KUNYANYA Kupunzika uye Specter: zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve izvi zvinokuvadzwa (ZVAKAITWA)

Benito naManolo

Izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti kutenderedza makumi maviri muzana ezvenguva pfupi uye hupfumi zviwanikwa zvakapihwa kugadzirwa kwechip nyowani kuenda kune dhizaini pachayo, nepo vamwe vese, kureva nguva yakawanda nemari, vachienda kune zvekufananidza, bvunzo uye bvunzo dzinoitwa. kuona kuti zvese zvinoshanda nemazvo. Zvakanaka, zvinoita sekunge vamwe vagadziri havana kuita zvinhu chaizvo nemazvo zvigadzirwa, uye ndizvo nyaya yeIntelSezvatichaona, haisiriyo yega yakabatwa, asi yatove nematambudziko akawanda nemachipisi ayo, kubva padambudziko rakakurumbira renzvimbo, kuburikidza nekumwe kukundikana mumachipisi ayo, kusvika kunjodzi yakawanikwa zvakare mu Management Injini, uye ikozvino izvi ...

Masocial network uye midhiya akazara nenyaya, zvimwe zvinopesana nezvenyaya iyi iri kuzopa zvakawanda zvekutaura nezvazvo uye ndinokukurudzira kuti ugadzire mbiya yakanaka yemapopu kuti utarise sipo opera, nekuti izvi zvinongova chete akatanga. Naizvozvo, kuitira kuti vashandisi, kunyanya avo veLinux, vasarasike neruzivo rwakawanda uye vazive maitiro ekuita uye chii chavanonamatira, mukuwedzera kune ziva kuti vanobatika here kana kuti kwete, isu tiri kuzoburitsa ichi chinyorwa muLxA.

Chii chinonzi Specter uye Meltdown?

Specter uye Meltdown marogo

Pamwe iro dambudziko reRowhammer ratakatomboona rakadzikira kana tichienzanisa nekudzika kuri kuita iri rimwe dambudziko. Chokwadi iwe watonzwa mazita ane mukurumbira ari kudyara kutya, uye ndiwo Kunyungudika uye Specter. Uku kurwisa kunogona kukanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwedu kutora mukana wezvimwe zvinhu senge kunze kwekuraira kuuraya uye kwekufungidzira kuuraya kunoitwa mune ese epurosesa ekuvandudza mashandiro. Tichazotsanangura izvo chimwe nechimwe chiri muzvikamu:

  • Kusununguka: inodaidzwa nekuti inonyungudisa miganho yekuchengetedza pakati pemashandisirwo anoiswa neyakaomarara, kunyangwe mune MITER ruzivo ruzivo rwunozivikanwa seCVE-2017-5754. Icho ndicho chakakomba kwazvo pamatambudziko akaonekwa uye anonyanya kubata maIntel processor akaburitswa mumakore gumi apfuura. Nekuda kwekunetsekana uku, maitiro asina rukudzo anogona kuwana nzvimbo yakachengetwa mundangariro yekernel, rinova dambudziko rakakomba rekuchengetedza. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo dzekurangarira RAM dzinogona kuraswa. Zvimedu zvekugadzirisa kunetseka uku zvakanyanya kunokanganisa mashandiro.
  • Specter: zita rayo rinowanikwa mukuoma kwazvakaita kuigadzirisa, nekudaro sechimiro ichatitevera kwenguva yakati rebei. Inoonekwa mune akati siyanei (CVE-2017-5753 uye CVE-2017-5717), ichive chakakomba, nekuti inogona kubvumira maitiro "ekunyengera" kernel mukufambisa ruzivo kubva kunzvimbo dzekurangarira dzinogadzirisa, ndiko Mune mamwe mazwi, inoputsa chipingamupinyi pakati pekushandisa. Mune ino kesi, zvinokanganisa mamwe microprocessors, asi inogona kugadziriswa neyakareruka software kugadzirisa uye kurasikirwa kwekuita kuri kuita nil ...

