Kana iwe uchirangarira, isu takatotaura kare , que Specter yaizounza muswe wakawanda, uye kuti hachizove chinhu chingagadziriswe zvirinyore mumaCUU akanganisika, uye kunyangwe icho chaisazove nemhinduro yenguva pfupi kudzamara mitsva yesilicon dhizaini yasvika iyo isingaite zvikanganiso zvakafanana. Zvakanaka, ikozvino musiyano mutsva wekushupika wakawanikwa uko mhinduro dzakapihwa kusvika zvino dzisingashande.
Iyi misiyano nyowani inokanganisa ese emazuva ano ma microcache processor, zvese Intel uye AMD. Dambudziko harisisiri iro futi, asi kana rakabatirwa kugadzirisa nyaya dzekuchengetedza, ivo vanokonzeresa zvakakomba zvirango zvekuita. Kana Specter yatove nemhedzisiro yakakosha, zvigamba zveizvi zvinodzora mashandiro zvakanyanya zvakanyanya. Uye kana ukasazvibata, uchafumurwa kwavari ...
Chikwata chevaongorori, inotungamirirwa naAshish Venkat, kubva kuYunivhesiti yeVirginia, awana hunyowani hutsva uhwu hunogona kushandiswa apo CPU iri kuwana dhata kubva kuicro-oparesheni cache. Ndokunge, zvaizokanganisa vese ma processor e AMD kubvira 2017 uye Intel kubvira 2011 inoshandisa iyi mhando yeakasarudzika cache.
Makambani maviri aya akaudzwa nezvekukuvadzwa kutsva pamberi pekuzivisa pachena, kuitira kuti vawane nguva yekuita. Asi hapana kana maviri emakambani aya asati atanga chero gadziridza yako microcode izvo zvinogona kugadzirisa dambudziko iri rekuchengetedza. Nekudaro, iwe haufanire kutya zvakanyanya, nekuti njodzi yacho haina kunyanya kukwirira, nekuti mamiriro ekuti kurwisa kuitwe kwakati kure. Uye zvakare, pane kurasikirwa kwambotaurwa kwekuita, uko kunogona kuburitsa mamwe matambudziko pane kugadzirisa chigamba ...
Zvinoenderana negwaro rakaburitswa nevaongorori ava, pane nzira nhatu dzinogona kuitika kugadzirisa dambudziko:
- Bvisa cache ye micro-ops kunzvimbo dzekuyambuka. Asi, kune izvo, iwo maCPU matsva anodawo kuburitsa iyo TLB futi. Iyo ine mhedzisiro yakaoma yekuita mhedzisiro, sezvo kugadzirisa kusingakwanise kuenderera kudzamara iTLB (TLB yemirairo) isina vanhu.
- Zvinogona kuva kupatsanura micro-op cache inoenderana neropafadzo. Ichi chikamu chinoguma nekuwedzera kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetedza, uye kushomeka kwekushandisa kweichi cache, saka zvinogona zvakare kukanganisa maitiro.
- Ita basa rekubata-based based yekutarisa iyo inoona anomalies. Asi inzira yekutadza-kukanganisa uye inoshatisa mashandiro kana akaongororwa kakawanda.
Parizvino, mirira kuti uone kuti makambani anopa mhinduro ipi uye panogadziridzwa firmware?