En los zvinyorwa zvakapfuura takaona tsvakiridzo yeAI ichienda kubva muhupenzi hwekuyedza kusiyanisa munhu kubva kumuchina kana kutevedzera magadzirirwo ehuropi kuenda kune software inotevedzera maitiro ekufunga.
Kana kufambira mberi kwekutanga kwakabva kumafizikisi, biologist, physiologists uye masvomhu, kusvetuka kukuru kunotevera kwaizobva kunzvimbo isingatarisirwi, sainzi yezvematongerwo enyika.
Simon uye zvine musoro
Kana iwe wakadzidza Bhizinesi Administration iwe pamwe waifanira kubatisisa bhuku rakakora rainzi hunhu hwekutonga. Kune inowanzova bhaibheri remujaho, ibhuku rinobatsira uye rinonakidza, kunyangwe rakati dende.
Munyori munyoro aizogamuchira Mubayiro weNobel weEconomics wokuramba imwe yedzidziso dzinodiwa zvikuru dzeEconomic Science. Iyo yemutengi ane musoro.
Akapedza kudzidza muPolitical Science basa rake akatanga kudzidza manejimendi maneja uye mushure menguva pfupi muboka rekutonga reMarshall Plan, akatanga pamwe nekudzidzisa muIndustrial Administration vakapedza kudzidza chirongwa cheiyo yava kuzivikanwa seCarnegie Mellon University.
Ndeipi pfungwa yakafanana pakati pemahofisi uye Artificial Intelligence? Nzira yekuita sarudzo.
Vechinyakare vezvehupfumi vaigarosimbisa kuti isu tiri vanoita sarudzo zvine musoro. Mune mamwe mazwi, pamberi penhevedzano yedzimwe nzira, mabhizinesi kana vatengi, isu tichasarudza sarudzo inowedzera mabhenefiti kana kuderedza mitengo zvakanyanya. Mhedziso yeizvi ndeyokuti kupihwa kwakafanana nhevedzano yedzimwe nzira uye mamiriro isu tese tichaita sarudzo imwechete.
Simon akarerutsa kukura kweinofungidzirwa kuti ine musoro. Akataura kuti muiti wesarudzo haambofungi nezvedzimwe nzira dziripo uye kuti hatisi tese tinoshandisa nzira dzakafanana pakudziongorora. Zvatinoita ndezvekushandisa maitiro akafanana kune ese matambudziko sekunge iri resipi yekubika. Ndiyo yaive hwaro hweheuristics kana kutonga-based programming.
Imwe mupiro kubva kuna Simon yakagamuchirwa neArtificial Intelligence Iko kupatsanurwa kwezvinangwa kuita zvibodzwa zvidiki. Kusvika zvibodzwa zvishoma kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuzadzisa chinangwa chose.
Yekutanga Artificial Intelligence software
Nerubatsiro rwaAllen Newell, akapedza kudzidza muFizikisi, uye C Shaw, nyanzvi yakashandura purogiramu yemakombuta, Simon akatanga kusimudzira kweLogic Theorist, akafunga yekutanga Artificial Intelligence chirongwa munhoroondo.
Kunyange zvazvo chinangwa chepakutanga chaiva chekuti purogiramu igadzirise chess kana matambudziko ejometri, vakazoshandisa kugadzirisa dzidziso dzebhuku rinozivikanwa reMathematics. Zvakadaro, kusiyana nemuchina weTuring, chinangwa chaive chisiri chekugadzirisa matambudziko esvomhu asi kutevedzera nzira iyo vanhu kuburikidza nekusarudza heuristics vanosarudza danho rinotevera. zvavaifanira kuita.
Kutsvaga kwemhinduro chaiyo kunogona kumiririrwa zvine graphic sechimiro chakafanana nemuti.. Iyi girafu inozivikanwa semuti wekutsvaga.
Pamudzi wemuti wekutsvaga ndiyo yekutanga hypothesis. Mapazi anobva pamudzi umo misiyano yefungidziro yekutanga iripo, inova mhedzisiro yekushandisa mitemo yekufunga kwairi. Mamwe manipulations anoshandiswa kune rimwe nerimwe rematavi, achigadzira madiki-mapazi. Muitiro wacho unodzokororwa kusvikira mhedziso inoshuviwa yasvikwa.
Chinangwa chepurogiramu yaSimon nevamwe vake chakanga chisiri uchapupu hwedzidziso yacho asi kutsvaka nzira yaizotungamirira kuuchapupu ihwohwo.. Chikumbiro chakaongorora muti maererano nemimwe mitemo yakafanotemwa kuti uwane bazi rainyanya kutungamira kune chaiyo mhedzisiro. Akaramba achidzokorora kusvika awana nzira kwayo.
Kana kuyedza kwekutanga kuArtificial Intelligence kwaive kudivi rekutevedzera mavakirwo ehuropi, Simon nevamwe vake vakaenda neimwe nzira. Vakatevedzera mashandiro anoita komputa nevanhu. Vasati vatanga basa rekunyora kodhi, boka revadzidzi vakabatanidzwa nemudzimai waSimon nevana vakagamuchira makadhi ane subroutines nemitemo ine musoro inotsanangurwa muChirungu uye vakatevedzera maitiro ezvikamu zvepurogiramu.