Muchinyorwa ichi tichabata pamusoro pechinyorwa chinowanzo bvunzwa zvakanyanya mumaforamu. Chii chekuita kana ini ndisingakwanisi kupinda muBIOS? Kukwanisa kuita izvi kwakakosha, semuenzaniso, kushandura kurongeka kwebhoti yeakaisirwa masisitimu ekushandisa kana kuverenga kwekutanga kwemidziyo yekuchengetedza.
Kuti uchengetedze nguva yekuverenga, ndichatanga nekutaura kuti dambudziko nderekuti tiri kudzvanya kiyi isiriyo. Kunyangwe zvakajairika ndiyo kiyi pamusoro, mamwe mamodheru enotibhuku akasarudza kugovera iro basa kune mamwe makiyi ebasa.
Kana iwe uchiziva kuti BIOS chii uye nei uchiipinda, muchikamu chinotevera ini ndinotsanangura zvimwe zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kuti uiise. Kana iwe usingazive nezve chero, muchikamu chechipiri ndinotsanangura izvo zvekutanga.
Ini handikwanise kupinda muBIOS. Ndoita sei?
Zvino zvatave kuziva kuti chakavanzika kurova kiyi chaiyo, mubvunzo unotevera ndouyu ziva wekudzvanya. Ndiri kuzotaura dzimwe dzedzimwe nzira dzinobvira. Kana dzikasashanda, uchafanirwa kuenda kuGoogle uye kuratidza modhi yebhodhi rako raamai.
Kuti tiwane BIOS tinogona kudzvanya chero anotevera makiyi kana makiyi masanganiswa:
- F1
- F2
- F10
- Delete (Pamakiyibhodhi echiRungu anogona kuoneka seDel o Delete)
- Esc
Guta F rinoratidza makiyi ebasa ari pamutsetse wekutanga wekhibhodi. Chero chipi chinoratidzwa, chinofanira kudzvanywa panguva yebhoti process.
Pane zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kwatiri kuwana makiyi ebasa. Pamwe pacho chikwangwani chinoratidza kuti kiyi yakaratidzwa ndeipi. Kana zvisingaiti:
- hongu paunodzvanya F2 Chishandiso chekuongorora chinooneka, edza kutangazve nekudzvanya F10.
- Kana wafunga kutanga nekiyi yepamusoro yebasa (F10) uye dhisiki runyorwa uye kurongeka kwayo kwebhoti kuoneka, tangazve uye tinya F2
Zvinenge zvisina musoro kutaura, asi Iwe haugone kupinda muBIOS kana iwe usina keyboard. Makomputa ekare haatombo bhutsu dai usina kubatirwa mukati. Kunyangwe iwo matsva achatanga sisitimu yekushandisa nezvauchakwanisa kushandisa kiibhodhi, uye, shanduro itsva dzeBIOS dzinobvumira shanduko yezvigadziriso uchishandisa mbeva, pasina kiibhodhi yemuviri chero shanduko haigoneke.
Kudzorera zvigadziriso zvefekitari
Kana dzimwe nzira dzekuwana BIOS dzisingashande, unofanirwa kushanda paMotherboard kuti udzorere zvigadziriso zvefekitari.
Izvi ndizvo zvakanzi nemagazini yekare yeReader's Digest "Real Life Drama." Mune mamwe mazwi, zvakaitika kwandiri uye zvakanditorera mwedzi mina ndichishanda nemakomputa akakwereta.
Midziyo yangu yakamira kushanda. Ndakachinja magetsi zvikaramba, ndakachinja motherboard zvikaramba. Pakupedzisira ndakachinja processor uye yaizobhowa, asi yaisaratidza vhidhiyo. Nei ndisina kuitora kubva pakutanga kuenda kuhunyanzvi hwekuita basa rekuongorora dambudziko inyaya ichasiiwa kune imwe nguva.
Zvakaitika ndezvekuti, Zvisinei nekuti iyo webhusaiti yaiti yaienderana neiyo processor, iyo BIOS vhezheni yakanga isingaenderane.. Ndaifanira kudhaunirodha yekare vhezheni kuti ishande.
Rimwe dambudziko raunogona kumhanyira mariri, uye rinogadziriswa nenzira imwechete, ndiro kana kuwana kune sarudzo dzekugadzirisa kwakadzivirirwa nepassword uye iwe hauzvizive.
Chaunofanira kuita dzorera kune zvigadziriso zvefekitari uye izvi zvinoitwa nekupindira mune hardware. Izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa nevashandi vane hunyanzvi nekuti zvinhu zvinogona kushata.
desktop makomputa
Pabhodhi reamai tinofanira kuwana DIP switch kana jumper yakanyorwa kuti CLEAR JCMOS1 CLEAR CMOS, CLRPWD, CLR, PASSWD, PASSWORD, PSWD kana PWD. Isu tinongofanira kushandura nzvimbo yekuchinja kana kubvisa jumper kubva pamapini maviri ekubatanidza uye kuiisa pane maviri akasara jumpers.
Dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogoneka ndeidzi:
- Pane imwe yemapendero ebhodhi reamai.
- Munzvimbo iri pedyo yebhatiri.
- Munzvimbo yepedyo yeCPU.
Imwe nzira ndeyekubvisa bhatiri kubva kuCMOS chip kwemaminitsi mashanu.
Laptops
Panyaya yemalaptops, zvakanakisa kubata mugadziri uye kukubvunza kuti chii chinonzi default password kana kukukumbira kuti uigadzirise zvakare. Iyo yekupedzisira inogoneka chete kana iwe uri wekutanga mutengi.
