Zvese zvakavanzika zvekumanikidza muGNU / Linux

Isu tinodzokera kuchinetso chenguva dzose chinova mukana kune vazhinji vemberi GNU / Linux vashandisi uye ndiyo nhamba huru yesarudzo kana mikana iripo. Izvi zvevasina ruzivo zvinogona kuva dambudziko kana usingazive zvakanaka kuti ndeipi yaunofanira kusarudza, asi sekutaura kwangu, kuva nemikana yakawanda kana kuchinjika haimbove chinhu chakashata, chakapesana. Mune ino kesi isu tichataura nezve iyo compression uye decompression algorithms nemaitiro izvo zviripo papuratifomu yedu yatinofarira kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuzviona zvakasiyana uye kwete sedambudziko rakakura nekusaziva kuti ndeipi sarudzo yakanakira iwe ...

Chokwadi ndechekuti hapana zvishandiso chete zvinoshandiswa setara iyo yatinogona kugadzira mapakeji ayo anogona zvakare kuwedzerwa imwe mhando yekumanikidza sezvatajaira kuona mu iyo yakakurumbira tarballs yatakatotaura nezvayo LxA pane dzakawanda nguva. Tichawanawo akasiyana emidziyo isina basa uye yakajairwa senge grep yekutsvaga mukati memafuta akaomeswa senge bzfgrep, kana mamwewo akadai sezvishoma uye zvimwe zvakare zvine misiyano yavo yemafaira akatsimbirirwa senge bzless ne bzmore. Kuti tivaone vese isu tinongofanirwa kutarisa kuburitsa kwemirairo inotevera:

apropos compress

Maalgorithms uye bvunzo:

Pakati pezvose algorithms kurasikirwa kwekumanikidza kunowanikwa muLinux kumanikidza uye kudzikisira dhata isu tine zvakawanda sarudzo. Kuti uwane humbowo hwenguva inotora kumanikidza neimwe kana imwe yekumanikidza algorithm kana kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuidzvanya, ini ndinokurudzira kuti iwe ugozviongorora wega. Iwe unogona kushandisa iyo nguva yekuraira izvo, izvo zvinokupa iwe iyo nguva yakatorwa yekumanikidza uye kudzvanya maitiro. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchizoshandisa iyo Zip chishandiso kumanikidza iyo faira inonzi test:

time zip prueba.zip prueba

Izvo zvaizokanda kunze nguva yakashandiswa, asi kana iwe uchida kuona saizi yefaira rakagadzirwaIwe unogona kuyedza kumanikidza iyo yakafanana faira ine akasiyana maalgorithms uye ekumanikidza maturusi uye kana iwe uchinge uine ese akatsimbirirwa mafaera mune dhairekitori neakareruka kuraira, tarisa saizi yeiyo yega

ls -l

Kana iwe uchida, iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa mamwe maturusi kuenzanisa akakamirwa mafaera, semuenzaniso nemamwe akasiyana echinhu chakasiyana chishandiso:

xzdiff [opciones] fichero1 fichero2

lzdiff [opciones] fichero 1 fichero2

Kana iwe uchida kuona magirafu pane saizi uye kumhanya kwemaalgorithms, unogona kushanyira iyi imwe link.

Kumanikidza maturusi:

Kana zvakadaro zvishandiso zviripo isu tine akawanda acho, mamwe ane graphical interface yeiyo newbies uye kuti isu tichafanira kungo gadzirisa neyakareruka uye inonzwisisika GUI kuita kumanikidza uye kuora mwoyo kwakadai sePeaZip, kana 7zip, ... nezvimwe. Kunyanya, yekutanga inokwanisa kushanda nemhando dzakasiyana, kunyanya anopfuura zana neshanu acho. Asi kana iwe uri mumwe wevaya vachiri kuda kushanda neiyo terminal, ipapo uchave uine hombe nhamba yezvishandiso iwe zvaunonyatso ziva.