Izvi zvese ndezve Meltdown uye Specter yakatsanangurwa nenzira yakapusa uye pasina kushandisa mutauro wehunyanzvi kuti munhu wese anzwisise. Pakupedzisira izvo zvatakaona ndezvekuti Meltdown uye Specter vanogona kuwana dhata yakachengetwa mundangariro yekumhanya zvirongwa uye izvi nekushandisa uye yakaipa code iri kutyisidzira. Zvino, izvi zvinogona kundibata sei? Eya, mhinduro iri nyore zvakare, nekuti vanogona kubvumira gadzirisa data, kusefa mapassword uye zvakavanzika dhata, mapikicha, maemail, fomu data, nezvimwe.. Naizvozvo idambudziko hombe rekuchengetedza, pamwe iri rakakura kwazvo munguva dzichangopfuura.

Linus Torvalds ataura

Intel fuck iwe! Linus torvalds

Linus Torvalds, iye musiki weNVIDIA Fuck iwe! Iye zvino zvinoita sekunge akapa Intel yekumuka-mhanya nekuda kwekukanganisa kukuru kwavakaita. Uye mumatambo ehurukuro nezve dambudziko rasara nekuda kweLinux kernel iri kukanganiswa, mazwi ekutanga emusiki haana kuitirwa kuti amirire:

Nei izvi zvese pasina sarudzo dzekumisikidza? Anokwanisa CPU injinjini aigona kugadzirisa izvi nekuona chokwadi chekuti fungidziro haipfuure munzvimbo dzekuchengetedza. […] Ini ndinofunga INtel inoda kutarisa maCPU avo, uye vanobvuma chaizvo kuti vane matambudziko pane kunyora PR buzz vachiti zvese zvinoshanda nenzira yavakazvigadzira nayo. (Mukureva kune zvirevo zveIntel). ...uye izvo chaizvo zvinoreva kuti ese iwo matinji ekudzora dambudziko anofanirwa kunyorwa aine "kwete ese maCPU marara" mupfungwa.. (Mukureva chigamba chiri kuiswa uye kukanganisa ese x86-64 microprocessors inosanganisira AMD kunyangwe isina kukanganiswa nekukanganisa kurasikirwa kwekuita) Kana kuti Intel iri kuti 'takazvipira kukutengesera shit nariini nariini, tisingambogadzirise chero chinhu'? […] Nekuti kana zvirizvo, pamwe tinofanira kutanga kutarisa zvakanyanya kudivi revanhu reARM64 (Tichireva kuti Intel ichagadzirisa dambudziko racho here kana kuramba ichitengesa zvigadzirwa zvinonetsa). Ndokumbira utaure kune manejimendi. Nekuti ini ndiri kunyatsoona chaiwo maviri mikana:

  1. Intel haimboti inogadzirisa chero chinhu.
  2. Kana mhinduro idzi dzine nzira yekuremara.

Kuzivisa kunoreva kune kodhi yeiyo yakaiswa chigamba zvakanyanya kukanganisa mashandiro CPU uye inobata ma processor ese mumhuri iyi, kunyangwe ivo vari kukanganiswa nekusagadzikana. Ndokusaka AMD yakaratidza kuti vari kushanda kuti vadzivise kuti microprocessors yavo zvakare ine kurasikirwa kwekuita kwechigamba sezvo vasina kukanganiswa.

Ndeapi ma processor anokanganisa?

Microprocessor chip yakatarisana pasi

Uyu ndiwo mubvunzo wemamirioni emadhora, kubvira kwete zvinokanganisa chete Linux kure nazvoIdambudziko chip uye nekudaro rinobata ese macOS, Windows, Android uye kunyangwe iOS, nezvimwe. Naizvozvo hachisi chimwe chinhu chakanangana, uye ikozvino tichaona kuti ndeapi machipisi anokanganiswa nedambudziko rekugadzira iri:

Microprocessors inokanganiswa neMeltdown:

Chaizvoizvo ese Intel microprocessors akagadzirwa kubvira 1995 Kusvika parizvino vari kubatwa nedambudziko rakakomba, nekuti zvinotora mukana wekuurayiwa kunze kwehurongwa kuti hutore mukana wacho. Izvi zvinoreva malaptop, desktops, maseva, uye supercomputer vachishandisa ma processor, uye kunyangwe mamwe mafoni mbozha ane Atom machipisi, nezvimwe. Iwo akasarudzika maIntel Atom anoshandisa kuuraya zvakarongeka (izvo zvakabuda pamberi pa2013, sezvo maatomu azvino uno anoshandisa OoOE) uye zvakare Intel Itanium iyo hapana anozove nayo pamba sezvo zvakagadzirirwa michina mikuru.