Chimwe chinhu chaunogona kuedza ndechekuti mhanyisa script inogona kugadzira password kubva kune mamwe mazano. Nokuda kweizvi tinofanira kutanga tawana BIOS uye tonyora password isiriyo katatu. Zvinyorwa zvinofanirwa kushanda pane imwe komputa
Tiri kuitei izvi?
Pakupa password kuBIOS, sisitimu inochengeta cheki muCMOS chip, iyo checksum ndiyo inoratidzwa mumeseji inoonekwa mushure mekuedza katatu kutadza kupinda. Vamwe vagadziri vanofarira kuratidza nhamba. Muchiitiko chekutanga zvinokwanisika kuwana iyo yekutanga password, mune yechipiri master password inogadzirwa nenhamba dzakagadzirwa zvisina tsarukano.
Zvimwe zvakasiyana zvinosanganisira kuchengeta password mumagwaro akajeka, asi kuinyora usati wairatidza. ivo vachigadzira master password kubva kune serial nhamba.
Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti hazvisi muzviitiko zvose zviri nyore. Mamwe makomputa anoda kuti uise mapassword matatu usati waona cheki, kana kungoiratidza chete kana makiyi akatsikirirwa nenzira kwayo.
Zvinyorwa zvinogona kutorwa kubva peji ino. Kuti uvamhanye paLinux unofanirwa kuadhawunirodha, vhura iyo terminal uye enda kune yekurodha dhairekitori. Wobva watanga nemurairo python name_of_script.py
Kana izvi zvikasashanda, iwe unogona kuedza nzira imwechete sepamakomputa edesktop. Nzvimbo yekutanga kutarisa iri pasi pekhibhodi.
BIOS Basics
Iyo BIOS imhando yakakosha yesoftware yakachengetwa pane chip yakanamatira bhatiri. Kana bhatiri ikafa, apo kombiyuta yakadzimwa, ruzivo rwekugadzirisa rucharasika.
Muchikamu chino tichapindura mibvunzo miviri:
Chii chinonzi BIOS?
Chinhu chakakosha chekombuta chero bhodhi. Basa rayo nderekubatanidza zvikamu zvese zvekombuta. Pabhodhi reamai tinowana chip inozivikanwa seCMOS (Acronym for complementary metal oxide semiconductors)
CMOS inoita senge yakashata yekuchengetedza ndangariro ye firmware inozivikanwa seBIOS. Isu tinoti inhumbu inoshanduka nekuti kana magetsi adzimwa, zvirimo zvinorasika. Ndokusaka CMOS iine yakazvimirira magetsi ekupa kubva kune mains (yayo bhatiri). Kunyangwe iyo komputa isina kubatana uye kunyangwe iyo mamaboard isati yambobatana nekombuta, CMOS yakagadzirira kushandisa nemagadzirirwo efekitori.. Kana, neshanduko dzatinoita gare gare mukugadziriswa.
Muchiitiko chekuti bhatiri re3-volt rinoshanda sesimba remagetsi reCMOS chip rafa, marongero (ingave fekitori kana mushandisi-akagadziridzwa) anorasika. uye tinofanira kuigadzirisa pese patinobvisa komputa toibatidza zvakare.
Ndakambotaura kuti BIOS ndeye firmware. Iyi ipurogiramu yekombuta inosanganiswa muchikamu chehardware uye ine basa rekubvumidza kushanda kwayo. BIOS inotarisira kuve nechokwadi chekuti komputa iri mumamiriro ekushanda akakwana.. Kana izvi zvangoitwa, zvinopfuudza meseji kune iyo bootloader yeiyo inoshanda sisitimu.
Kana komputa yadzimwa kubva kune mains, iyo CMOS chip inodhonza simba kubva mubhatiri iro rinofanira kutsiviwa kana rapera.
Zita rekuti BIOS rinobva muchidimbu muChirungu cheBasic Input uye Output System uye rinobata nekugadziriswa kwezvikamu zvekombuta.
BIOS ine zvinhu zvina zvakakosha:
- POST: Iyo inotarisira kuona kuti zvikamu zvakasiyana zvehardware zvinoshanda nemazvo, kana zvikasadaro, inoshuma mhando yekukanganisa kuburikidza nebeep.
- Bootstrap Loader: Inotarisa bootable operating system uye maoko pamusoro pekutonga kwairi.
- BIOS Driver: Seti yesoftware inotungamira manejimendi padanho rekutanga izvo zvakasiyana zvikamu zvehardware.
- Setup Wizard: Inokubvumira kuti ugadzirise zvakasiyana-siyana zve hardware zvakadai sebhoot order yekuchengetedza midhiya kana zuva rehurongwa uye nguva.
Ndava kuzokuudza chakavanzika. Nguva pfupi yadarika ndakatora kosi yekugadzira kombiyuta. Muchiitiko changu kwaiva kudzidza kugadzirisa midziyo yangu, asi kosi chikamu chepurogiramu yekudzidzisa basa inotsigirwa (uye yakabhadharwa) neArgentine Ministry of Labor.
Kuti ndinyore chinyorwa ichi ndaida kutarisa kune zvinyorwa zvekosi uye, sechimwe chiyero, ndakaenzanisa zvachakataura neBIOS yekombuta yangu. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti purofesa uyu anga aine makore makumi maviri kubva panguva.
Zano rangu nderekuti kana ukafunga kukanganisa neiyo BIOS setup kana imwe hardware, tsvaga ruzivo rwakavandudzwa uye enzanisa zvese zvaunoona kana kuverenga nezvaunoona pakombuta yako. Zvakare, usati waita shanduko, tora zvinyorwa uye zvinyore nemafoto nemavhidhiyo.