NVIDIA inotenga ARM: mhedzisiro kune iyo indasitiri

Nhau idzi dzainge dzatove nekanguva. Runyerekupe rwezvinobvira kutengwa kweARM neNVIDIA vakanga vava kusimba. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, pakanga pachine tariro, senge kuti kutora kwacho hakuna kugamuchirwa, kana kuti Boris Johnson akavhotesa kutengwa kuponesa dzimbahwe reCambridge muUnited Kingdom. Asi hapana chimwe cheicho chakaitika uye tarisiro dzakaipisisa dzakazadzikiswa. Kana kuti kwaive netariro yakawanda ...

Vazhinji vanogona kufunga kuti kufamba kwacho chinhu chakanaka, uye chokwadi ndechekuti zvinoenderana naani. NVIDIA zvirokwazvo haina kubhadhara 40.000 mamiriyoni emadhora zvekunakidzwa. Kufamba uku kunomuunzira mabhenefiti akakura uye chinzvimbo chakanyanya kuwanda muchikamu ichi, asi hazvo pachange paine vakawanda vakawirwa munzira, uye mukuru anogona kunge ari iye ARM pachayo.

Nhanganyaya kuARM

Acorn Computer Yaive kambani yakavambwa naHermann Hauser naChris Curry, uye iine chirongwa chakatungamirwa naSophie Wilson naSteve Furber, pakati pevamwe. Izvi zvaizotanga kugadzira chivakwa cheARM muna 1983, ichivhura chigadzirwa chayo chekutanga chakavakirwa pairi muna 1987. Chinangwa chekutanga chaive chekugadzira processor yepamberi ine chivakwa chakafanana neMOS 6502, nyora RISC. Nenzira iyoyo aigona kupa simba mutsetse wake wemakomputa ega kuti atsive machipisi mazana matanhatu nemakumi mairi nemakumi mairi nemaviri aange akavakirwa ipapo, uye vavandudziri vavo vaive vakasununguka.

Pakutanga, Acorn RISC Machine (yakazotevera Advanced RISC Mashini) yaive isina kana kufarira kunze kweizvi zvigadzirwa zvemiti. Asi nekuuya kwemafoni nhare, hukama hwavo hwakanaka kuita-simba kushanda zvakanaka, uzviise pachinangwa chemunhu wese. Vakabva pakuva vangangove vashoma kusvika pakuva mune yakawanda michina, kubva kumamememet, ma routers, maTV, sevatongi vechaunga chemidziyo, kune nhare mbozha.

Mumakore achangopfuura, makambani akaita seCavium (yava Marvel) neThunderX yayo, Amazon neGraviton yayo, Fujitsu neayo A64FX, Own EPI chirongwa, nezvimwewo, vaifarira ARM inopfuura nharembozha, kuti vazvishandise zvakare mumunda we HPC, se data nzvimbo. Uye kwete izvo chete, vamwe vaive vachigadzirawo emhando yepamusoro machipisi kuti vatange kubatidza mamwe maPC, senge mamwe maChannelbook, iyo Cupertino kambani pachayo neayo Apple silicon kana vachinge varasa Intel, nezvimwe.

Muchidimbu, "husiku," ARM yakaenda kubva pakuzivikanwa zvishoma kusvika pakuita Kwese kupi. Chimwe chinhu chinoyeuchidzawo kufambira mberi iyo iyo Linux kernel pachayo yakave ...

Yakareba nyaya ipfupi, Bhizimusi bhizinesi idzva rakashandurwa kuita imwe yemakambani akatsvakwa zvakanyanya. Iyo Giant yeJapan SoftBank akaita danho rakaipisisa kuEurope, achitenga kambani iyi pamamirioni 28.950 emamiriyoni, achitora chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvehunyanzvi zvakasara muOld Continent (iri pachena kutsamira kwetekinoroji kuUS neChina). Asi maJapan anga aine chivakwa chavo kwenguva pfupi, sezvo kutenga kwacho kwakaitika mu2016 uye muna2020 yakatengeswa ...