Microprocessors Kukanganiswa?
Intel Celeron SI
Intel Pentium SI
Intel Core SI
IntelCore 2 SI
Intel Core i3 SI
Intel Core i5 SI
Intel Core i7 SI
Intel Core i9 SI
Intel Celeron SI
intel xeon SI
Intel Atomu * Ivo chete vakaburitswa mushure megore ra2013
Intel Itanium HERE

* Maminitsi ekupedzisira: ARM Cortex-A75 inobatwawo neMeltdown. Parizvino chete iyi modhi inoita kunge irikukanganiswa, asi iwe unotoziva kuti maARM marezinesi IP cores evamwe vagadziri veSoC uye kana vaine Cortex-A75 vanozobatwawo. Asi zvinoita sekunge mhedzisiro yacho ishoma mune ino kesi ...

ari AMD uye ARM-based microprocessors (Qualcomm, Samsung, Apple, Mediatek, nezvimwewo) hazvibatwe nedambudziko iri. Kana uine imwe yeaya machipisi unogona kufema nyore… Izvo zvakakonzeresa kuti Intel migove itengeswe uye ivo vanowira mumusika wemasheya nenzira inonzwika panguva imwechete iyo ma AMD awedzera. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti AMD haitenderi ndangariro mareferenzi erudzi urwu, kusanganisira zvekufungidzira mareferenzi, saka ivo vanogona kukuvadzwa neMeltdown.

Specter Inobata Microprocessors:

Mune ino kesi huwandu hwezvinhu zvakakanganiswa uye machipisi akawedzerwa, sezvo isu tichionawo mapiritsi, mafoni, desktops, malaptop, maseva, supercomputer, nezvimwe. zvakakanganiswa. Mune ino kesi, iyo Intel machipisi inokanganisika, ese iwo ma ARM Cortex-A machipisi, uye ayo e AMD anogona zvakare kukanganiswa.

Microprocessors Kukanganiswa?
Intel SI
NVIDIA GPUs HAPANA ***
ruoko * Cortex-A chete
AMD ** Ona inotevera tafura

* Panyaya yeARM, inokanganisa nhamba hombe yeSoCs iyo inogadziridza dhizaini kana ARM IP macres mukati senge iwo eQualcomm Snapdragon, Samsung Exynox, Apple A-Series, Mediatek, NVIDIA (handireve maGPU, asi ku MaARM-based SoCs), nezvimwe.

*** Mamwe midhiya akavhiringidza nhau, asi maGPU haana kukanganiswa (ona UPDATE (yekupedzisira miniti)).

** Zvino isu tinoenda kune iyo nyaya ye AMD, pane yepamutemo webhusaiti yeCPU dhizaini tinogona kuona tafura inotitungamira kune tariro uye inotisiya isu takadzikama.

musiyano wezvinyorwa Musoro muGoogle Project Zero Mashoko
1 Miganhu Tarisa Kupfuura Inogadziriswa neOs inogadziridza kana zvigamba zvine mashoma maitiro maitiro
2 Bazi Target Jekiseni Misiyano mu AMD microarchitecture inoita njodzi yekushandisa padhuze ne zero.
3 Rogue Dhata Cache Mutoro Hapana njodzi kune vanogadzira AMD nekuda kwekusiyana kwema microarchitecture.

Misiyano mukugadzirwa kweADD inodzivirira matambudziko anokonzerwa neMeltdown, sezvo maCUU asingafungidzire mushandisi kodhi mitoro yakananga mukernel memory. Uye iyo AMD ASID inodzivirirawo matambudziko evaenzi VMs nevashandisi vemidzi pane izvi.

