Munguva pfupi yapfuura kuburitswa kweiyo vhezheni itsva yeOpenSSH 9.0 yakaziviswa, mutengi akavhurika uye kusevha server kushanda neSSH 2.0 uye SFTP protocol.
Kune avo vasingazive nezve OpenSSH (Vhura Yakachengeteka Shell) vanofanirwa kuziva izvo iyi seti yezvishandiso inobvumidza yakavharidzirwa kutaurirana pamusoro penetiweki, uchishandisa SSH protocol. Yakagadzirwa senge yemahara uye yakavhurika imwe nzira kune Yakachengeteka Shell chirongwa, inova yepfuma software.
Iyo OpenSSH suite inosanganisira inotevera kuraira mutsara zvinoshandiswa uye madhimoni:
- scp: inova chinotsiva rcp.
- sftp - Chinotsiviwa ne ftp yekuteedzera mafaera pakati pemakomputa.
- ssh - Chinotsiva rlogin, rsh, uye telnet kubvumidza Shell kuwana kumushini uri kure.
- ssh-wedzera uye ssh-mumiriri: seti yezvishandiso kugonesa chokwadi nekuchengeta makiyi akagadzirira uye kudzivirira kudiwa kwekuisa mapassword nguva dzese dzaanoshandiswa.
- ssh-keygen - Chishandiso chekutarisa nekugadzira RSA, DSA, uye elliptical curve makiyi ayo anoshandiswa kune mushandisi uye kuitisa kwechokwadi.
- ssh-keyscan: inoongorora rondedzero yevagari uye inotora makiyi eruzhinji.
- sshd: iyo SSH server daemon.
Main nyowani maficha eOpenSSH 9.0
Mushanduro itsva, kushandiswa scp inofambiswa neyakagadzika kushandisa SFTP pachinzvimbo chenhaka SCP/RCP protocol.
SFTP inoshandisa nzira dzinozivikanwa dzekubata mazita uye haishandise ganda kugadzirisa eglob mapatani pamazita emafaira kune rimwe divi remugamuchiri, izvo zvinogadzira nyaya dzekuchengetedza. Zvikuru sei, paunenge uchishandisa SCP neRCP, sevha inosarudza kuti ndeapi mafaera nemadhairekitori ekutumira kumutengi, uye mutengi anongotarisa kururamisa kwemazita echinhu chakadzorerwa, izvo, kana pasina cheki yakakodzera nemutengi, inobvumira sevha kupfuudza mamwe mazita emafaira akasiyana neaya akakumbirwa.
Protocol SFTP haina matambudziko aya, asi haitsigire yakakosha nzira yekuwedzera. se "~/". Kugadzirisa mutsauko uyu, kubva kuOpenSSH 8.7, iyo SFTP server kuita inotsigira "expand-path@openssh.com" protocol yekuwedzera kuwedzera iyo ~/ uye ~ mushandisi/ nzira.
Paunenge uchishandisa SFTP, vashandisi vanogonawo kusangana nekusawirirana zvichikonzerwa nekudiwa kwekuwedzera kaviri nzira yekupukunyuka mavara muSCP uye RCP zvikumbiro zvekudzivirira kuti zvisadudzirwe kudivi riri kure.
MuSFTP, kutiza uku hakuna basa uye mamwe makotesheni anogona kukonzera kukanganisa kwekufambisa data. Panguva imwecheteyo, vagadziri veOpenSSH vakaramba kuwedzera wedzero kudzokorora maitiro escp mune iyi kesi, sezvo kupukunyuka kaviri kunoonekwa sechikanganiso chisina musoro kudzokorora.
Dzimwe shanduko dzinomira pachena mune iyi vhezheni itsva yeOpenSSH 9.0 ndiyo ssh uye sshd vane hybrid kiyi yekutsinhana algorithm "sntrup761x25519-sha512@openssh.com" (ECDH/x25519 + NTRU Prime) inogoneswa neyakagadzika, inodzivirira kune brute simba pamakomputa equantum, uye yakabatanidzwa neECDH/x25519 kuvharira matambudziko angangoitika muNTRU Prime anogona kubuda mune ramangwana. Muchikamu cheKexAlgorithms, iyo inosarudza kurongeka kwakasarudzwa nzira dzekuchinjana dzinokosha, iyo algorithm yakataurwa ikozvino inotungamira uye inotungamira pamusoro peECDH neDH algorithms.
Kune rimwe divi, zvinoratidzwa zvakare kuti quantum makomputa haisati yasvika padanho rechinyakare kiyi decryption, asi. kushandiswa kwe hybrid protection ichadzivirira vashandisi kubva pakurwiswa kwakabatana nekuchengetwa kweakabatwa SSH masesheni mune tarisiro yekuti vanogona kucheneswa mune ramangwana, kana iyo inodiwa quantum makomputa inowanikwa.
Kuwedzeredzwa "copy-data" yakawedzerwa kune sftp-server, iyo inobvumira kukopa data padivi reseva, pasina kuiendesa kune mutengi, kana kwainosuka uye mafaera ekuenda ari pane imwechete server.
Zvakare "cp" murairo wakawedzerwa kune sftp utility kumanikidza mutengi kukopa mafaera padivi reseva.
Finalmente kana iwe uchifarira kuziva zvakawanda nezvazvo nezve iyi vhezheni nyowani, iwe unogona kutarisa iyo ruzivo nekuenda kunotevera chinongedzo.
Maitiro ekuisa OpenSSH 9 paLinux?
Kune avo vanofarira kugona kuisa iyi nyowani vhezheni yeOpenSSH pane avo masisitimu, nekuti izvozvi vanogona kuzviita kurodha pasi kodhi kodhi yeiyi uye vachiita muunganidzwa pamakomputa avo.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo vhezheni nyowani haisati yaverengerwa mumachengeterwo ezvekutanga zvekuparadzirwa kweLinux. Kuti uwane iyo kodhi kodhi, iwe unogona kuita kubva ku next link.
Waita kurodha pasi, ikozvino tava kuzobvisa pasuru yacho nemirairo inotevera
tar -xvf openssh-9.0.tar.gz
Isu tinopinda dhairekitori rakagadzirwa:
cd openssh-9.0
Y tinogona kuumbiridza ne inotevera mirairo:
./configure --prefix=/opt --sysconfdir=/etc/ssh make make install
Ndatenda nechinyorwa icho chinonakidza uye chinobatsira, asi chidzidzo chekuisa hachisi chokwadi:
Kana iyo openssh-9.0.tar.gz faira isina kudzvanywa, nemurairo wakapihwa, haiburitse openssh-9.0 dhairekitori, asi panzvimbo pacho inoisunungura kune inotevera nzira:
./ssh
Zvakadaro uye kuwana kune iyo isina kuvharwa folda, kana uchitanga murairo:
./configure --prefix=/opt --sysconfdir=/etc/ssh
mhinduro ndeiyi:
faira kana dhairekitori harisipo: ./configure
Ndinokutendai zvikuru.