Uye kwete chaizvo nekuti bhizinesi raive risingabatsiri, nekuti nzira iyo Arm inofanirwa kupa tekinoroji yayo kune vamwe inogadzira. Uye anozviita nevaviri mhando dzakasiyana:

• Inobvumira shandisa yako ISA ARM, ndokuti, iyo repertoire yemirairo yavakagadzira. Chero ani anoda kuishandisa anogona kuzviita, sezvakaita Fujitsu kune ayo maA64FX machipisi, ayo ari maumbirwo akagadzirwa kubva pakutanga achishandisa iyi seti yemirairo. Apple Silicon iri futi imwe yenyaya idzi, ichishandisa ISA ARM, asi nedhizaina yakagadzirwa naApple pachayo yeayo A-Series machipisi.
• Imwe mukana yekuti inopa ndeyekupa marezenisi ayo IP cores yakagadzirirwa kare. Ndokunge, kuti upe yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa microarchitecture kuitira kuti vamwe vagadziri vagone kuzvisanganisa ivo pachavo magadzirirwo. Iyi ndiyo mamiriro epurojekiti ye EPI pachayo (ARM CPU + RISC-V accelerators), kana yevakawanda veSoCs yemidziyo mbozha, seQualcomm Snapdragon, Samsung Exynos, Mediatek Helio, HiSilicon Kirin, nezvimwewo, zvinosanganisa imwe kana zvimwe zveCortex-A, Cortex-M cores,… Pakadai, nzira inodhura yekugadzira iyo microarchitecture inoponeswa.

Muzviitiko zvese izvi, Arm inobhadharwa kuti uwane mubhenefiti akati ... Bhenefiti iyo yanga isiri iyo Booster huru yeNVIDIA kutenga Arm chikamu kubva kuSoftBank, sezvo Graphzilla zvido zvake zvichipfuura izvo, uye zvakanangana nekuwana mukana mutsva nekutonga mune mamwe matunhu sezvandichazoita manje. Nenzira, sezvaunenge uchitoziva, iko kutenga kuchavhara kwemakumi mana emamirioni emadhora, anenge 40.000 mamirioni euros.

Zvakare, iwo modhi iri hwaro hwekubudirira kwaArm. Kana ikabviswa, budiriro inogona kunyangarika yoenda kubva kuRuoko rwekukunda ichienda kune chishandiso chebatsiro reNVIDIA. Uye ini ndoda kujekesa kuti ichi hachisi monologue inopesana neNVIDIA, asi inofanira kucherechedzwa kuti inosanganisira njodzi dzakakomba kune wese munhu. Hazvina kumbobvira pave nekufunganya kwakanyanya nezve kuwanikwa kweiyi caliber.

Ndiani achakanganiswa nekutenga kweNVIDIA ARM?

Vamwe Mvumo mvumo uye vanoongorora indasitiri yehunyanzvi, uye manzwi ari padyo neArm, vimbisa kuti chibvumirano ichi chinogona kuperetera kupera kweArm pachayo, zvirinani sekuziva kwako izvozvi. Kuva chimwezve chigadzirwa chechigadzirwa cheNVIDIA kubatisisa mamwe matunhu maari izvo NVIDIA isingakwanise kutonga pamusoro pemamwe makambani makuru.

Kunyangwe vakawanda vachivimbisa izvozvo Iyo mienzaniso yeIP cores kana kushandiswa kweISA kwaizoramba kwakasimba mushure mechibvumirano, havasi vese vakachengeteka zvakaenzana. Naizvozvo, chokwadi chekuti vakarega kupa chero chazvo chingareva kurasikirwa kukuru uye kudzosera kumashure kumakambani akadai seSamsung, Qualcomm, Mediatek, uye yakareba etc. izvo zvino zvinoenderana neimwe yeaya mamodheru.

Nenzira, ini ndinogara ndichidoma makambani senge Samsung, Qualcomm, Mediatek, HiSilicon, Apple, nezvimwe, asi havazi ivo chete. Vamwe vakaita seIntel, AMD (yeVo Security Security), Rockchip, Marvel, Renesas, STMicroelectronics, NXP, Amazon, Fujitsu, Broadcom (ye, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, machipisi e Raspberry Pi) uye zvimwe zvakawanda. Ivo vese vava pasi pekusagadzikana kukuru, uye vazhinji vacho vakwikwidzi vakananga veNVIDIA mune mamwe matunhu ...

