Zogawa 10 zabwino kwambiri za GNU / Linux za 2021

Chaka chikasiyidwa, ndizotheka kusanthula zomwe zakhala Kugawa kwabwino kwambiri kwa GNU / Linux kwa 2021. Ngakhale, monga momwe ndimayankhira nthawi zambiri, ndi nkhani ya kukoma komanso kuti wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense amakhala womasuka, awa ndi omwe ali odziwika kwambiri kuti athandize kusankha osasankhidwa, kapena ogwiritsa ntchito omwe angofika kumene ku dziko la Linux distros omwe sadziwa bwino. chifukwa chiyani kuyamba.

Kodi distro yabwino kwambiri ndi iti? (Zolinga)

Palibe yabwino kwa aliyense. Kugawa kwabwino kwa Linux ndi komwe mumamva bwino kwambiri, kukhala Gentoo, Arch, kapena Slackware. Ziribe kanthu kuti ndizovuta bwanji kapena ndizosowa bwanji, ngati mukufuna, pitirirani. Komabe, ogwiritsa ntchito ena osasankhidwa kapena obwera kumene kudziko la Linux, amafunikira chiwongolero, mawu oti asankhe.

Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amafunikira malingaliro ndi zimachokera ku machitidwe ena opangira, mutha kuwona zolemba izi:

• Malangizo kwa ogwiritsa Windows
• Malangizo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito a macOS

Momwe mungasankhire distro yabwino

Mukakayikira, ndi bwino kusanthula magawo kapena mawonekedwe a Linux distros. The mfundo zofunika kwambiri zimene muyenera kulabadira kusankha bwino Iwo ndi:

• Kukhazikika ndi kukhazikikaNgati mukuyang'ana makina ogwiritsira ntchito kuti mugwiritse ntchito popanga, simukufuna kuwononga nthawi ndi nsikidzi kapena mavuto. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusankha ma distros olimba komanso okhazikika omwe amagwira ntchito ngati mawotchi aku Swiss. Zitsanzo zina zabwino ndi Arch, Debian, Ubuntu, openSUSE, ndi Fedora.
• chitetezo: chitetezo sichingakhale chosowa, ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri. Ma Linux distros ambiri amalemekeza zinsinsi zanu kuposa machitidwe ena ogwiritsira ntchito, popeza sanena za ogwiritsa ntchito, kapena amapereka chisankho kuti asatero. Ngakhale GNU / Linux ndi njira yotetezeka, musakhulupirire, zigawenga zapaintaneti zimatchera khutu ku dongosololi ndipo pali pulogalamu yaumbanda yochulukirachulukira yomwe imakhudza. Chifukwa chake, ngati musankha distro ya kampani kapena seva, ichi chiyenera kukhala chofunikira kwambiri. Zina monga SUSE, RHEL, CentOS, etc. zitha kukhala ma seva abwino. Ndipo mulinso ndi ma projekiti apadera omwe amayang'ana kwambiri chitetezo monga Whonix, QubeOS, TAILS, ndi zina.
• Ngakhale ndi thandizo- Linux kernel imathandizira zomanga zosiyanasiyana, monga x86, ARM, RISC-V, ndi zina. Komabe, si ma distros onse omwe amapereka chithandizo ichi mwalamulo. Choncho, ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito kugawa muzomangamanga zosiyana, ndikofunika kuti mudziwe ngati ali ndi chithandizo choterocho kapena ayi. Kumbali inayi, pali nkhani ya madalaivala ndi kuyanjana kwa mapulogalamu. Zikatero, Ubuntu ndi distros zochokera pa izo ndi "mfumukazi", popeza pali zambiri phukusi ndi madalaivala kwa izo (ndi imodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri).
• Chigawo: Ngakhale phukusi lokhazikika liyenera kukhala RPM, monga tafotokozera mu LBS, chowonadi ndichakuti kugawa kotchuka monga Ubuntu kwapangitsa DEB kukhala yayikulu. Ndi kufika kwa phukusi lonse, mavuto ena atha, koma ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi mapulogalamu akuluakulu, akhale mapulogalamu kapena masewera a kanema, njira yabwino kwambiri ndi DEB ndi Ubuntu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito: izi sizitengera kugawa komweko, koma pa malo apakompyuta, ndi mbali zina monga woyang'anira phukusi, kaya ali ndi zothandizira zomwe zimathandizira kasamalidwe monga zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu Linux Mint, kapena YaST 2 mu openSUSE / SUSE , ndi zina. Ngakhale, nthawi zambiri, kugawa kwapano kumakhala kosavuta komanso kochezeka, kupatulapo zochepa ...
• Kuwala vs heavy: ma distros ambiri amakono amakhala olemerera, ndiko kuti, amafuna zida zambiri za Hardware kapena amangothandizira kale 64-bit. M'malo mwake, pali malo opepuka apakompyuta monga KDE Plasma (yomwe "yawonda" posachedwa kwambiri ndipo salinso kompyuta yolemetsa yomwe inalili), LXDE, Xfce, etc., komanso kugawa kopepuka zopangira makompyuta akale kapena ndi zinthu zochepa.
• Zina: Chinanso choyenera kuganizira ndi zomwe mumakonda kapena zomwe mumakonda pamakina ena. Mwachitsanzo:
  • SELinux (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL,…) vs AppArmor (Ubuntu, SUSE, openSUSE, Debian…)
  • systemd (zambiri) vs SysV init (Devuan, Void, Gentoo, Knoppix,…)
  • FHS (ambiri) motsutsana ndi ena monga GoboLinux.
  • etc.

