshintsho olubalulekileyo olubonakalayo kunye neendaba ngokwemigaqo yemisebenzi. Iimpawu ezintsha zibandakanya inkxaso ye-touch-touch, imowudi entsha emnyama, i-sanboxing ye-app ukuphucula ukhuseleko, kunye ne-installer entsha ekulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukongeza, isimahla kwaye iyabuhlonipha ubumfihlo bakho, ke kuncinci onokuthi ukubuze.

Khuphela i-elementaryOS

MXLinux

Ilungele i: abo bafuna ukuzinza, ukukhululeka kunye namandla kwi-distro efanayo.

I-MX Linux lusasazo lwe-Linux olunokuthi luthathwe njengekhaphukhaphu, kunye neemeko zedesktop ezifana ne-XFCE, i-KDE Plasma kunye ne-Fluxbox. Ukongeza, iye yathandwa ngakumbi ngokuba uzinzile kwaye unamandla, kwaye inyaniso kukuba, nangona ingasetyenziswanga kakhulu, ihlala ikuluhlu lwe-distros engcono kakhulu.

Le distro yavela ngo-2014, Isekwe kwiDebian kunye nolunye uhlengahlengiso olunomdla, olunje ngemeko-bume yedesktop elungisiweyo ukwenza ukusetyenziswa ngokukhululekileyo kwabo bavela kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo ezinjengeWindows okanye iMacOS. Yonke ilula kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa ubukhulu becala.

Khuphela iMX Linux

I-Nitrux

Ilungele: abasebenzisi abatsha be Linux kunye nabathandi be KDE.

I-Nitrux yi-distro elandelayo kuluhlu. Iphuhliswe kwisiseko seDebian kunye ne KDE Plasma desktop bume kunye namathala eencwadi omzobo we-Qt Ukongeza, unokongeza okukhethekileyo, okufana nolungiso lwe-NX yedesktop yakho kunye ne-firewall ye-NX equkwa yile distro. Ukuba kulula ukuyisebenzisa, abasebenzisi abatsha kwiLinux baya kuzifumana bekhululekile ngexesha lokufuduka, kwaye iza nenkxaso ye-AppImage ukwenza kube lula ukufaka ii -apps zendalo yonke.

Enye ingcaciso entle kukuba i-distro inayo uluntu olusebenzayo kwimidiya yoluntu apho unokunxibelelana nabo nakwesiphi na isihloko okanye umbuzo onxulumeneyo. Nangona akufanele ube nengxaki eninzi usebenzisa lo mmangaliso ...

Khuphela iNitrux

Solus

Ilungele: kubadwelisi benkqubo nabaphuhlisi.

Nangona i-Ubuntu yeyona distro idumileyo phakathi kwabaphuhlisi kunye nabadwelisi benkqubo, iSolus inokuba yinkqubo efanelekileyo yokusebenza kule misebenzi. Ukongeza, inendawo entle kunye nenhle kwaye ijongeka kancinci kwidesktop. Iphuhliswa ngokuzimeleyo, ngokusekelwe kwi-Linux kernel kwaye ungayifumana kunye neendawo ezifana neBudgie, MATE, KDE Plasma kunye neGNOME. Ngokuphathelele umphathi wepakethe, isebenzisa i-eopkg, eyona nto ingumqobo omkhulu kubasebenzisi...

I-distro inamandla kakhulu, kwaye inokuqhutywa nakwiikhompyuter ezinezixhobo ezithobekileyo. Inokuba yinkqubo elungileyo yokusebenza kwabo bafika okokuqala kwiLinux, kuba kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kunye nojongano oluya kukukhumbuza uninzi lweWindows. Kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yonke into, iza nayo izixhobo ezingenasiphelo ezifakwe ngaphambili zabaphuhlisi, eyenza igqibelele.

Khuphela uSolus

Manjaro

Ilungele: abaqalayo kunye nabasebenzisi abanamava.