Uyezve, ikozvino ndeyekambani yeAmerica, Veto yaTrump muhondo dzake dzekutengeserana neChina kana neEurope, aigona zvakare kudzivirira vamwe kushandisa tekinoroji yeArm, inova njodzi zvechokwadi. Uye iko kuti kuronga kwemakwikwi microarchitecture kubva pakutanga haisi nyaya yemazuva kana mwedzi, zvinotora nguva yakawanda nemari, saka zvaizoisa makambani mazhinji pakajeka kusagadzikana.

Zvakare, manzwi akafanana Ryan smith, weAnandTech, akataura kuti chibvumirano chekutora chaive chikamu chiri nyore chechibvumirano. Chinhu chakaoma izvozvi chichava kugonesa vese vatengi izvo zvino vanovimba neArm kuti vagare.

Rimwe remazwi akatsoropodza anga ari weinjiniya kubva pamudyandigere, sezvazviri Chia Kok Hua. Anga achivhundutsa nezve ichi chinogona kutenga kwenguva yakati zvisati zvaitika, uye anoti ane ruzivo rwekutanga-ruzivo nezvechibvumirano, achivimbisa kuti hachisi chinhu chakanaka. Anoenderera mberi nekuvimbisa kuti, kunyangwe kana NVIDIA ichengetedza bhizinesi sezvazviri ikozvino, vakwikwidzi vayo vangasave nezvakawanda zvekuita nekuda kwekubatsira kwaizove neNVIDIA ikozvino.

Sei uchidaro? Zvakanaka, zvakapusa, uye iye zvino Arm yaingova dhizaini uyo anga asina kuzvipira mukugadzira kana kutengesa zvigadzirwa zvake, asi achingogadzirira vamwe. Naizvozvo, yanga isiri tyisidziro, asi yaingove sosi yehunyanzvi. Pane kudaro, NVIDIA haingori sosi chete, asiwo mukwikwidzi, uye ichaita zvese zvainogona kuti ibatsirwe nazvo, usazeze. Iye anoshandisa chinzvimbo chake kuwana mukana pamusoro pevamwe.

Semuenzaniso unogona zivisa shanduko muISA kana ecosystem kuti ubatsirwe, izvo zvingave zvisina kukodzera kune vamwe vagadziri.

NVIDIA mubatsiri mukuru

El mubatsiri mukuru yesangano iri ndiNVIDIA pachayo. Kufamba kwaArm kwave kusiri iko chete kunomuisa mune yakanyanya kunaka mamiriro:

1. NVIDIA yakawanikwa Mellanox kwemadhora mabhiriyoni 6.900 gore rapfuura. Naizvozvo, inochengetedza iyo InfiniBand uye Ethernet matekinoroji ayo kambani iyi yaive nayo mairi. Mune mamwe mazwi, makiyi matekinoroji ekumhanya-mhanya maratidziro anoshandiswa muchikamu cheHPC. Iye zvino iyo tekinoroji iri pasi pezita rekuti NVIDIA Networking.
2. NVIDIA inowana ruoko kwemamiriyoni makumi mana emamiriyoni emadhora. Ehe, angangoita madhora mazana mana nemakumi mashanu emadhora mukushandisa, asi ikozvino wave muchinzvimbo chiri kuzokuunzira zvakawanda kupfuura izvozvo.

Ndiri kurevei neizvi? Zvakanaka, yakapusa, uye NVIDIA ikozvino iri munzvimbo yakanakisa yeku kutonga munzvimbo yeHPC, uye kunyangwe kuisa makambani ane simba kwazvo panjodzi sezvo ini zvakadzama muchikamu chinotevera. Chikonzero? Hapana imwe ine mhinduro dzakazara, NVIDIA ikozvino inoita: ARM CPUs + GPUs + Networks. Ndiani angafanane nazvo?

x86 iri mungozi

Sezvandambotaura muchikamu chakapfuura, kunyangwe x86 inogona kunge iri munjodzi huru mushure mekufamba uku kubva kuNVIDIA. Zvirinani muHPC uye isu tichaona kana mune mamwe matunhu, uye ini handisi kutaura kudaro. Kune zvekare kumwe kunetsekana pakati pevamwe vashandi mumakambani senge Intel uye AMD, iyo inogona kuve vamwe vanobatiswa chibvumirano chechibvumirano ichi pakati peGrafzilla neArm.

