Isikhokelo: konke malunga nemifanekiso ye-ISO kwi-GNU / Linux

Ukuba ufuna sebenza ngemifanekiso ye-ISO Ukusuka kulwabiwo lwakho oluthandayo, sikwenzele esi sikhokelo. Ngayo uya kuyazi yonke into oyifunayo ukuqala ukusebenza nolu hlobo lweefayile ngendlela elula. Ngokukodwa abo bavela kwezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza ezinje ngeWindows, apho babenothotho lwesoftware ukuze bakwazi ukunyusa olu hlobo lwemifanekiso okanye bazitshise kwii-disc zediski (iiCD, iiDVD, iBD, ...), kodwa ifumanise ukuba iinkqubo azifumaneki kwi-GNU / Linux.

Inyani yile yokuba imifanekiso ye-ISO ilungile ukusebenza nayo kwaye gcina ulwazi oluninzi. Kungenxa yoko le nto beyifomathi ekhethwayo kuninzi lwabathengisi besoftware. IMicrosoft uqobo ikuvumela ukuba ukhuphele imifanekiso ye-ISO yeenkqubo zayo zamva nje zokusebenza, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo zonke iiwebhusayithi ezisemthethweni zeeprojekthi ze-distro zikwavumela imifanekiso ye-ISO ukuba ikhutshelwe kwiindawo zabo zokukhuphela.

Yintoni i-ISO?

Umfanekiso we-ISO yifayile yokugcina ikopi ngqo yenkqubo yefayile phantsi kwe- Umgangatho we-ISO 9660 ngubani omnike igama lakhe. Ukongeza, ekubeni yipakethe yecompact, ikwayifomathi efanelekileyo yokugcina umxholo ekujongwe ukuba utshiswe kwimidiya ebonakalayo okanye kwiidrive ezisuswayo, kunye nokwenza iikopi zokugcina kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokulondoloza.

Ulwandiso eyona idumileyo yi .iso, kodwa zinokubonakala ngathi zongezwa .img njengoko kunokubonwa kwimifanekiso yeenkqubo zokusebenza zeRaspberry Pi, njl. Lo mahluko wobude awuthethi ukuba ayingomfanekiso wefomathi enye, yingqungquthela eyahlukileyo. Nangona .iso yeyona ithandwa kakhulu, sinokufumana izandiso ezahlukeneyo ezinje nge .cue kunye .bin, egcina idatha (BIN) kwelinye icala kunye nenkcazo yedatha esele ichaziwe (CUE) kwelinye.

Oko kuthethiweyo, uninzi abaphuhlisi besoftwareIsoftware evuthayo ngakumbi, bazamile ukwenza ezabo iifomati zemifanekiso ukuzenza ngathi bathathe indawo ye-ISO, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo basilele. Le yimeko yeNero Burning ROM ngaphambili eyile ifomathi ye-NRG, okanye i-Adaptec CIF yoMyili wayo we-CD olula, iCCDC yeprojekthi yeCloneCD, iMFF yoTywala eyi-120%, njl.

Uyenza njani i-ISO

ukuba yenza imifanekiso ye-ISO kwi-distro yethu ye-GNU / Linux Zininzi iinkqubo zegraphic ukuyenza, ezinje ngeFurious ISO, ISO Master, Brasero, Simple Burn, K3b, Acetone ISO, njl. Kodwa siza kukufundisa ukuyenza ngendlela enamandla ngakumbi kwaye ngaphandle kokuchitha izixhobo ezininzi, kwaye oko kuthetha ukuyenza ukusuka kwikhonsoli ngesixhobo esinamandla sonke se-dd osenokuba sele usifakile kulwabiwo lwakho, kuba ihlala iza ngokusilelayo ...