Microprocessors HASINA kukanganiswa neSpecter:

Iyi rondedzero ye microprocessors haina rusununguko senge Specter nekuti chiteshi chavo chekuraira chakanyanya kuomarara uye chinoitwa zvakateedzana (havasi maOoOE maumbirwo madiki) kana nekuti anosanganisira hunhu hunovaita kuti vazvidzivirires. Dzimwe dzingaite sedzakakwegura, asi dzimwe ndedzechimanje manje sezvazviri SPARC uye iyo AMD Zen. Saka kana iwe uine CPU iri mune inotevera runyorwa iwe haufanire kunetseka nezve chero chinhu:

  • YakasimbaARM
  • SuperSPARC
  • Transmeta Crusoe uye Efficeon
  • Simba PC 603
  • Yakare x86: Pentium I uye macones, ese ekare 8-bit uye 16-bit machipisi, IDT WinChip, VIA C3, 386 uye clones, 486 uye clones
  • Z80
  • 6500 nezvimwe zvakadaro
  • 68k
  • ARM Cortex-A7 MPCore (Raspberry Pi 2)
  • ARM Cortex-A5
  • ARM Cortex-A53 MPCore kunyangwe iine kuurayiwa kwakasiyana pane yapfuura uye neforogo, inoita kunge isiri kubatwa. Izvo zveRaspberry Pi 3 uye mamwe mafoni uye mahwendefa akadai seQualcomm Snapdragon 625 akaiswa pano ...
  • Intel Atom pamberi pa2013, ndiko kuti, iwo akavakirwa pamaumbirwo madiki senge Diamondville, Silverthorne, Pineview, nezvimwe-, sezvo vasingashandise kunze-kwe-kuuraya kuuraya.
  • VIA C7 inoshandisa yakakosha bazi kufanotaura chirongwa asi ivo havana kukanganiswa.
  • Intel Itanium (IA-64)
  • IBM POWER6 ine mashoma kufanotaura kwebazi saka zvinoita kunge isingakundike.
  • Xeon Phi uye GPGPUs
  • SPRC T-Series
  • AMD Zen: Ryzen uye EPyC microprocessors vane zvinonakidza mabasa ekugona kukanganisa kana kukuvadzwa kune Specter. Iko kumisikidzwa kwandinotaura ndiSME / SEV (Yakachengeteka Yekuchengetedzwa Kwekuchengetedzwa & Yakachengeteka Yakavharidzirwa Virtualization) iyo yaizodzivirira chero memory yekudzoreredza iyo inogona kukanganisa iyo system uye virtualization nharaunda.

Chii chinogadziriswa?

Security kukiya

aplicar zvigamba kana kugadzirisa yedu system, chero zvazvingava, uye na Zvimedu Tichava nekukanganisa kurasikirwa kwekuita kwatinojekesa kuti chii mune yekupedzisira poindi, asi zvirinani padanho rekuchengetedza isu tinenge takatodzivirirwa. Iti pane atove maratidziro anopesana neMeltdown yeLinux, uye mamwe masisitimu anoshanda. Chinhu chakaipisisa chiri maererano nemidziyo yeApple, havazi vese vane OTA inogadziridza ...

Unogona kuona mamwe mashoko nezvazvo mune izvi zvinongedzo:

Chii kurasikirwa kwekuita?

Odometer

Takasangana na mhinduro mbiri dzinogoneka:

  1. By software: Inosanganisira kuita zvigamba zvemacOS, Linux, Windows, iOS uye Android masisitimu anoshanda, asi izvi zvinosuruvarisa kwete chete kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuchengetedza asi zvichaita kuti system yedu inonoke nekuda kwenzira yavanokanganisa iko kuitisa kunze kwehurongwa, iko kwekufungidzira kuuraya kana kudzima iyo TLB yeCUU yedu ine yakakosha kurasikirwa kwekuita. Vamwe vakataura zvinosvika makumi mashanu kubva muzana mashandiro mashoma muCPU yedu, kumwe kufungidzira kushoma kwakashata kunotaura nezve pakati pe50 ne5% yeakarasika mashandiro zvichienderana nerudzi rwe software ratinoita. Vamwe vari kuyedza kudzikamisa alarm uye vachiti mimwe mitambo yemavhidhiyo yakaedzwa yakangopa kurasikirwa kwe30% mukuita maererano neFPS (chete mune iyo Linux, muWindows ivo vasina kuongororwa), izvozvi mumavhidhiyo emavhidhiyo mutambo uyu haunyatso kubvunza kusvetukira munzvimbo yenzvimbo, asi chii chinoitika nemamwe mapurogiramu uye ne software ine kodhi ine mirayiridzo yakawanda inoenderana nemamiriro ...? Pano kurasikirwa kwekuita kunogona kuve kwakanyanya. Chiri chechokwadi ndechekuti vamwe vakaita seIntel uye mamwe mawebhusaiti vakaedza kudzikamisa vashandisi uye vachiti kurasikirwa kwekuita hakuzoonekwe nevashandisi vazhinji vekumba uye kuti idambudziko rinokanganisa nzvimbo dzedata, maseva, nezvimwe. zvakafanotaurwa tinotenda mazviri? Ichokwadi ndechekuti iwe unofanirwa kuramba wakadzikama uye kumirira kuti uone zvinoitika.
  2. Ne hardware: Inosanganisira ongororo yezvazvino machipisi uye kugadziriswazve kwemaazvino michina kuitira kuti izvi zvisaitike, inova nguva inopedza, inodhura kwazvo, uye hatigone kutarisira mhinduro munguva pfupi. Kana iri Intel kuti isarudze kutsiva machipsi evatengi vayo vese vanobatwa, ini ndinofunga mhinduro yakajeka ndeyekuti: hahaha, mira wakagara. Izvi zvaizoreva kurasikirwa kwemamirioni emadhora kukambani uye handifunge kuti zvichaitika.