• zip uye unzip: iri sarudzo yakanaka kana chaunoda mafaira ari anotakurika kune mamwe masisitimu anoshanda, nekuti iwe unowana maturusi ekushanda nemafaira aya paMicrosoft Windows masisitimu uyezve paMacOS pamwe nevamwe. Semuenzaniso, kumanikidza faira kana dhairekitori rakanzi test wozo decompress kwariri:

zip prueba.zip prueba

unzip prueba.zip

• gzip: Ndiyo yakanakisa kana izvo zvaunoda kutakurika zviri nyore pakati peunoshanda masisitimu eUnix / Linux. Pamwe chiyero chekumanikidza chakada kufanana nezip, pamwe zvirinani zvishoma, asi iwe haugone kuwana mutsauko wakawanda mumafaira epasi pasi peZip kana gzip. Kumanikidza uye kudzikisira neichi chishandiso tinogona kushandisa sarudzo mbiri mune yekudzora uye ivo vari-- kuita sarudzo, vachishandisa zvakananga alias gunzip:

gzip prueba

gzip -d prueba.gz

gunzip prueba.gz

• bzip2: Senge yapfuura, iyi algorithm iripo kwazvo muUnix / Linux masisitimu anoshanda, kunyangwe zvichizotora nguva yakati rebei mukumanikidza uye kudzvinyirira maitiro kupfuura mune gzip. Mune ino kesi, kunonoka hakuzoshanduri kune yakakwira compression mwero sezvazviri mune xz, sezvo mafaera akatsikirirwa pasi pe bzip2 achagara zvishoma kupfuura iwo ma gzip. Ndokusaka zvinokurudzirwa kudzivirira bzip2 uye sarudza xz kana gzip panzvimbo. Kunyangwe zvese zvichizembera zvishoma parudzi rwefaira iwe urikuyedza kumanikidza ... Semuyenzaniso:

bzip2 prueba

bzip2 -d prueba.bz2

• xz: Ndiyo fomati yakasarudzika yemafaira makuru, sezvo ichipa yakanakisa mitengo yekumanikidza, asi ichokwadi zvakare kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba kupedzisa kumanikidza kana kudzikisira. Chinyowani chitsva pane zvekare, saka unogona kuzviwana uine echinyakare madistros kana ekare masisitimu eUnix asina chishandiso cheichi. Mienzaniso:

xz prueba

xz -d prueba.xz

• unrar uye rar: Tinogona zvakare kushanda nemaRAR mafomati muLinux nekuda kwemidziyo iyi, kunyangwe isiriyo inozivikanwa mune kesi ye * nix masisitimu senge apfuura ... Mune ino kesi tinogona kusarudza:

rar a prueba.rar prueba

unrar e prueba.rar

• compress uye uncompress: uye kunyangwe iko kushandiswa kwecompress kuri kurasika uye kusiri kufarirwa senge dzakapfuura, ini handidi kukanganwa ichi chishandiso kana. Iyo inoshandiswa kumanikidza mafaera iine .Z kuwedzera uye inoita saizvozvo nekuda kweyakagadziridzwa Lempel-Ziv algorithm. Semuyenzaniso:

compress -v prueba

uncompress prueba.Z

Kana iwe uchida kushanda zvakananga ne iyo turu chishandisoIwe unogona zvakare kurongedza uye kumanikidza mafaera panguva imwe chete pamwe nekuburitsa uye kuadzimisira iwo. Mune ino kesi tinogona kupfuudza sarudzo dzerudzi rwealgorithm yekushandisa yakananga ku tar. Asi kutanga pane zvese iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti nesarudzo c isu tinogadzira package uye nesarudzo x tinoibvisa. Semuyenzaniso:

tar czvf prueba.tar.gz prueba

tar xzvf prueba.tar.gz

Sezvauri kuona isu tashandisa sarudzo zvf izvo zviri kuratidza mhando yekumanikidza algorithm z (mune ino gzip), v yeiyo verbose mode iyo inopa ruzivo nezve izvo zvairi kuita, uye f kuratidza iyo faira yekushanda nayo ... Zvakanaka, kana tikachinja izvo z neimwe tsamba inoenderana neimwe mhando yealgorithm isu tinogona kushandura mhando yekumanikidza kunoiswa kune tarball:

* Ehe mirairo yese yapfuura ine sarudzo dzinonakidza dzandinokukoka kuti uwane kushandisa munhu, zvimwe zvakakosha zvakadai sekudzokorodza, nezvimwe.

Usakanganwe siya zvaunotaura...