IManjaro lusasazo lweLinux olusekwe kwiArch Linux distro eyaziwayo. Nangona kunjalo, injongo yale distro kukuba yenza iArch ibe yinkqubo yokusebenza elula ukusetyenziswa nkqu kwabaqalayo. Yaye inyaniso kukuba baye baphumelela. Nge-Manjaro uya kuba nento ezinzileyo kwaye eyomeleleyo, nakubasebenzisi abavela kwiinkqubo ezinjengeWindows okanye i-macOS inokuba lukhetho olunikezwe ubulula bayo.

I-Manjaro ikhawuleza kwaye ibandakanya izixhobo ezizenzekelayo ngamava angenamthungo omsebenzisi, afanayo naleyo yenziwe yiLinux Mint ngoBuntu. Ewe kunjalo, inesifakeli esingayi kukunika ixesha elibi njengokufakela iArch Linux bareback, kodwa ngazo zonke izinto ezilungileyo ozithandayo ngeArch.

Khuphela iManjaro

Ukusasazeka kweCentOS

Ilungele: kubancedisi.

I-CentOS Stream inokuba yinto efanelekileyo kwabo bafuna i indlela yokusebenza ezinzileyo neyomeleleyo njengokutshintsha kweRed Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), kodwa uluntu lugcinwe kwaye luvuleleke ngokupheleleyo. Lusasazo olunamandla kwaye lulungele ukuhlohla kwiiseva. Ukongeza, ine-SELinux ngokungagqibekanga, eya kunika ukhuseleko olukhulu.

Njengoko usazi, i-CentOS isebenzisa i rpm kunye nomphathi wephakheji ye-yum, kwaye yenye ye-distros esekwe kwiphakheji ye-RPM. Ukongeza, uya kuba noluntu oluhle kakhulu lwabasebenzisi ukufumana ulwazi xa ulufuna.

Khuphela iCentOS Stream

AsahiLinux

Ilungele i: Iikhompyuter zeMac ezine chips zeM-Series.

Le distro isekwe kwiArch Linux yamva nje, nangona inike iintetho ezininzi. Lusasazo oluphuhliswe ngokukodwa ukuba luhambelane neekhompyuter ezisekelwe kuyo Iitshiphusi ze-Apple Silicon, ezifana ne-M1. Ke ngoko, ukuba uneMac kwaye ufuna ukusebenzisa iLinux ngaphandle kwemiba yokuhambelana ne-ARM-based CPU okanye i-GPU, i-Asahi Linux yeyona nto ilungileyo ekhoyo kuwe. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-distros zikwazile ukufaka ngaphandle kweengxaki kwaye ngokuzinzileyo kwezi khomputha...

Khuphela iAsahi Linux

Kali Linux

Ilungele: ukwenzela ukungena.

I-Kali Linux yeyona distro ilungileyo phaya abahlaseli okanye iingcali zokhuseleko. Isekwe kwi-Debian kwaye inenani elingapheliyo lezixhobo ezifakwe ngaphambili zokuvavanya, ubunjineli obubuyela umva, i-forensics, kunye nezinye izixhobo zophando lokhuseleko lwekhompyuter. Ayilunganga ukuba isetyenziswe njenge-distro yemihla ngemihla, kodwa ukuba ufuna inkqubo yokusebenza yokungena iya kuba sisisombululo esihle. Ukongeza, sele inenkxaso yokufakwa kwayo kwizixhobo eziphathwayo ze-Android, iRaspberry Pi, kunye neChromebooks.

Khuphela uKali Linux

Vula

Ilungele: abaqalayo kunye nabasebenzisi abaziingcali abafuna inkqubo ezinzileyo neyomeleleyo yokusebenza.

i-openSUSE yenye yezinikezelo ezinkulu zeLinux ezingenakuphoswa kolu luhlu. Le distro ibalasele ngokusekwe kwiipakethe RPM, kwaye uzinze kakhulu kwaye womelele. Njengoko usazi, uya kufumana iindidi ezimbini zohlelo, enye yiTumbleweed eyinkqubo yokukhupha kwaye enye yiLeap eyi-distro exhaswa ixesha elide. Oko kukuthi, ukuba ufuna uzinzo ngakumbi, i-Leap lukhetho lwakho, kwaye ukuba ufuna izinto ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe, khetha iTumbleweed.