Kurasikirwa mukuita hakuzonzwikwe mukushandisa kwese uye ese maCPU mamodheru nenzira imwecheteyo, zviripachena, saka pachave nemhando dzinokanganiswa kupfuura dzimwe. Uye ndizvo mboro huru bhadharira chip chizvarwa chekupedzisira uye woona kuti kune chimwe chezvikwiriso izvi haugone kushandisa mashandiro acho ku100%, asi ndizvo zviripo kana vamwe vasingaite basa ravo nemazvo.

Mahara makuru data data senge iwo e Amazon Web Service, Microsoft Azure uye zvakare Google Cloud Nekuda kwedambudziko iri, kana uchishandisa Intel microprocessors mumaseva avo, kurasikirwa kwekuita kunofungidzirwa kutenderedza 20% mune idzi kesi uko SQL dhatabhesi inobatwa. Ichokwadi zvakare kuti vamwe vakaita seGoogle vanoti kurasikirwa kwekuita hakuna basa.

UPDATE (Yekupedzisira awa):

Sezvo nguva dzinoenda tinodzidza zvinhu zvitsva nezve iyi kesi:

  • Imwe yacho ndeye mhosva inopesana neIntel izvo hazvina kuitwa kumirira. Kunyanya, chip hofori yakagamuchira matatu kubva kuUnited States uye pamwe zvimwe ichauya. Matare eCalifornia, Indiana neOregon ave ari ekutanga kuita kupomedzerwa sekutadza kuburitsa hupo hwekusagadzikana munguva, kudzora maprosesa avo kuburikidza nekuvandudza uye kutadza kuchengetedza kuchengetedzeka kwevashandisi.
  • Intel masheya ari kudonha nepo ma AMD ari kuwedzera, uye izvo zvakaburitsawo chiito chingadai chisina kucherechedzwa dai izvi zvisina kuitika. Uye ndizvozvo Intel CEO yatengesa inenge hafu yemasheya ake mumwedzi mumwe chete kutyora kwekuchengetedza kusati kwaziviswa. Brian Krzanich akarasa zvikamu zvake uye izvi, kunyangwe ivo vachitaura kubva kukambani kuti hazvinei nenyaya, zvinogona kuratidza kuti ivo vanofungidzirwa kuti vaitoziva nezvedambudziko kare uye ndosaka vakaita saizvozvo.
  • Kuonekwa maumbirwo matsva akanganiswa nedambudzikoKunyangwe izvi zvisina kupararira zvakanyanya, zvakakosha mumaseva uye makomputa makuru. Isu tinotaura nezve IBM POWER8 (Little Endian uye Big Endian), IBM System Z, IBM POWER9 (Little Endian) uye tichaona kana tichifanira kuwedzera runyorwa munguva pfupi.
  • El Linux kernel yakagadzirwazve zvigamba kudzivirira makuru data data, maseva, uye makuru masisitimu anoenderana nazvo kubva mukukuvadzwa zvakanyanya. Kunyanya, iyo KPTI (Kernel Peji Tafura Isolation) yakabatwa, yaimbozivikanwa seKAISER kana colloquially FUCKWIT (Inomanikidza Kumisikidza Yakazara Kernel NeInterrupt Trampolines), iyo inosarudzika nani nzvimbo yemushandisi kubva kune kernel nzvimbo mundangariro nekukamura zvirimo mu matafura maviri paging zvakasiyana. Kupatsanura tafura kuri kugara kuchichenesa iyo TLB cache pamwe nekuwedzera