Pakutanga kwemwedzi takaburitsa kadhi rechirangaridzo chemakumi matatu emakore a kuburitswa kwewebsite yekutanga, chokwadi icho pasina mubvunzo chakaratidza nhoroondo uye chandinogara ndichireva zvishoma kuLinux, nekuti zvese kuburitswa kwewebsite yekutanga pamwe neyekutanga prototype yeLinux Kernel inofambidzana, sezvo ese akasunungurwa mugore rimwe chete.
Kubva musi waAugust 25, 1991, mushure memwedzi mishanu yekuvandudza, 21-gore-gore mudzidzi Linus Torvalds shambadzo mune comp.os.minix musangano wekufona Ini ndanga ndichishanda pane inoshanda prototype yeiyo nyowani yekushandisa system linux, iko iko kutakurika kwe bash 1.08 uye gcc 1.40 kwainge kwapera. Iyi yekutanga vhezheni vhezheni yeLinux kernel yakaburitswa munaGunyana 17.
Iyo 0.0.1 kernel yaive 62 KB mune yakamanikidzwa fomu uye yaive nemamirioni zviuru gumi yekodhi yekodhi iyo ichienzaniswa neinhasi Linux kernel ine anopfuura mamirioni makumi maviri nemasere emitsetse yekodhi.
Sekureva kweongororo yakatumirwa neEuropean Union muna 2010, mari inofungidzirwa yekuvandudza chirongwa chakafanana neino kernel yazvino kubva pakutanga yaizopfuura madhora bhiriyoni (yakaverengwa apo kernel yaive nemitsetse yemamirioni gumi nematanhatu yekodhi), sekureva kumwe kufungidzira kunopfuura mabhiriyoni matatu.
Zvishoma nezve Linux
Iyo Linux kernel yakafemerwa neiyo MINIX inoshanda sisitimu, iyo Linus aisada nerezinesi rake rakatemerwa. Gare gare, Linux payakava chirongwa chakakurumbira, vakaipa vakaedza kupomera Linus mhosva yekuteedzera iyo kodhi yemamwe madiki MINIX masisitimu.
Kurwiswa kwakadzoserwa nemunyori weMINIX, Andrew Tanenbaum, akatuma mudzidzi kuti aenzanise zvakadzama kodhi yeMinix neyekutanga yeruzhinji shanduro dzeLinux. Mhedzisiro yekudzidza yakaratidza kuvapo kwemana chete asina kukodzera kodhi block mechi inoenderana nePOSIX uye ANSI C zvinodiwa.
Linus pakutanga kufunga kwekudaidza iyo kernel Freax, kubva mahara, chisinganzwisisike uye X (Unix). Asi iyo kernel yakawana zita "Linux" neruoko rwakareruka rwaAri Lemmke, uyo, pakukumbira kwaLinus, akaisa kernel paFTP server yeyunivhesiti, achipa zita dhairekitori nefaira kwete "freax," sekukumbirwa kwaTorvalds, asi "linux."
Zvinonzwisisika, muzvinabhizimusi wemabhizimusi William Della Croce akakwanisa kuita chiratidzo cheLinux uye aida kutora mari yemubhadharo nekufamba kwenguva, asi akazochinja pfungwa ndokuendesa kodzero dzese kuchiratidzo kuLinus. Iyo mascot yepamutemo yeLinux kernel, iyo Tux penguin, yakasarudzwa kuburikidza nemakwikwi akaitwa muna 1996. Zita rekuti Tux rinomirira Torvalds UniX.