Ewe kunjalo, i-openSUSE iza nezixhobo ezininzi eziluncedo kunye nezicelo kubo bobabini abatsha kunye nabasebenzisi beLinux. ngokubhekisele kwabaqalayo, kuba kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Kwaye uya kukwazi ukukhetha phakathi kwe KDE Plasma, GNOME kunye ne Mate njengendawo yedesktop yakho. Kwaye enye inkcukacha elungileyo endingafuni ukuyilibala kukuba iyadibanisa YaST, isuti emangalisayo yezixhobo zolawulo ikwakhona kwi-SUSE kwaye oko kuya kwenza imisebenzi esisiseko ibe lula kuwe.

Khuphela i-openSUSE

Fedora

Ilungele: wonke umntu

I-Fedora lusasazo lweLinux olukwaxhaswe kwaye lunxulumene neRed Hat kunye neCentOS, njengoko usazi kakuhle. Ixhaswa zezinye iinkampani, njengoko kunjalo ngo-Ubuntu. Ngoko ke, i uzinzo, ukomelela, kunye nokuhambelana yale distro ayinakulingana nayo. Ukongeza, lelinye lawona maqonga aqalayo kwabo bafuna ukusebenza ngelifu, kunye nezikhongozeli, kunye nabashicileli be-3D, njl. Inokuba yinto entle kubaphuhlisi, kwaye njengoko usazi uLinus Torvalds uyifakile kwi-Macbook yakhe ukuze asebenze nayo, ngoko ke ikwamkele iM.

Khuphela iFedora

Umsila

Ilungele: abasebenzisi abaxhalabele ubumfihlo kunye nokungaziwa.

Umsila sisishunqulelo se Inkqubo ebukhoma yeAmnesic Incognito, i-distro enokuthi isetyenziswe kwimodi ebukhoma kwaye injongo yayo ikukuphepha ukubeka iliso, ukuvalelwa kunye nokufezekisa ubumfihlo obukhulu kunye nokungaziwa xa ukhangela iwebhu. Isebenzisa inethwekhi yeTor ngokungagqibekanga, kwaye ineepatshi zamva nje zokugubungela ubuthathaka bamva nje. Kwakhona, ukuba nguLive, akuyi kushiya umkhondo kwikhompyuter apho uyisebenzisa khona. Uya kuba noluhlu lwezixhobo eziza kukunceda ngokhuseleko, njengezixhobo ze-cryptography zokubethela ii-imeyile, iifayile, njl.

Khuphela imisila

Ukuhlangula

Ilungele: kubachwephesha bePC.

I-Rescatux kukusasazwa kweLinux kwimowudi ebukhoma kwaye isekwe kwiDebian. Ayisiyo i-distro yemihla ngemihla, kodwa ilungele amagcisa okanye kubasebenzisi abayifunayo ukulungisa iLinux okanye ufakelo lweWindows. Le distro isebenzisa iwizadi yomzobo ebizwa ngokuba yiRescapp kwaye inezixhobo zokulungisa ngokulula ufakelo olonakeleyo okanye izilayishi zeLinux kunye neWindows. Ikwanazo nezinye izixhobo ezininzi zokusombulula ezinye iingxaki (ukusetha kwakhona iiphasiwedi ezikhohliwe, ukulungisa iinkqubo zefayile, ukulungiswa kwezahlulo, njl.), nakubasebenzisi abangenamava. Kwaye zonke zinendawo ekhaphukhaphu yedesktop efana ne-LXDE.

Khuphela iRescatux

Arch Linux

Ilungele: Abasebenzisi abaphambili.

IArch Linux yenye yezona zinto zizinzileyo zeLinux ezisasazwayo ezikhoyo, nangona usazi ukuba ayilunganga kwabaqalayo njengoko kunzima ukuyifaka kunye nokusetyenziswa. Nangona kunjalo, isekelwe kumgaqo wokulula owenza ukuba ube namandla kakhulu kwaye ivumela iqondo eligqithileyo lokwenza ngokwezifiso. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ilandela imodeli yokukhululwa eqhubekayo, ngoko ke umsebenzisi uya kuhlala efumana inguqu yakutshanje ezinzileyo ekhoyo ngelo xesha.