kunotevera kwekutadza uye kudiwa kwemaawa mazhinji kutenderera kutsvaga dhata uye mirairo mundangariro, ndiko kuti, zvinoderedza mashandiro zvakanyanya uye zvinoenderana nesystem inoshevedzwa nechirongwa, zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya kana zvishoma, asi pa ndoda kudzivirira Meltdown inopeputswa. Dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira dzakadai seASLR dzakawedzerwa uye dzakaitwa muLinux 4.14.11 uye nedzimwe shanduro dzeLTS dzakapfuura: 4.9.74, 4.4.109, 3.16.52, 3.18.91 uye 3.2.97.
  • Kurasikirwa kwekuita kwekufungidzira zvimwe zvazvino zvinotaura nezve 5% kurasikirwa kwekuita sekutaura kwaLinus Torvalds, asi anoti zvakare mune mamwe maCPU akura asingasanganisi PCID mhedzisiro yacho ingave yakakura kwazvo.
  • Parizvino vachengeti vekuchengetedza usatende kuti kukundikana uku kwakashandiswa kuita kurwisa, zvirinani zvakakosha.
  • Luke Wagner anobva kuMozilla, injiniya yeJavaScript neWebAssembly yakataura kuti vakaita PoCs uye zvinosimbiswa kuti JavaScript-based attack inogona kuitwa kuburikidza nemabhurawuza. Naizvozvo ivo vatove kushanda pamhinduro ... Google iri kushandawo kugadzirisa Google Chrome uye musi waNdira 23 Chrome 64 ichaburitswa pamwe nekugadziriswa. Panguva ino tinogona kuita zvinotevera:
    • Mozilla Firefox: Hapana zvakawanda zvekuita, ivo vanga vari mukutarisira kwekuvandudza mavhezheni avo kubva pa57 nekugadzirisa mashandiro.now () basa uye kuremadza SharedArrayBuffer ficha uye ivo vari kushanda pane mamwe matanho ekuchengetedza.
    • Google Chrome: Zvichakadaro iwe unogona kumisikidza nzira dzekuchengetedza kupatsanura mawebhusaiti nemaoko. Kune izvi iwe unogona kuwana iyo kero chrome: // mireza / # inogonesa-saiti-per-maitiro uye isu tinogonesa sarudzo yakamisikidzwa yeyero inoti Script Site Isolate. Kana iwe uine Chrome pane Android iwe unogona zvakare kuwana iyi sarudzo mu chrome: // flags asi zvinogona kutungamira kumakakatanwa kana kurasikirwa kwekuita.
  • Iwo maratidziro ekugadzirisa matambudziko ari kukonzera vamwe kupfuura kuita. MuWindows, semuenzaniso, kune matambudziko nemamwe antivirus uye anogadzirwa yebhuruu screen inopfura kubva mukukonana. Saka unoda antivirus inoenderana ...
  • Google inoshanda patsva iyo ichaburitswa nhasi Ndira 5, 2018 yeApple, asi ichangosvika chete kune aya mafoni anotsigira OTA inogadziridza, yekutanga ichava iyo Pixel 2 uye iyo yese ichaenderana nevagadziri veyedu terminal ...
  • apuro Iyo zvakare inogadzirira zvigamba zveIOS uye macOS asi ivo havana kutaura chero chinhu panguva ino ... Zvinotaridza kuti mu macOS High Sierra 10.13.2 dambudziko rave kunge rakagadziriswa, asi zvinoita sekunge mushanduro 10.13.3 pachave Dzimwe nhau. Tichaona zvavanoita neIOS yePhones uye iPads.