Muindasitiri yedata repakati, Arm iri kuwedzera kukosha, uye ikozvino nezvose izvi zvekuwanikwa, NVIDIA ichakwanisa kuzvimisikidza semutungamiri asina kupokana uye kubvisa nzvimbo Intel Xeon uye AMD EPYC machipisi, iyo kusvika zvino yaida pamwechete nemaGPU ayo, asi ikozvino haisisiri.

Rangarira kuti AMD ikambani isina kusimba pane Intel, uye inogona kuve imwe yeakanyanya kubatwa. Uye mushure meiyi rebound neZen yake, kudzoka kutsva kunogona kutorwa pamwe nekufamba kwake akananga mukwikwidzi mundima yemifananidzo. Intel ndiyo hofori, iyo Chipzilla, asi Chipzilla yakanyanya, isina kusimba uye mune mamiriro asiri akanakisa, saka mhepo shoma ingazunungusa hutungamiriri ...

Ndinoomerera, iwe unofanirwa kutora ngowani yako kuenda kuNVIDIA kufamba, iyo inokunda zvakanyanya, asi inogona kuunza matambudziko akakomba kune vamwe vese. Naizvozvo, kunyangwe iri tenzi uye zvine hungwaru kufamba, haina tariro zvachose. Muchokwadi, kuzvitonga pamwe nezvakanaka izvi zvinopedzisira zvave kukuvadza vashandisi vega… Jensen Huang, CEO weNVIDIA, anga akangwara, asi danho iro vamwe vakaita saKevin Krewell, vanorondedzera se «kufamba kusina hanya".

Uye nenzira, Apple, iyo yabvisa Intel uye yatanga nzira yayo ne Apple silicon zvichibva paISA ARM, inogona zvakare kukanganiswa zvakanyanya. Vamwe vaongorori vanoti vane sarudzo mbiri, kana kuyedza kumisa NVIDIA, kana kutora imwe nzira. Yekutanga ini handioni, sezvo Apple isingakwikwidzi yakanangana neNVIDIA mukombuta yekombuta, uye kugovera zviwanikwa zvekurwira iyi calibre hazvingabatsire. Asi iyo yechipiri imwe sarudzo haisi yakachipa uye pfupi-yenguva mhinduro chero ...

Ko zvakadii Raspberry Pi uye Arduino?

Izvo zvakare runyerekupe kuti iyo SBC Raspberry Pi Iri munjodzi, nekuti inoshandisa Broadcom ARM machipisi. Asi hapana zvakawanda zvataurwa nezvebudiriro bhodhi Arduino, imwe yemahara chikuva iyo zvakare ine mamwe maARM-akavakirwa mabhodhi, uye kwete chete Atmel Atmega machipisi.

Zvichienderana nezvibvumirano zverezinesi zvinochengetwa neNVIDIA, zvinogona kukanganiswa kusvika padanho rakakura kana shoma. Ichiri yakanyanya kukurumidza kusarudza, asi hazvizokuvadze kudzikisa ARM uye kutarisa kwairi RISC-V, inova yakavhurika ISA. Muchokwadi, pane atove mamwe anonakidza kwazvo RISC-V mabhodhi ekuvandudza ...

Parizvino, Broadcom ndiyo inoita iyo SoC yeiyo Raspberry Pi, nepo Atmel ichiigadzirira iyo Arduino. Zvichienderana neiyo Ndinoedza izvo zvavanazvo idzi neNVIDIA dzinoenderana neramangwana remabhodhi aya.

ziso! Izvo zvinogona kutaurwa nezvevaya vese mahwendefa anoenderana kana akafanana izvo zviripo mumusika, senge ODROID, Orange Pi, Banana Pi, UDOO, uye mabhodhi akadai seBeagle, Tenssy, nezvimwe.

