Vasikana veENIAC

xr:d:DAFcE32MUw8:4,j:50115317,t:23030219

Mipiro yevakadzi kunhoroondo yeindasitiri yetekinoroji nHavasati vari vashoma kana kuti sevasingazivikanwi sezvavangada kuti vamwe tidavire. Semuenzaniso, isu tine nyaya yevasikana veENIAC.

International Women’s Day inorangarirwa muna Kurume, uye nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero vakasarudza zuva rine chokuita nokukundikana kwete nekubudirira kwavo kukuru. Ndosaka zvichikosha kuti tiirangarire.

Vasikana veENIAC

ENIAC yaive imwe yemakomputa ekutanga munhoroondo. Zita rayo rinoumbwa nemavambo echiRungu eElectronic Numerical Integrator Uye Computer.  Yakavakwa muna 1946, yaikwanisa kuita masvomhu anosvika 5000 XNUMX pasekondi, zvakanyanya kudarika mamwe mamodheru epanguva iyoyo.

Yakavakwa neinopfuura zviuru gumi nezvinomwe zvevacuum chubhu uye zviuru makumi manomwe zvinopikisa. Yakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa iyo yakaoma equations inodiwa pakugadzirwa kwezvombo zvenyukireya, Zvisinei, kushanda kwayo kune mamwe mashandisiro kwakakurumidza kuva pachena.

Apo kuvaka kwakatanga muna 1943, kwakanga kuri madikanwa kuziva nzira yokukuronga nayo. Nokuda kweizvi, vakadzi vatanhatu vakabhadharwa: Betty Holberton, Jean Jennings Bartik, Kay McNulty, Marlyn Wescoff Meltzer, Ruth Lichterman, naFrances Bilas Spence. Vese vakashanda se "Makomputa"

Makombiyuta Ndivo vaive nebasa rekugadzirisa maequation aishandiswa kugadzira macalculation tables nzira yepfuti.

Panguva iyoyo pakanga pasina Stack Kufashukira (Kana kuti nditi ChatGPT) uye pasina mitauro yekuronga, saka vatanhatu vanogadzira mapurogiramu. vaifanira kuita nepese pavaigona napo nemamiriro avo ezvinhu mumasvomhu uye pfungwa uye madhayagiramu ewaya emuchina usati wavakwa.

Payakavakwa, ENIAC yakanga yakareba mamita 2,5, kureba mamita 2,5 uye uremu hwematani makumi matatu. Izvo zvaisanganisira 30 U-lined mapaneru ane 40 vacuum chubhu imwe neimwe.

basa reboka Izvo hazvina kungoreva iyo programming pachayo (Kushandura iyo calculation process kuita matanho anonzwisisika ekombuta) ivo vakabatawo neiyo wiring. Uku ndiko kubatanidza iyo data uye mirairo yekugadzira kuburikidza netambo uye kana mhedzisiro yawanikwa, ichengetedze nenzira yetambo kune imwe mapaneru yekuchengetedza.

Pasinei nekugadzirira kwese uku, ENIAC yakaita kuverenga mumaminetsi ayo aimbotora maawa makumi mana.