Ndizinenedwa, bwerani pitani pamndandanda zasinthidwa chaka chino ...

Ma Linux distros abwino kwambiri a 2021

Monga mu nkhani za distros zabwino kwambiri za 2020, chaka chino aliponso Ntchito zowonetsedwa kuti mudziwe:

Debian

Debian ndi imodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri za Linux distros ndipo imakhala ngati maziko a magawo ena ambiri monga Ubuntu. Nthawi yoyamba distro iyi idatulutsidwa mu 1993, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo yakhalabe gulu lalikulu zomwe zimapitiliza kukula kwawo kosalekeza. Ndipo, ngakhale poyamba chinali chokometsera maso chopangira ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba, pang'onopang'ono chakhala chochezeka komanso chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Kugawa uku walandira kuzindikirika zambiri, ndipo imakondedwa kwambiri ndi akale a GNU / Linux. Pulojekiti yolimba, yokhazikika, komanso yotetezeka ya mega, yokhala ndi mapulogalamu ambiri osatha omwe alipo komanso woyang'anira phukusi lochokera ku DEB. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yogawa bwino pa desktop ndi ma seva.

Tsitsani distro

Solus

Solus OS ndi pulojekiti ina yosangalatsa yokhala ndi Linux kernel. Izi zikanakhalanso pakati pa zogawa zabwino kwambiri za 2021. Ntchitoyi inayamba ndi Evolve OS, ndipo kenako inakhala Solus. Idawonetsedwa ngati njira yogwiritsira ntchito pawekha, kuyang'ana gawolo molingana ndi mapaketi omwe mungapeze m'mabuku ake, kusiya bizinesi kapena mapulogalamu a seva.

Kutulutsidwa koyamba kwa Solus kudapangidwa mu 2015, ndipo pano kumadziwika kuti ndi distro. khola komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Ndipo, monganso ma distros ena ambiri, mutha kusankha malo apakompyuta a Budgie, GNOME, KDE Plasma, kapena MATE momwe mungafune.

Tsitsani distro

Zorin OS

Zorin OS iyeneranso kupezeka pamndandanda wama distros abwino kwambiri. Distro yochokera pa Ubuntu komanso yokhala ndi malo osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito apakompyuta komanso makina ofanana ndi Microsoft Windows. Pamenepo, idapangidwira oyamba kusintha kuchokera ku Windows kupita ku Linux.

Distro iyi yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2009 ndi kampani yochokera ku Dublin Zorin OS Company, imasunga chinsinsi china chachikulu, kuphatikiza kukhala otetezeka, amphamvu, othamanga komanso olemekeza zinsinsi za ogwiritsa ntchito. Ndipo ndikuti imalola ogwiritsa ntchito yambitsani pulogalamu ya Windows zowonekera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kusankha pakati pamitundu ingapo, monga Core ndi Lite, yaulere, ndi Pro, yomwe imalipira.

Tsitsani distro

Manjaro

Arch Linux ndi imodzi mwama distros otchuka kwambiri, koma aliyense amadziwa kuti si ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali atsopano ku Linux. Komabe, pali ntchito Manjaro, yochokera ku Arch, koma yosavuta komanso yochezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe safuna zovuta zambiri.

Kugawa uku kukupitilizabe kugwiritsa ntchito pacman phukusi woyang'anira, monga Arch Linux, ndipo imabwera ndi malo apakompyuta a GNOME, pakati pa ena.

Tsitsani distro

Tsegulani

Zachidziwikire, pulojekiti ya openSUSE siyingakhalepo pamndandanda wamagawidwe abwino kwambiri pachaka. Iyi ndi ina mwama projekiti omwe ali ndi gulu lolimba komanso mothandizidwa ndi makampani monga AMD ndi SUSE. Ndi distro yomwe imadziwika ndi kulimba kwake ndipo chifukwa ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, kwa mitundu yonse ya ogwiritsa ntchito.

