Matambudziko e Hardware mushure mekupedzisira kernel kugadzirisa?

Dzimwe nguva pavanenge vakaiswa tsanga itsva Mumidziyo yedu neyakagadziridzwa yekuparadzirwa kwedu, chimwe chishandiso chehardware chinogona kumira kushanda kana kushanda zvisirizvo. Nei zvichiitika? Zvakanaka, zviri nyore, nekuti madhiraivho ehurdware akachinjwa neiyo kernel kugadzirisa. Iyo generic kernels iyo inogoverwa kazhinji inoiswa inogadzirirwa kuti ishande nemazhinji makomputa, asi haina kukwidziridzwa.

Dzimwe nguva, kana iwe uine mutyairi chaiye yeimwe mudziyo, inogona kuchinja neiyo nyowani kernel uye iwe unogona kuona kuti yako webcam, kiredhiti kadhi, kadhi rako rezwi kana chero chimwe chishandiso chakangoerekana chamira kushanda kana chaimboshanda nemazvo, zvakanaka, chokwadi ndechekuti kuti module inowirirana nemutyairi wechigadzirwa ichocho yaraswa nekuti yaionekwa seisina basa kana nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, pamwe chingori chinhu chisingawanzo uye kernel generic haina kugadzirirwa kuti iritakure.

Usatombo kunetseka, kana uine vhezheni yechinyakare yetsanga mudziyo wako wakashanda, une nyore kugadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, fungidzira kuti kiredhiti kadhi rako, kadhi rako rezwi, webcam kana chero chimwe chishandiso chakangoerekana chamira kushanda uye chaimboshanda. Kana izvi zvikaitika mushure mekuvandudzwa kwekernel, unogona kuona kuti module haisisipo mushanduro itsva. Unogona kuitarisa ne (semuenzaniso, uchifungidzira kuti izvo zvisiri kushanda iro kadhi renetiweki iro mutyairi ari ath5k):

sudo modprobe ath5k && dmseg | grep ath

Kana zvikaonekwa kwatiri izvozvo module haipo, zvinoreva kuti haipo mune yedu kernel. Wobva watarisa kuti kernel inoona sei chako, nekuti inogona kusashanda uye ndicho chikonzero. Semuyenzaniso:

lsmod

Y tsvaga rondedzero Iyo chaiyo chishandiso chauri kutsvaga, semuenzaniso kana iri network kadhi, inotsvaga chimwe chinhu senge Ethernet, WiFi, Wireless kana mune yedu Atheros ... Kana iyo yakanyorwa yakave yaonekwa, saka tichaita zvinotevera, ndiko kudzima kana kubvisa yazvino vhezheni yekernel nemusoro wayo.

dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-image

Naiyo iyo tsanga dzatakaisa dzakanyorwa. Ngatimbofungidzirai kuti yedu ine dambudziko vhezheni ndeye 4.10.0-28 inoonekwa mune irwo runyorwa, asi kuti neshanduro yapfuura 4.10.0-2-generic mutyairi akashanda nemazvo, ngatiibvise:

sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-image-4.10.0-28-generic linux-image-extra-4.10.0-28-generic

Ipapo isu tinoita zvakafanana ku kernel misoro, isu tinotsvaga uye kubva pane iyo runyorwa isu tinobvisa izvo zvinoenderana neinotsamwisa kernel, yeiyo:

dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-headers

sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-headers-4.10.0-28 linux-headers-4.10.0-28-generic

sudo update-grub2

Finalmente raira GRUB kubhootisa iyo system uchishandisa iyo vhezheni kernel preview iyo isina kukupa matambudziko:

sudo nano /etc/default/grup

Mukati mefaira iro chinja mutsetse GRUB_DEFAULT = 0 kuita GRUB_DEFAULT = yakachengetedzwa. Wobva waenda kumagumo efaira wobva wawedzera imwe nyowani nyowani iyo ine GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT = ichokwadi. Sevha shanduko uye buda. Iye zvino isu tinogadzirisazve kuti shanduko dziite:

sudo update-grub2

Dzorera uye enda… Zvino zvese zvinofanirwa kushanda. Zviripachena izvi zvinongoshanda chete kune ma distros ane kernels dzinoverengeka dzinowanikwa, kana iwe uine imwe chete iwe yausingakwanise kuita izvi, zvine musoro ... Ndosaka nguva dzose zvakanaka kusarasa tsanga dzekare mushure mekuvandudzwa, dzinogona kushanda se backup chero nguva yakapihwa.

Izvo zvinokuchengetedza kubva pakurodha pasi, kugadzirisa, uye kunyora kernel nyowani neruoko kuisa pane yako distro. Usakanganwa kusiya zvirevo zvako uine kusahadzika kana chaiwo kesi mawakave nematambudziko mushure mekuvandudza kune kernel nyowani ...