MaARM ma microcontroller

Imwe yeakakanganwa zvikuru ongororo yandakaona ndiyo Cortex-M, Arm akateedzana eMCUs kana ma microcontroller. Aya machipisi anoitirwa zvimwe zvinangwa, zvakadai semidziyo yakadzika kana yakadzamidzirwa, michina yeindasitiri, mota, IoT, zvishandiso zvevatengi zvezuva nezuva, nezvimwe

Mutsara uyuichave inobatsira kuNVIDIA? Zvichienderana nekuti iri mukufarira kweNVIDIA here kana kuti kwete, inogona kunge yakadzoserwa, zvichikonzera vazhinji vanovimba nazvo kuti varasikirwe neiyi IP dhizaini. Uye izvo zvaigona kupfuura chikamu chaicho chemakomputa uye supercomputers.

Izvi zvakafananawo ne ARM Cortex-R, imwe nhevedzano yeRISC CPUs akavakirwa paARM uye, mune ino kesi, yakagadziridzwa kune yakachengeteka uye yakakomba kunyorera, pamwe neiyo Real-Nguva (chaiyo nguva). Chimwe chidimbu chakakosha chevamwe maindasitiri uye zvimwe zvinoshandiswa.

Ehezve, kunyangwe isina kunyanyo kufarirwa, iri chikamu chine muto kwazvo. Uyezve tinowana mumwe mubvunzo. Uye, kunyangwe NVIDIA ichichengetedza kuvandudzwa kweaya maMCU, inogona kuwana mukana mukuru yeizvi mune akakosha zvikamu zvenguva yemberi senge mota, IoT, nezvimwe. Kubatsira kukuru kweimwe, kukuvadza vazhinji ...

Chibvumirano chakakanganiswa: RISC-V

NVIDIA handiye chete mubatsiri wedanho iri mukutengwa kweArm. Kune mumwe mubatsiri, asi anenge akabatana. Pasina kuzvitsvaga, ISA RISC-V anogona kuve muhombe muhombe, nekuti vazhinji vevaya varipo vanogumbuka Arm vatengi vanogona kupedzisira vodaidzira mukati RISC-V, iyo inokwezva kuwanda kwekudyara, kuvandudza, nekupa masimba eecosystem.

Nenzira, kunyangwe NVIDIA iri mumwe wevakabatana RISC-V Foundation, usafunge kuti akazviita navo mupfungwa. Muchokwadi, kana RISC-V ikatanga kuwana vateveri mushure mekufamba, inozovewo muvengi weNVIDIA pachayo. Saka tichaona zvinoitika kumupiro wako wazvino ...

Mike Demler, mumwe wevanoongorora vakuru kuThe Linley Group, akavimbisawo kuti «key vanhu vanogona kukanganisa. Vazhinji Arm vatengi vanogona kutarisa kuRISC-V«, Kureva chibvumirano pakati peNVIDIA neArm.

Pamwe vamwe vanofarira MIPI uye OpenPOWER Ivo vanogona zvakare kubatsirwa kubva pachibvumirano ichi, sezvo aya maISA aigona kubhadharisa mubereko kana NVIDIA ikafunga kubvisa hunyanzvi hunyengeri neARM. Tichaona…

Mhedziso 

Pakupedzisira, iko kufamba inhanho yakajeka pamberi peNVIDIA, asi yakakomba kukanda kumashure kune vese vamwe. Uye kunyangwe dai vakachengeta avo varipo maArm vatengi uye vasina kukanganisa mamodheru aripo ekupa marezinesi, NVIDIA pachayo ichawana mukana mumusika, uye izvo zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro kune vatengi nevashandisi futi, sezvo makwikwi achizotambura.

Zvakawanda chokwadi chekuti NVIDIA ichakunda, asi kusava nechokwadi kwakawanda mune zvese zvimwe ... Nguva ichataura.

Zvino iyo mutsara unozivikanwa uyo Linus Torvalds yakataurwa kare kare ichitaura nezveNVIDIA ... pamwe izvozvi zvinonzwisisika. Uye ikozvino ichave nguva yekutarisa kuRISC-V uye nekumushuvira rombo rakanaka kune zvakanaka zvevose ...