Yegumi yegumi yekufa kwaSteve Jobs, yakashanda sechikonzero chevanyaradzi uye vanyori venhau vanoda kuhwina mvumo yeApple kuomerera pakumuratidzira semunhu wekupedzisira musheni yemakomputa apo, kupfuura akati wandei mipiro yakakodzera yatinotaura mairi chinyorwa kukumberi, anga asiri nani, (kana kunyanyisa) kupfuura vazhinji veaanoshanda navo.
Kunyange zvakadaro, chiitiko chekuyeuka ndiyo pembedzo yakanaka yekurangarira vavaki vechokwadi.
Mabasa haana kuvasika. Vaiva here
Graphical interface uye mbeva
Vazhinji vanotenda kuti komputa yekutanga kuuya ne graphical interface yaive Macintosh. Ichokwadi ndechekuti, kunyange hazvo yaive yekutanga chigadzirwa chihombe kuva nacho, zano rakauya kubva kare kare. Icho hachisi chipingamupinyi kuitira kuti mu firimu Bill Gates akapomerwa mhosva yekuba zano kubva kuMabasa.
Sezviri pachena nyaya iri seinotevera:
Steve Jobs paakapa Microsoft kuve wekutanga-bato rekunyorera software yekuvandudza iyo Macintosh, akarayira kuti kambani kwete kuburitsa chero chechitatu-bato software inoshandisa mbeva kusvika rinosvika gore rimwe mushure mekutanga vhezheni yeMacintosh
Pakazosvika pakati pa1983, Microsoft yakanga yagadzira zvinoshandisika zvebhizimusi graphing uye maspredishiti zvirongwa, Multiplan uye Chart, uye programmers kubva kumakambani maviri aya vakataura kakawanda pasvondo kupindura mibvunzo uye kugadzirisa matambudziko. Asi, kubva kuApple vakaona kuti avo veMicrosoft vaibvunza zvinhu izvo zvavasingade kuziva ndokutanga kufungira hupfumi hwemaindasitiri. Vakaenda kuMabasa nekusahadzika kwavo, asi akavadzinga achiti Microsoft haina kukwanisa kutevedzera zvigadzirwa zveApple.
MunaNovember 1983, Microsoft yakazivisa nyowani mbeva-yakavakirwa graphical mushandisi interface nharaunda inonzi Windows uye mbeva vhezheni yeMicrosoft Word.. Mabasa akashatirwa ndokudaidza Gates.
Mhinduro yaGates yakapinda munhoroondo
Zvakanaka Steve, ndinofunga pane nzira inopfuura imwechete yekutarisa. "Ini ndinofunga zvakatofanana nekuti tese tanga tine muvakidzani akapfuma anonzi Xerox uye ini ndakapinda mumba make kuti ndibire TV ndikazoona kuti watoba kare."
Microsoft uye Apple Muvakidzani Akapfuma
Xerox yaive kopi yekugadzira kambani iyo mukutarisira kuti zvinyorwa zvemagetsi zvinotsiva bepa, akafunga kugadzira rabhoritari yekutsvagisa izvo zvaizomutendera kuti atungamire mumatekinoroji matsva. Xerox PARC.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvekutanga zvavakagadzira yaive laser printer, mhando iyi yeprinta yaida graphical interface kunyatsogadzirira zvinyorwa. Sezvo pakanga pasina komputa yaive nayo, vakazvigadzira muna 1973.
El Alto, ndiro raive zita rake, yakanga iine sikirini saizi yakafanana uye yakatenderedzwa seye rakadhindwa peji, uye yakaratidza yakazara bitmap-yakavakirwa mifananidzo ine resolution ye606 na808. Pixel imwe neimwe inogona kuvhurwa uye kuvharwa zvakazvimiririra. Paive zvakare nekhibhodi uye mbeva ine mabhatani matatu. Iyo mbeva mbeva yaive neinozivikanwa inozivikanwa diagonal-musoro museve chimiro chatinoziva nhasi, kuwedzera pakushandura kuita mamwe maumbirwo zvichienderana nebasa riripo.
Iyo maneja wefaira yakaratidza dhairekitori zvinyorwa muzvikamu zviviri. Chii chimwe Grafiki yezwi processor, inonzi Bravo, yakagadzirwa iyo yaigona kuratidza mafonti akasiyana uye saizi yemavara pachiratidziro panguva imwe chete, asi iine musiyano wemusiyano wakasiyana, nemamenyu pazasi kwete pamusoro. Paive zvakare ne bitmap grafiti gadziriso yaishanda zvakanyanya sezvinoita Paint nhasi, asi zvakare yaive neayo akasiyana mushandisi interface.
Vakakurumidza kuona kuti vaida chimwe chinhu chakaomarara uye vakagadzira SmallTalk.
Mahwindo ega muSmalltalk akagadzirwa nemuganho wakajeka, uye akamira akatarisana nemhando yegrey kumashure. pazasi pavo. Imwe neimwe yaive nemusoro wenyaya pamutsetse wepamusoro wehwindo rega rega raigona kushandiswa kuzivisa hwindo uye kurifambisa kutenderedza skrini. Mahwindo aigona kuwirirana pachiratidziri, uye hwindo rakasarudzwa raizoenda kumusoro kwe "stack." Panguva imwe chete ma "icons" akaonekwa, zvidiki zvidiki zvemumiririri zvezvirongwa kana zvinyorwa zvaunogona kudzvanya kuti umhanye kana kushandisa, uye sekunge izvo hazvina kukwana, ndipo panobuda menyu-pop-up, scroll scroll, redhiyo mabhatani, uye dialog mabhokisi anobva.