Munguva yekupedzisira musangano weLinux Plumbers 2021, Google yakazivisa pane budiriro yechirongwa chekufambisa iyo Android chikuva kuti ishandise yakajairika Linux kernel panzvimbo pekushandisa yayo yega kernel, iyo inosanganisira chaiyo shanduko yeiyo Android chikuva.
Google inotaura kuti shanduko yeshanduko iri nekuda kwesarudzo yekuchinjira ku "Upstream Kutanga" modhi mushure megore 2023, izvo zvinosanganisira kuvandudza zvese zvitsva zvekernel maficha anodikanwa papuratifomu yeAustralia yakanangana neiyo huru kernel kernel uye kwete mumatavi ayo akapatsanurwa (mashandiro acho achakwidziridzwa kune main kernel kutanga uye ozoshandiswa mu Android, uye kwete imwe nzira yakatenderedza).
Kune 2023 na2024, zvakarongedzwa zvakare kuchinjisa kune huru kernel zvese zvinowedzerwa zvigamba zvinosara mubazi reCommon Common Kernel.
Kana iri ramangwana riri padyo, yeiyo Android 12 chikuva chakarongerwa kutanga kwaGumiguru, inovaka iyo "Generic Kernel Image" (GKI) kernel icha kupihwa, padyo padyo napo neyakajairika 5.10 kernel.
Kune izvi zvinovaka kuburitswa kwese kwese kwekuvandudzwa kuchapihwa, iyo ichaiswa mune repository ci.android.com. Mune iyo GKI kernel, Android-yakatarwa zvinowedzerwa, pamwe neOEM Hardware zvine chekuita nedhiraivha, zvinofambiswa kupatsanura kernel module.
Aya ma module haana kusungirwa kune hombe vhezheni yekernel uye anogona kuvandudzwa zvakasiyana, izvo zvinorerutsa zvakanyanya kugadziridza uye kuchinjisa chishandiso kumatavi matsva ekernel.
Iwo maumbirwo anodikanwa nevagadziri vezvigadzirwa anoitwa nenzira yezvikwambo zvinokutendera kuti uchinje hunhu hwekernel pasina kuita shanduko kukodhi.
Pakazara, iyo admin12-5.10 kernel inopa makumi mashanu makumi mana emakoko akaenzana, akafanana nematanho ekuteedzera, uye makumi mashanu neshanu mahoko akakubvumidza iwe kumhanyisa vatongi mune isiri-maatomu mamiriro. Mune iyo GKI kernel, vagadziri vehardware vanorambidzwa kushandisa zvimedu zvakasarudzika kune kernel huru, uye vatengesi vanofanirwa kupa izvo zvinongedzo zvekutsigira Hardware chete muchimiro chekuwedzera kernel module, umo kuenderana nekona kernel kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi. .
Tinofanira kurangarira izvozvo chikuva Android inovandudza iro rayo bazi rekern: iyo "Android Common Kernel".
Izvo, kubva kubazi rega rega reApple, vagadziri vanopihwa akawanda kernel dhizaini yezviridzwa zvavo. Semuenzaniso, Android 11 yakapa sarudzo yematatu macores kamwechete: 4.14, 4.19 uye 5.4, uye yeiyo Android 12, iwo mabhesi cores 4.19, 5.4 uye 5.10 achapihwa. Iyo 5.10 musiyano yakagadzirirwa seyakajairika kernel mufananidzo, umo kugona kunodiwa nemaOEMs kunoendeswa kumusoro, kuendeswa kuma module, kana kuendeswa pamusoro kune yakajairwa Android kernel.
GKI isati yasvika, Iyo Android kernel yakapfuura nematanho akati wandei ekugadzirira:
- Yekutanga yaive yakavakirwa pamakona makuru eLTS (3.18, 4.4, 4.9, 4.14, 4.19, 5.4) uye iyo forogo ye "Android Common Kernel" yakagadzirwa, kune mamwe mabara eApple akaendeswa (kare, iyo saizi yeshanduko yakasvika mitsara yakati wandei mamirioni).
- Mushure meizvozvo pa "Android Common Kernel", vanogadzira chip vakaita seQualcomm, Samsung uye MediaTek vanogadzira iyo SoC Kernel, inosanganisira plugins yekutsigira Hardware.
- Pakupedzisira mu "SoC Kernel", vagadziri vezvigadzirwa vanogadzira iyo "Kernel yedhijitari", inosanganisira shanduko dzine chekuita nekuenderana nemimwe michina, maonesheni, makamera, masystem, uye zvichingodaro.
Maitiro aya akaomesa kuendesa kwekuvandudzwa nekubviswa kwekusasimba uye shanduko kumatavi matsva ekernel. Ipo Google ichigara ichiburitsa inogadziridza yeiyo yakajairwa Android kernel, vatengesi vanowanzo tora nguva kupushira izvi kunze kana kushandisa kernel imwechete yehupenyu hwese hwechigadzirwa.
Finalmente kana iwe uchifarira kuziva zvakawanda nezvazvo, unogona kutarisa ruzivo Mune inotevera chinongedzo.