Boka re vaongorori kubva kuWorcester Polytechnic Institute (USA) uye iyo University yeLübeck (Jerimani) yakaburitsa ruzivo rwekurwisa kutsva "SPOILER" kune iyo mashandiro ekufungidzira mashandiro muma processor.
Kurwisa yakanangana neIntel processors uye haina kuzviratidza pa AMD neARM CPUs. Iyo yakarongwa nzira yekurwisa inobvumidza kuona kuratidzwa kwemakero chaiwo mundangariro yemuviri, iyo inobvumidza kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushanda kwekuita kurwisa kwepasirese kunozivikanwa iyo inoshandura marongero emapeji mune epanyama ndangariro.
Chii chinonzi SPOILER?
Como iyo yekunyora buffer inogona kukanganisa iyo data rakatakurwa mune yekuverenga buffer (semuenzaniso, kana basa rekunyora risina kukwana rikakanganisa kufungidzira kuverenga data), usati waita iyo yekuverenga mashandiro, kutsamira pane yapfuura kunyora mashandiro kunoongororwa.
Panyaya yemharadzano, iyo yekufungidzira kuverenga mashandiro yakaraswa uye zvirimo mukati meye buffer cell zvinowedzeredzwa pamwe neakakodzera data.
Dambudziko nderekuti zvinokwanisika kuongorora zvizere kutsamira kwebasa rekunyora chete mushure mekugamuchira ruzivo nezve yakakwana kero yepanyama, saka kungosarudzika kwakasarudzika kunoenderana neruzivo rusina kukwana kero kunoitwa panguva yekuverenga-kumberi.
Kugadzirisa kwakadaro kunokonzera kunonoka muchiitiko chekupokana kero yekuwana kero, kutaridzika kwayo kunogona kuteedzerwa.
Uchishandisa iyo rdtscp uye mfence mirairo, iwe unogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti bhafa yekunyora izere nemakero ane imwecheteyo kukanganisika, asi pamapeji akasiyana echokwadi ekurangarira.
Zvakare, kana uchiongorora kunonoka kuwana nzvimbo dzekurangarira pamwe nezvikanganiso zvakafanana asi pamapeji ekurangarira akasiyana, Anorwisa anogona kuona kutendeseka kwekutadza kukanganisa mune yakarairwa yekuwana memory buffer uye kuona marongero epanyama epamapeji ekurangarira
SPOILER inobatsirawo kumwe kurwiswa
Sekureva kwevaongorori. SPOILER maitiro anotendera iyo Prime + Probe kurwisa kuti ikurumidze kurwisa kuti uone zvemukati zvemukati nekuongorora mamiriro e processor cache 4096 times.
Maitiro acho anoshandawo kuona mapeji ekurangarira akagoverwa imwe mushure meimwe, ayo inobvumira kuwedzera kubudirira kubva kuRowHammer kurwisa, yakashandiswa kusarudza zvirimo ndangariro zveimwe nzira, kuenda ku100%.
Izvi zvinosanganisira kugona kuita zvakadaro kurwiswa kubva kumamishini chaiwo, Semuyenzaniso, uchishandisa JavaScript kodhi inomhanya mubrowser, kunyangwe matanho akambotorwa mumabhurawuza kudzikamisa iko kurongeka kwetimer.
Matanho ekudzivirira akagadzirirwa Specter haavharidzi SPOILER kurwisa. Specter kirasi kurwisa vanoshandisa iko kwekufungidzira kuitiswa kwemumwe mirairo, mhedzisiro yacho inoraswa neprosesa mushure mekuona fungidziro yakundikana, asi nzira dzekuuraya dzinoiswa mune yakajairika cache.
Unyanzvi SPOILER inosanganisira mashandiro ekutanga kurodha zvirimo mundangariro mumarejista e processor.
Kuti udyidzane neyekuyeuchidza muprosesa, iyo buffer ndeye Memory Order Buffer (MOB), iyo inoshandisa maviri ma cyclic buffers, imwe yekunyora data kubva kumarejista kuenda mundangariro uye imwe yekuverenga kubva mundangariro kuenda mundangariro.
Iyo bhafa yekunyora inogara ichipatsanurwa muhurongwa hwemirayiridzo, uye iyo buffer yekuverenga inobvumidza kuisirwa kurodha dhata mune cache, pasina kumirira kuyanana pamwe neyekunyora buffer uye kungo tarisa zvishoma kutsamira.
Dambudziko rave pachena kubvira chizvarwa chekutanga cheIntel Core processor.
AMD uye maARM mapurosesa anoshandisa akasiyana manongedzo kugadzirisa memory zvakarongeka kuwana buffer, saka ivo havana kukanganiswa nedambudziko.
Intel yakaziviswa nezve kunetseka kwemwedzi mitatu yapfuura, asi hapana zvigadziridzo zvisati zvataurwa.
mabviro: ariviv.org
Iwe unofanirwa kucherechedza kuvandudzwa kwenhau mazuva ano ... pane imwe nguva ndakazvitaura mumusangano, chishuwo chisina kudzorwa cheindasitiri kugadzira zvigadzirwa (zvinosanganisira zvinongedzo nemidziyo yemumba, semuenzaniso, ma5K TV ari kutogadzirwa apo mazhinji eindasitiri yekugadzira indasitiri hainyanyi kusvika HD uye 4K ishoma kwazvo) kuzadzisa zvisipo zvisizvo kungozadza homwe dzavo, irikugadzira zvikanganiso zvakawanda zvekugadzira. Ivo vari kushambadzira zvigadzirwa zvakawanda senge kupenga. Nyaya yaSpecter neMeltdown inongova muromo wegomo, panofanira kunge paine mamwe matambudziko mukuvakwa kwatisingatombozive, uye kutonhodza nezvigunwe izvo vamwe kunze uko vasina kuzviwana izvozvi. Uye izvi ndizvo zvisina basa, isu tichafanirwa kuona chokwadi nemaune, Intel inofanirawo kunge yavo yakafukidzwa zvakanaka kuti vapinde muhupenyu hwedu.
Ameni kumashoko ari pamusoro apa.
Kwandiri zviri pamusoro pechinangwa, iro danho rekugadzira pamwe nehungwaru hwehungwaru hunodiwa kukudziridza maumbirwo ema microprocessors, zvinondiratidza kuti havagone kuve mainjiniya ... pane kudaro ... kune vanangu , asi dhizaini dhizaini.
Izvo hazvigone kutsanangurwa nekuti Intel chete ndiyo inokanganiswa muhuwandu hwayo uye mamwe makambani haasi ... kunze kweizvozvo, kuti aya mamwe makambani akanyanya kungwara uye ane nzira dzisiri pachena dzekusora.
Munhu akafanana neizvi, izvi zvinotiratidza kuti ruzhinji rwevanhu rwuri sei chaizvo.