Khuphela iArch Linux

Debian

Ilungele: kubancedisi nangaphaya.

I-Debian yenye ye uluntu olukhulu nolunewonga eliphezulu. Olu lwabiwo lwagqama ngokuba nzima kakhulu ukulusebenzisa kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, kodwa ngoku inyaniso ikukuba kulula njengabanye, ukususa elo bala. Ukongeza, yenye yezona distros ezindala eziqhubekayo namhlanje. Ewe kunjalo, ikhuselekile, izinzile kwaye iqinile, ngoko inokuba yenye indlela ye-CentOS yeeseva, kodwa kule meko isekelwe kwi-DEB yokupakishwa. Inokukhutshwa kwenguqulelo eqhelekileyo, kunye nohlaziyo rhoqo kunye nolugudileyo ukufumana iipetshi eziyimfuneko zakutsha nje.

Khuphela i-Debian

Linux epheleleyo

Ilungele i: abasebenzisi abafuna intuthuzelo kunye nokukhanya.

I-Absolute Linux yi-distro elula kakhulu eyenzelwe abasebenzisi abafuna i ukugcinwa lula kunye noqwalaselo olulula kakhulu (ibandakanya imibhalo kunye nezinto eziluncedo kuyo). Le nkqubo yokusebenza isekelwe kwi-Slackware eyaziwayo, kodwa njenge-Manjaro, ungalindelanga ukuba ibe nzima ukuyisebenzisa njengale, abaphuhlisi bayo benze yonke into ibe lula kakhulu (yinyani ukuba isekelwe kwisicatshulwa kwaye ayikho. kwi-GUI, kodwa intle ngqo phambili). Nje ukuba ifakiwe, uya kubona ukuba iza nomphathi wefestile onje nge-IceWM, kunye nentaphane yeepakethe ezinje ngeLibreOffice, Firefox, njl.

Khuphela i-Absolute Linux

Ukutsala i-OS

Ilungele i: abadlali.

I-Drauger OS lusasazo lweLinux ngokukodwa yenzelwe imidlalo. Ke ngoko, kwabo bafuna ukonwaba ngemidlalo yevidiyo, le distro isekwe Ubuntu inokuba yinto efanelekileyo. Iza nohlengahlengiso oluninzi kunye nokulungiswa xa kuthelekiswa no-Ubuntu, ukuze uphucule ukusebenza kwakho kunye namava emidlalo. Umzekelo, i-GNOME itshintshelwe kwi-Xfce kunye nomxholo we-GTK omnyama ongagqibekanga, i-kernel ephuculweyo, iPulseAudio endaweni yayo nguPipewire, njl. Kwakhona, ngokusekwe ku-Ubuntu, iya kugcina ukuhambelana okukhulu okubonelelwa yile distro.

Khuphela iDrauger OS

Debianedu/Skolelinux

Ilungele i: abafundi nabafundisi.

Ekugqibeleni, sikwanalo nolunye usasazo olukhethekileyo. Olu luguqulelo olulungisiweyo lweDebian eyenzelwe ngokukodwa iimeko zemfundo. Le distro yenzelwe iimfuno ezibalulekileyo zezikolo kunye namaziko emfundo engqondweni. Kwaye eyona nto ingcono kukuba iza nenani elingapheliyo lezicelo ezifakelwe kwangaphambili ngezi njongo. Isenokuya phambili, umzekelo, ingalungela iilebhu zekhompyuter, kwiiseva, iindawo zokusebenza, kunye neminye imisebenzi efunekayo kumaziko alolu hlobo.

Khuphela iDebianedu/Skolelinux

Kwaye wena? Ukhetha eyiphi? Ukuba unazo naziphi na ezinye izinto ozithandayo, ungalibali ukuzishiya kwizimvo., siya kukuvuyela ukukufundela...