  • ruoko Iri zvakare kupa zvigamba kune avo vakanganisa mapurosesa, uye zvigamba zvave kuwanikwa kune Linux kernel pamwe nekutirangaridza kushandisa ARM Trusted Firmware yekuwedzera kuchengetedzeka.
  • Waini uye software yekuita Iwo ndiwo marudzi esoftware anogona kuve nekumwe kurasikirwa kwekuita mukuitwa kwavo nekuda kwenhamba yesikirini inodiwa pakuurayiwa kwavo.
  • Kwete makomputa chete anokanganiswa uye nharembozha, zvakare zvimwe zvishandiso zvakaita semota dzakabatana, masisitimu emaindasitiri ane maSoCs akavakirwa pamachipisi akakanganisika, otomatiki epamba, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zveIoT, nezvimwe.
  • NVIDIA yakagadzirisa vatyairi vayo kune avo maGeGorce, Quadro uye NVS mamodheru nekuti vanogona kukanganiswa neSpecter mune yavo controller, ndosaka ivo vakamhanyira kugadzirisa madhiraivha. Asi hazvikanganise iyo GPU pachayo ... iyo yakapusa mutyairi yekudzoreredza kudzvanya mukushandisa munjodzi masisitimu, sezvo mabhurawuza, antivirus, uye zvimwe software zviri kuvandudzwa. Nhau dzeGPU dzakabatwa ndedzekunyepa ...
  • Kuwedzera kwezvivakwa zvakavakirwa, Iwe unotoziva kuti Meltdown idambudziko reIntel chete (ese maARM uye AMD haana kukanganiswa mumaPoCs akaitwa zvinogutsa), nepo Specter ichikanganisawo:
Mhuri Kukanganiswa?
x86-64 Ehe * Ona tafura yeIntel uye AMD pamberi payo yatinowedzerawo iyo VIA microprocessors
IA-64 Aihwa
SIMBA POWER8 (Big Endian uye Little Endian) uye POWER9 (Little Endian)
SPARC * Solaris anoshandisa kero kupatsanura nzvimbo mu kernel uye SPARC pamwe haina kukanganiswa ... asi zvakadii nezve SPARC pasi peimwe masisitimu anoshanda? Sezviri pachena ivo havagoni kukuvadzwa mune chero zvazvingaitika.
MIPI Aihwa
RISK Kana * RISC-V yakasimbiswa neRISC Foundation seinotambura
ruoko Hongu * Haasi munhu wese ari panjodzi nekuti Cortex-M haina njodzi uye kana Cortex-A8 asi imwe Cortex-A Series iri
z / Sisitimu Si
  • Zvichakadaro Intel iri kuenderera mberi nekuburitsa mamodheru kumusika wakakanganiswa pasina chawakagadzirisa kupfuura zvigamba.Ungatenga microprocessor nhasi yaunoziva kuti yakanganiswa? Haasi chete emhando dzekare achiri kutengeswa mudura, asiwo mamodheru akatangwa izvozvi achangosiya fekitori seCoffe Lake ...
  • Ticharamba tichiwedzera ruzivo uye zvichimirira awa rekupedzisira, sezvo zvingangoita kuti matsva ekuchengetedza matanho achabuda uye zvinokwanisika kuti mitsva mitsva iburitswe iyo inogona kuramba ichikonzera matambudziko ...