Nezve kukura kweKernel mukati memakore makumi matatu apfuura:
- 0.0.1 - Gunyana 1991, zviuru gumi zvemitsetse yekodhi
- 1.0.0 - Kurume 1994, 176 zviuru mitsara
- 1.2.0 - Kurume 1995, 311 zviuru mitsara
- 2.0.0 - June 1996, mazana manomwe nemakumi manomwe neshanu mitsara
- 2.2.0 - Ndira 1999, 1,8 mamirioni mitsara
- 2.4.0 - Ndira 2001, 3,4 mamirioni mitsara
- 2.6.0 - Zvita 2003, 5,9 mamirioni mitsara
- 2.6.28 - Zvita 2008, 10,2 mamirioni mitsara
- 2.6.35 - Nyamavhuvhu 2010, 13,4 mamirioni mitsara
- 3.0 - Nyamavhuvhu 2011, 14,6 mamirioni mitsara
- 3.5 - Chikunguru 2012, 15,5 mamirioni mitsara
- 3.10 - Chikunguru 2013, 15,8 mamirioni mitsara
- 3.16 - Nyamavhuvhu 2014, 17,5 mamirioni mitsara
- 4.1 - June 2015, 19,5 mamirioni mitsara
- 4.7 - Chikunguru 2016, 21,7 mamirioni mitsara
- 4.12 - Chikunguru 2017, 24,1 mamirioni mitsara
- 4.18 - Nyamavhuvhu 2018, 25,3 mamirioni mitsara
- 5.2 - Chikunguru 2019, 26,55 mamirioni mitsara
- 5.8 - Nyamavhuvhu 2020, 28,4 mamirioni mitsara
- 5.13 - June 2021, 29,2 mamirioni mitsara
Panguva yechikamu chebudiriro uye nhau:
- Svondo 1991: Linux 0.0.1, yekutanga kuburitswa neruzhinji inongotsigira i386 CPU uye bhutsu kubva kufloppy disk.
Ndira 1992: Linux 0.12, kodhi yakatanga kugoverwa pasi peGPLv2 rezinesi - Kurume 1992: Linux 0.95, yakapa kugona kumhanyisa iyo X Window System, rutsigiro rwechokwadi ndangariro uye kupatsanura, uye yekutanga SLS neYggdrasil kugoverwa kwakaonekwa.
- Muzhizha ra1993, iyo Slackware uye Debian mapurojekiti akavakwa.
Kurume 1994: Linux 1.0, yekutanga yakagadzika vhezheni.
Kurume 1995: Linux 1.2, kuwedzera kwakakura muhuwandu hwevatyairi, rutsigiro rweAlpha, MIPS uye mapuratifomu ePSARC, kuwedzerwa kweiyo network stack kugona, kutaridzika kwepaketi firita, rutsigiro rweNFS. - Chikumi 1996: Linux 2.0, rutsigiro rwema multiprocessor masisitimu.
- Ndira 1999: Linux 2.2, yakawedzera memory management system kunyatsoshanda, yakawedzera rutsigiro rwe IPv6, kuiswa kweye new firewall, yakaunza nyowani ruzha subsystem
- Febrero de 2001: Linux 2.4, inotsigira 8-processor masisitimu uye 64 GB ye RAM, Ext3 faira system, USB, ACPI rutsigiro.
- Zvita 2003: Linux 2.6, SELinux rutsigiro, otomatiki kernel tuning maturusi, sysfs, yakagadziriswazve memory management system.
- MunaSeptember 2008, yekutanga vhezheni yeiyo Android chikuva inoenderana neLinux kernel yakaumbwa.
- Muna Chikunguru 2011, mushure memakore gumi ekuvandudza kwebazi re 10.x, iyo shanduko kuenda ku2.6x kuverenga yakaitwa.
- Uye 2015, Linux 4.0, iyo nhamba yezvinhu zvegit mune repository yasvika mamirioni.
- MunaEpril we2018, Ini ndinokunda chipingamupinyi chemamirioni matanhatu git-core zvinhu munzvimbo yekuchengetera.
- Muna Ndira 2019iyo Linux 5.0 kernel bazi rakaumbwa.
- Yakatumirwa muna Nyamavhuvhu 2020, tsanga 5.8 yakanga iri hombe maererano nenhamba yekushandurwa kwezviyo zvese panguva yehupenyu hweprojekti.
- Uye 2021, kodhi yekuvandudza vatyairi mumutauro weRust yakawedzerwa kubazi rinotevera reLinux kernel.