Ewe, khawufane ucinge ukuba sifuna ntoni yenza ikopi yolawulo kulwabiwo lwethu, umzekelo i / ikhaya / umsebenzisi esiza kudlulisela kwi-ISO. Ngale nto sinokufaka le miyalelo ilandelayo:

dd if=/home/usuario of=/home/imagenesiso/usuario_personal.iso

Olunye ukhetho lwe "Isar" isikhombisi kukusebenzisa esinye isixhobo esifana ne-mkisofs:

mkisofs -o /home/usuario/imagen.iso /home/usuario/contenido

Endaweni yoko, ukuba ufuna ukwenza umfanekiso ukulahla imixholo yeDVD okanye iCD, singasebenzisa enye indlela:

dd if=/dev/cdrom of=/home/usuario/imagen.iso

Ngale ndlela sinokwenza imifanekiso yemikhombandlela kunye nolunye ugcino lweendaba. Khumbula ukuba dd Ixhasa nasiphi na isixhobo okanye ungeniso oluphakathi ukuba utshintsha indlela ye if =, ngelixa usiya kwindawo ofuna ukugcina kuyo umfanekiso, kufuneka uguqule umendo we =.

Uyifaka njani i-ISO

Ngezinye zeenkqubo ezichazwe apha ngasentla sinakho Nyusa imifanekiso ye-ISO ukufikelela kumxholo ngokuzoba nangokulula. Ngapha koko, kukwakho nezixhobo ezinje ngee-mkisofs esinokuthi ngazo sifake umfanekiso we-ISO kuso nasiphi na isikhombisi ukuze sikwazi ukufikelela kumxholo ngaphandle kokuwutshisa kwi-optical medium. Umzekelo, kwiWindows, mhlawumbi esona sixhobo saziwayo sotywala yi-120% okanye izixhobo zedemon, kodwa ezi zixhobo azifumaneki kwiLinux. Ke ngoku? Ewe, singasoloko sitsala ezinye iindlela zeziapps ezinje ngeFurious ISO okanye iAcetoneISO eneendlela ezisebenziseka lula. Kodwa ukuba sifuna ukusebenzisa ukhetho olunikwa yiLinux ngokwendalo:

sudo mkdir /media/iso

sudo mount -t iso9660 -o loop /home/usuario/imagen.iso /media/iso

sudo umount /media/iso

Njengoko sinokubona, senza isikhombisi apho siza kunyusa umfanekiso we-ISO esiwubize ngokuba yi-iso kwaye siwubeke ngaphakathi kulawulo lwemidiya. Emva koko sibeka umfanekiso we-ISO kulawulo olukhankanyiweyo kwaye sinako unokufikelela kumxholo. Nje ukuba singasafuni umxholo othethiweyo, unokwehliswa ngokunyuka njengoko sibona ... Ngendlela, -khetho lokunyuka kwentaba silinike ifomathi kule meko eyi-ISO 9660 kwaye kunye -o thina yixelele ukuba isebenzise isixhobo sethu sokuloga. Ngale nto sisebenzisa isixhobo esibonakalayo esibizwa ngokuba isixhobo sokujikeleza eya kuthi isincede sinyuse i-ISO nakweyiphi na incwadi, evumela ukufikelela kumxholo wayo.

Uyitshisa njani i-ISO

Ngoku, ukuba le nto siyifunayo yile ukutshisa okanye ukutshisa umfanekiso we-ISO kwimidiya ebonakalayoNokuba yiCD, iDVD, i-HD-DVD okanye iBluRay, sinokukhetha iinkqubo ezinomfanekiso ocacileyo esele sitshilo apha ngasentla okanye sibhenele ngqo kwikhonsoli kwaye sikwenze ngokwemiyalelo. Kukho izixhobo ezithile kwimowudi yokubhaliweyo yoku, ezinje nge-wodim, cdrskin, xorriso. Ukuba sele sizifakile, singazisebenzisa ngale miyalelo ilandelayo:

wodim -v dev=/dev/cdrom -dao /home/usuario/imagen.iso

cdrskin -v dev=/dev/cdrom -dao /home/usuario/imagen.iso

xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrom -dao /home/usuario/imagen.iso

Ngendlela, khumbula ukuba kwezinye iimeko isixhobo esibonakalayo kulwabiwo lwakho (nangona sinqabile) sisenokungabizwa / dev / cdrom, kodwa thatha amanye amagama anje / dev / dvdrom, okanye / dev / sr0, Njl

Ndiyathemba ukuba iluncedo kuwe. Sukulibala shiya izimvo zakho...