Sezvandinotaura iyo sipo opera ichangotanga, uye ini ndinonzwa kuti yakawanda yenyaya idzi dzichanyorwa idzo dzave ZVAKANYANYA KUKOSHA KUKOSHA MUNYAYA:

kudya popcorn pa cinema

Usakanganwa kusiya zvaunotaura… Kana iwe uine makomendi ekuwedzera, kusahadzika, kana chero chii zvacho.


Makomendi gumi, siya zvako

Siya yako yekutaura

Your kero e havazobvumirwi ichibudiswa. Raida minda anozivikanwa ne *

*

*

  1. Inotarisira data: AB Internet Networks 2008 SL
  2. Chinangwa cheiyo data: Kudzora SPAM, manejimendi manejimendi.
  3. Legitimation: Kubvuma kwako
  4. Kutaurirana kwedata
  5. Dhata yekuchengetedza: Dhatabhesi inobatwa neOccentus Networks (EU)
  6. Kodzero: Panguva ipi neipi iwe unogona kudzora, kupora uye kudzima ruzivo rwako

  1.   David akadaro

    Ko iyo yepakati 2 Quad q660 ichakanganiswa here?

    1.    Kuende (KUE) akadaro

      Ehe, zvinoita sekunge ehe, ini ndinofunga ndivo vechipiri chizvarwa Core. Ivo havana kana kugadzirisa iwo ari mukati meMY

    2.    Isaac akadaro

      Sawa,

      Ehe, ivo vanotapurwa!

      Kwaziso nekutenda nekutevera

  2.   Keke korneya akadaro

    Iyo Ubuntu yeruzivo chinongedzo haina kunaka ('Meltdown' is misspelled). Izvo ndizvo https://wiki.ubuntu.com/SecurityTeam/KnowledgeBase/SpectreAndMeltdown

  3.   3 akadaro

    runyararo rwepfungwa uye mabhenefiti ekushandisa AMD… ndewechipiri kune chero

    1.    4 akadaro

      Ndozvamunofunga, Specter inobatawo AMD uye ndiyo ine njodzi zvakanyanya.

  4.   Daniel akadaro

    Yakakura shit neIntel processor. Nhasi kana zvasvika pakushandura timu ichafanirwa kunge iri AMD, ndinodzokorora, hombe shit. Kwazisai uye chinyorwa chakanaka.

  5.   Shalem Dior Juz akadaro

    Stacks gentlemen! ichi hachisi chikanganiso chekuchengetedza, iwo mapurosesa aifungidzirwa seakadaro. Izvo zvakawanikwa nevamwe vakomana muGoogle mwedzi ingangoita mitanhatu yapfuura musuwo wekumashure kwavange vachitisora ​​kubva 1995. Nyaya haisi Microcode, ndeye dhizaini, uye kuti Backdoor rakaiswa ipapo pakuda. Takatarisana nechikanganiso chakaomesesa chekuchengetedza munhoroondo yevanhu kusvika parizvino.

  6.   Lilac Salmon akadaro

    Ini handioni kubva patafura kana iyo Intel Core Quad Q9550 processor ikakanganiswa nechengetedzo zvikanganiso.
    Ndokumbirawo kuti chero munhu ave nemhinduro?
    gracias

    1.    Isaac akadaro

      Mhoroi, Ehe vanokanganiswa.

      Shuwiro yakanakisa! Ndatenda zvikuru nekuverenga kwedu ...

      1.    Tigirisi akadaro

        Zvirinani, tsvaga iyo cpuid ye processor yako uye utsvage kuburikidza nayo mune inotevera tafura
        https://newsroom.intel.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2018/01/microcode-update-guidance.pdf

  7.   MZ17 akadaro

    Ingori svondo rino ndanga ndafunga nezve kukwidziridza mobo uye processor ne Intel, Mushure mekuverenga nekuteerera kuraira kwandakafunga paRenzen, zuva rakatevera rekutenga ndipo pakaziviswa kutadza uye nezuro kuti iyo Ryzen inogadziridza PC yangu yasvika, ndaive rombo rakanaka nekudyara kwangu.

  8.   Juan akadaro

    Ona sezviri pachena kuti udzivise chero dambudziko neamd unofanirwa kunge uine fTPM yakaremara kana zvese izvi zvangoita mhirizhonga. Handina kuwana chero chinhu nezve kana paine nzira yekutarisa kana pc yangu yakanaka ne linux mune yangu ryzen 1700. Kana ndine mumwe wangu wandisingatombokuudza nekuti pandakaverenga izvi
    «TL: DR; PSP imusuwo wekumashure wehardware paPC yako iyo inogona kushandiswa pazvinangwa zvakashata. Coreboot / Libreboot raizove danho rekutanga kuitisa iyo, asi Coreboot parizvino haigone kumisikidzwa kusvikira AMD yashanda pamwe nenharaunda kubatsira vatengi kudzima chipsi chePSP. ”… Reddit
    https://www.reddit.com/r/Amd/comments/5x4hxu/we_are_amd_creators_of_athlon_radeon_and_other/
    ZVINONYANYA IYO IYO ATOMIC PUMP YEMAHARA SOFTWARE uye ZVINOKONZESA ZVINHU ZVAKAWANDA !!!!!

  9.   Anxo Varela akadaro

    Yakanakisa chinyorwa, chakazara uye chakanyanya kusvika parizvino. Ini ndakazvibatanidza mune blog blog, kana iwe ukandipa mvumo yako:

    http://www.linuxdemadera.org/2018/01/cpugate-o-directamente-cagate.html