Mutha kusankha pakati pa njira ziwiri zotsitsa:

• Kumbali imodzi muli nayo kutsegulaSUSE Tumbleweed, yomwe ndi distro yomwe imatsata kalembedwe kachitukuko, ndi zosintha zokhazikika.
• Wina ndi TsegulaniThandizani, zomwe zimapangidwira ogwiritsa ntchito akatswiri omwe amafunikira chithandizo chamakono chamakono ndi mitundu yatsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, imatsatira lingaliro la Jump, kuphatikiza ma openSUSE backports ndi SUSE Linux Enterprise binaries.

Tsitsani distro

Fedora

Fedora ndi distro mothandizidwa ndi Red Hat monga mukudziwa. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo ndiyokhazikika. Ili ndi woyang'anira phukusi la DNF, kutengera phukusi la RPM. Mutha kupeza mapaketi ambiri omwe adayikidwa kale, ndi ena ambiri omwe adayikidwa pamakinawa.

Nthawi yoyamba yomwe Fedora idatulutsidwa inali mu 2003 ndipo kuyambira pamenepo yakhala imodzi mwamagawidwe abwino kwambiri chaka chilichonse. Komanso, ngati mukufuna Kusindikiza kwa 3D, distro iyi ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimathandizidwa bwino kwambiri.

Tsitsani distro

zoyambiraOS

Imodzi mwa ma distros amenewo amagwera m'chikondi ndi maso amaliseche chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake zojambulajambula ndi primaryOS. Dongosolo logwiritsa ntchito Ubuntu LTS komanso lopangidwa ndi Elementary Inc. Lapangidwa kuti likhale ndi chilengedwe chofanana ndi macOS, kotero chikhoza kukhala chiyambi chabwino kwa iwo omwe akubwera kuchokera ku Apple system.

Gwiritsani a makonda apakompyuta otchedwa PantheonNdi yachangu, yotseguka, yolemekeza zachinsinsi, ili ndi mapaketi ambiri omwe alipo, ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso yokongola. Ndipo, zowona, zimaphatikizapo unyinji wa mapulogalamu omwe adayikiratu kale kuti musaphonye kalikonse.

Tsitsani distro

MX Linux

MX Linux imatengedwanso kuti ndi imodzi mwamagawidwe abwino kwambiri a Linux. Zimachokera ku Debian ndipo zinatulutsidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba mu 2014. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, polojekitiyi yachititsa kuti anthu azikambirana zambiri, pakati pa zinthu zina. kupereka zinachitikira zosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito novice.

Idayamba ngati projekiti mkati mwa gulu la MEPIS, yomwe idalumikizidwa ndi antiX pachitukuko. Ndipo, mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri za distro iyi, mupeza zosavuta Zida zokhazikitsidwa ndi GUI zowongolera mosavuta, monga chojambulira chosavuta kwambiri, makina ojambulira osintha kernel, chida chojambulira zithunzi, ndi zina zambiri.

Tsitsani distro

Ubuntu

Zachidziwikire, pamndandanda wokhala ndi magawo abwino kwambiri a Linux Ubuntu sangasowe, popeza distro ya Canonical ili chimodzi mwazokonda. Zimatengera Debian, koma kuyambira pomwe polojekitiyi idayamba adangoyang'ana pakupereka distro yosavuta komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Ili ndi zokometsera zingapo zomwe mungasankhe monga Ubuntu (GNOME), Kubuntu (KDE Plasma), etc.

Ali ndi imodzi zabwino kwambiri za Hardware, kuwonjezera pa kukhala ndi chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha mapulogalamu, popeza kukhala mmodzi wa otchuka kwambiri distros ambiri Madivelopa yekha phukusi kwa izo. Kumbali inayi, pokhala ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, palinso gulu lachangu kwambiri kotero mutha kufunsa mafunso kapena kuthetsa mavuto anu.

Tsitsani distro

Linux Mint

Pomaliza, gawo lina labwino kwambiri la Linux ndi Linux Mint. Zimakhazikitsidwa pa Ubuntu ndi Debian, ndi zaulere komanso zoyendetsedwa ndi gulu lalikulu. Ili ndi mapaketi ambiri omwe alipo, mawonekedwe ake ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ili ndi zida zake zambiri zothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.

Kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2006, sichinasiye kusinthika ndi kuwongolera. Ndipo zowonadi, mutha kusankhanso malo angapo apakompyuta.

Tsitsani distro