Mushure memakore ebudiriro, timu yeChrome inoburitsa WebGPU
Mazuva mashoma apfuura Google yakavhurwa kubudikidza neimwe yakaziviswa iyo yakasarudzika tsigiro yeWebGPU mifananidzo API uye WebGPU Shading Mutauro (WGSL) mu Chrome 113 bazi, iyo yakarongerwa kuburitswa muna Chivabvu 2.
Kune avo vasingazive nezveWebGPU, iwe unofanirwa kuziva izvozvo inopa API yakafanana neVulkan, Metal uye Direct3D 12 kuita GPU-padivi mashandiro akadai sekupa uye computation, uye zvakare inobvumira kushandisa shader mutauro kunyora GPU-parutivi zvirongwa.
Nezve WebGPU
Conceptually, WebGPU inosiyana neWebGL nenzira imwechete iyo Vulkan graphics API inosiyana neOpenGL, asi WebGPU haina kubva pane yakatarwa API yemifananidzo, asi ibasa rechinangwa chese rinoshandisa iwo akaderera-level primitives inowanikwa muVulkan. Metal uye Direct3D. WebGPU inopa JavaScript application ine yakaderera-level kutonga pamusoro pesangano, kugadzirisa uye kutumira mirairo kuGPU, kubata zviwanikwa zvakabatana, ndangariro, buffers, mameseji zvinhu, uye akaunganidzwa emifananidzo shaders. Iyi nzira inobvumidza iwe kuti uwane yakakwirira performance graphics application nekudzikisira pamusoro uye nekuwedzera GPU kunyatsoshanda.
WebGPU inokutendera kuti iwe ugadzire akaomesesa 3D mapurojekiti ewebhu iyo inoshanda pamwe chete nemapurogiramu akazvimirira anoshandisa zvakananga Vulkan, Metal, kana Direct3D, asi asina kusungirirwa kumapuratifomu chaiwo. Iyo WebGPU inopawo zvimwe zvingasarudzwa zvekutakura mapurogiramu emifananidzo kune fomu inogonesa webhu nekunyora muWebAssembly. Pamusoro peiyo 3D giraidhi, WebGPU inovhara zvakare mikana ine chekuita nekuburitsa macomputer kudivi reGPU uye kumhanya shaders.
Pazvinhu zvakakosha zveWebGPU, tinogona kuratidza zvinotevera:
- Kuparadzanisa kutonga kwezviwanikwa, basa rekugadzirira uye kutumira kwemirairo kuGPU (muWebGL, chinhu chimwe chaive nemhosva kune zvese kamwechete). Matatu akapatsanurwa mamiriro akapihwa: GPUDevice yekugadzira zviwanikwa zvakaita semavara uye buffers; GPUCommandEncoder kuti encode mirairo yega, kusanganisira kugadzirisa uye kuverenga matanho; GPUCommandBuffer kuti ipfuure kumutsara weGPU.
Mhedzisiro yacho inogona kupihwa munzvimbo yakabatana nechinhu chimwe kana kupfuura zvecanvas, kana kupihwa pasina kuburitsa (semuenzaniso, paunenge uchimhanyisa mabasa emakomputa). Staging inoita kuti zvive nyore kuparadzanisa kugadzirwa kwezviwanikwa uye kupa mashandiro mune akasiyana controller anogona kumhanya pane akasiyana tambo. - Nzira yakasiyana yekubata nyika. WebGPU inopa zvinhu zviviri, GPURenderPipeline neGPUComputePipeline, zvinokutendera kuti ubatanidze nyika dzakasiyana dzakafanotsanangurwa nemugadziri, zvichiita kuti bhurawuza isatambise zviwanikwa pakuwedzera basa, sekudzosera shaders. Matunhu anotsigirwa anosanganisira: shaders, vertex buffer uye hunhu marongero, akagadzika marongero eboka, kusanganisa, kudzika uye mapatani, post-render inobuda mafomati.
- Modhi inosunga, yakafanana neyeVulkan's resource pooling maturusi. Kuunganidza zviwanikwa mumapoka, WebGPU inopa GPUBindGroup chinhu chinogona kusungirirwa kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana kuti zvishandiswe mumumvuri panguva yekurekodha yekuraira.
Kugadzira mapoka akadaro kunobvumira mutongi kuti aite gadziriro dzinodiwa nguva isati yasvika uye inobvumira bhurawuza kushandura zvisungo zvinosungirwa pakati pekudhirowa mafoni nekukurumidza. Kurongeka kwezvisungo zvinosungirwa zvinogona kufanotsanangurwa uchishandisa GPUBindGroupLayout chinhu.
Mukuwedzera kune Chrome, kuyedza WebGPU rutsigiro yakaedzwa kubva Kubvumbi 2020 muFirefox uye kubva munaNovember 2021 paSafari. Kugonesa WebGPU muFirefox, unofanira kuseta iyo dom.webgpu.enabled uye gfx.webgpu.force-enabled mireza mukati about:config.
Hapachina hurongwa hwekugonesa WebGPU nekukasira muFirefox neSafari. Mashandisirwo eWebGPU akagadzirirwa Firefox neChrome anowanikwa semaraibhurari akasiyana: Dawn (C++) uye wgpu (Rust) yaunogona kushandisa kubatanidza rutsigiro rweWebGPU mumashandisirwo ako.
Zvakare checherechedzo ndechekuti basa ririkuenderera mberi rekuwedzera WebGPU rutsigiro kumaraibhurari akakurumbira eJavaScript ekuzvarwa achishandisa WebGL. Semuenzaniso, rutsigiro rwakazara rweWebGPU rwakatoziviswa muBabylon.js uye chikamu muThree.js , PlayCanvas , uye TensorFlow.js.
Kuitwa kwe WebGPU ichangotanga kugoneswa pakuvaka kweChromeOS, macOS, uye Windows, nepo yeLinux uye Android, WebGPU rutsigiro ichaitwa pane imwe nguva inotevera.
Chekupedzisira, kana iwe uchifarira kuziva zvakawanda nezvazvo, unogona kutarisa ruzivo Mune inotevera chinongedzo.